while preparing for costly, long-duration[clarification needed] spaceflight missions in which the performance objectives will be demanding, endurance will...

agreed to use the term "spaceflight participant" to distinguish those space travelers from professional astronauts on missions coordinated by those two...

without any direct human involvement. People trained for spaceflight are called astronauts (American or other), cosmonauts (Russian), or taikonauts (Chinese);...

launch in 2024, followed by crewed flight in 2024 on an HLVM3 rocket. Before the Gaganyaan mission announcement in August 2018, human spaceflight was not...

successfully landed 363 times in 375 attempts. A total of 43 boosters have flown multiple missions, with a record of 23 missions by a booster. SpaceX has also...

system during future missions such as Starship. After being accepted as an astronaut candidate, he left SpaceX in December 2021. In December 2021, Menon...

pilots) met the USAF spaceflight criteria by exceeding the altitude of 50 miles (80 km), thus qualifying the pilots for astronaut status; some pilots also...

government rockets. Private spaceflight in Earth orbit includes communications satellites, satellite television, satellite radio, astronaut transport and sub-orbital...

NASA issues an astronaut badge to all civilian personnel who qualify as specialists on spaceflight missions. The badge is embroidered in either silver...

the U.S. crewed spaceflight program. The STG was based at the Langley Research Center in Hampton, Virginia, but reported organizationally to the Goddard...

NASA astronaut. Board certified in internal and aerospace medicine, he served as a flight surgeon for NASA before his selection as an astronaut and has...

Astronaut training describes the complex process of preparing astronauts in regions around the world for their space missions before, during and after...

interplanetary missions, the rendezvouses and dockings with space stations, and crewed spaceflights on scientific or tourist missions. Spaceflight can be achieved...

missions. In preparing for such an expedition, important psychological, interpersonal, and psychiatric issues occurring in human spaceflight missions...

Spaceflight in 2025 promises to follow the 2020s trend of record breaking orbital launches and increased developments in lunar, Mars and low-earth orbit...

This is a list of astronauts by year of selection: people selected to train for a human spaceflight program to command, pilot, or serve as a crew member...

2015). "NASA Selects Astronauts for First U.S. Commercial Spaceflights". nasa.gov. "NASA Assigns Crews to First Test Flights, Missions on Commercial Spacecraft"...

Kelly's first spaceflight was as pilot of Space Shuttle Discovery during STS-103 in December 1999. This was the third servicing mission to the Hubble...

operations, and mission management. Missions could extend for longer periods depending on the focus of the spaceflight. Former NASA astronauts Peggy Whitson...

private crew of Axiom Mission 3. This year saw Alper Gezeravcı become the first Turkish astronaut, as a crew member on the Axiom Mission 3. Belarus also had...

his first spaceflight as command pilot of Gemini 8 in March 1966, becoming NASA's first civilian astronaut to fly in space. During this mission with pilot...

communicator, and commercial astronaut who is known for a sub-orbital spaceflight with Virgin Galactic as a payload specialist in 2023. She has worked at Palantir...

on a six-month study of 11 healthy astronauts. The results may influence long-term spaceflight, including a mission to the planet Mars, according to the...

of the second group of astronauts, the so-called "Next Nine", who were chosen to take part in the Gemini and Apollo missions. He was assigned as pilot...

expected notable spaceflight events during the year 2026. In 2026, NASA is expected to launch the Artemis III mission, which will land astronauts near the south...

Five subsequent Apollo missions also landed astronauts on the Moon, the last, Apollo 17, in December 1972. In these six spaceflights, twelve people walked...

other suborbital spaceflight providers in the future. In 2012, Citizens in Space reported they had begun training three citizen astronaut candidates and...

Spaceflight began in the 20th century following theoretical and practical breakthroughs by Konstantin Tsiolkovsky, Robert H. Goddard, and Hermann Oberth...

Space Shuttle crews List of Space Shuttle missions Timeline of Space Shuttle missions List of human spaceflights chronologically Challenger flag Challenger...

international space missions. It is based at Johnson Space Center in Houston, Texas. The first U.S. astronaut candidates were selected by NASA in 1959, for its...