• Thumbnail for Superior orders
    Superior orders, also known as the Nuremberg defense or just following orders, is a plea in a court of law that a person, whether a member of the military...
    42 KB (5,016 words) - 12:04, 17 August 2024
  • Thumbnail for Anton Dostler
    the executions only because he himself was obeying superior orders, and that as such only his superiors could be held responsible. The Nuremberg judges rejected...
    14 KB (1,464 words) - 00:25, 15 June 2024
  • Respondeat superior (Latin: "let the master answer"; plural: respondeant superiores) is a doctrine that a party is responsible for (and has vicarious liability...
    12 KB (1,501 words) - 03:02, 3 April 2024
  • orders from the Duke of Burgundy, Charles the Bold, against whose rule the city of Breisach had rebelled. The court, however, rejected the superior orders...
    65 KB (9,039 words) - 21:38, 19 August 2024
  • Thumbnail for Friar
    Friar (section Orders)
    character, exercised broadly under the jurisdiction of a superior general, from the older monastic orders' allegiance to a single monastery formalized by their...
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  • provincial superior is an officer of a religious institute (including religious orders) acting under the institute's Superior General. A provincial superior exercises...
    5 KB (725 words) - 19:25, 25 January 2024
  • war crime or other violation of international criminal law. Because superior orders do not exonerate such violations, it is obligatory to disobey the order...
    2 KB (165 words) - 02:23, 24 December 2023
  • Thumbnail for Ophanim
    description as the third Order of the first sphere, the other two superior orders being the Cherubim and Seraphim. The name of the most glorious and...
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  • Thumbnail for Führerprinzip
    accused war criminals, because they were military officers following superior orders. In the book Eichmann in Jerusalem (1963), Hannah Arendt said that...
    18 KB (2,025 words) - 14:46, 25 July 2024
  • figure of superior general first emerged in the thirteenth century with the development of the centralized government of the Mendicant Orders. The Friars...
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  • Thumbnail for Wilhelm Keitel
    convicted him on all charges. Although the tribunal's charter allowed "superior orders" to be considered a mitigating factor, it found Keitel's crimes were...
    36 KB (3,899 words) - 07:23, 20 August 2024
  • Thumbnail for Nuremberg principles
    following my superior's orders'". Previous to the time of the Nuremberg Trials, this excuse was known in common parlance as "superior orders".[citation...
    20 KB (2,158 words) - 15:26, 2 April 2024
  • out orders, including those later judged to be war crimes (see also Prussian virtues, German militarism, Befehlsnotstand, Führerprinzip, and superior orders)...
    15 KB (1,460 words) - 21:21, 13 August 2024
  • command is exercised and executed. Orders are transmitted down the chain of command, from a responsible superior, such as a commissioned officer, to...
    7 KB (993 words) - 18:23, 17 July 2024
  • Thumbnail for Command responsibility
    superior responsibility) is the legal doctrine of hierarchical accountability for war crimes, whereby a commanding officer (military) and a superior officer...
    59 KB (6,361 words) - 15:34, 9 August 2024
  • Thumbnail for Superior general of the Society of Jesus
    Provincial superiors under him. Such power follows from the religious vows that bind members to community life, as in other religious orders. Superiors General...
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  • Thumbnail for War crime
    behaviour by a military force. Despite having argued that he had obeyed superior orders, von Hagenbach was convicted, condemned to death, and beheaded. The...
    56 KB (5,794 words) - 16:58, 17 August 2024
  • Thumbnail for Adolf Eichmann
    insisted he had no choice but to follow orders, as he was bound by an oath of loyalty to Hitler – the same superior orders defence used by some defendants in...
    91 KB (10,862 words) - 23:49, 25 August 2024
  • Prior (ecclesiastical) (category Organisation of Catholic religious orders)
    Prior (or prioress) is an ecclesiastical title for a superior in some religious orders. The word is derived from the Latin for "earlier" or "first". Its...
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  • (does not apply when the assault/battery results in ABH or greater) Superior orders Reasonable chastisement of a child Medical procedure Sporting activities...
    15 KB (1,890 words) - 14:18, 16 August 2024
  • Thumbnail for William Calley
    to life in prison without parole Superior orders – The practice of pleading not guilty, by means of "following orders" "WSB-TV newsfilm clip of a reporter...
    40 KB (4,143 words) - 21:14, 7 August 2024
  • Thumbnail for R v Smith (1900)
    Court of the Colony of the Cape of Good Hope. It relates to whether superior orders are an excuse or justification. It has been called a leading case....
    13 KB (1,649 words) - 21:46, 11 December 2023
  • Thumbnail for Military order (instruction)
    assist subordinate units with the conduct of military operations. Superior orders Führerprinzip Nuremberg principles George Breckenridge Davis, A Treatise...
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  • 1945, that the use of Superior orders as a defense did not relieve officers from responsibility of carrying out illegal orders or the liability of being...
    15 KB (1,808 words) - 21:50, 10 April 2024
  • Thumbnail for Mother superior
    monasteries and abbeys, like provincial and superiors general of some orders, are among the major religious superiors. In order for members of the consecrated...
    3 KB (350 words) - 17:35, 26 August 2024
  • Thumbnail for Milgram experiment
    Massacre Ordinary Men (book) Social influence Stanford prison experiment Superior orders The Third Wave (experiment) The Tenth Level (1976 video starring William...
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  • Thumbnail for Mutiny
    or remove superiors or their orders. The term is commonly used for insubordination by members of the military against an officer or superior, but it can...
    35 KB (4,529 words) - 00:29, 4 July 2024
  • Innere Führung ). The revised definition of military orders and obedience, as well as superior–subordinate relations by the former "Amt Blank" (Blank...
    19 KB (1,364 words) - 12:50, 4 August 2024
  • Thumbnail for Operations Ginny I and II
    November 1945, that using superior orders as a defense does not relieve officers from responsibility of carrying out illegal orders and their liability to...
    25 KB (3,470 words) - 16:44, 14 March 2024
  • Barbie. This defence was rejected by the court, which convicted Barbie. Superior orders Tu quoque Victor's justice Rohan, Colleen; Zyberi, Gentian (2017)....
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