• – that is, c, g, h, j, and s circumflex, and u breve. Standard Esperanto orthography uses the Latin script. The letters have approximately the sound...
    31 KB (3,513 words) - 14:11, 11 October 2024
  • Thumbnail for Ĵ
    Ĵ (category Articles containing Esperanto-language text)
    or ĵ (J circumflex) is a letter in Esperanto orthography representing the sound [ʒ]. While Esperanto orthography uses a diacritic for its four postalveolar...
    2 KB (153 words) - 09:45, 20 May 2024
  • Thumbnail for Ĉ
    Ĉ (category Articles containing Esperanto-language text)
    Esperanto orthography, representing the sound [t͡ʃ], the pronunciation of the English ⟨ch⟩ as in "cheese". It is based on the letter ⟨c⟩. Esperanto orthography...
    2 KB (159 words) - 16:30, 28 October 2024
  • Thumbnail for Ŝ
    Ŝ (category Articles containing Esperanto-language text)
    or ŝ (S circumflex) is a consonant in Esperanto orthography, representing the sound [ʃ]. Esperanto orthography uses a diacritic for all four of its postalveolar...
    2 KB (192 words) - 09:48, 20 May 2024
  • Thumbnail for Ĥ
    Ĥ (category Articles containing Esperanto-language text)
    consonant in Esperanto orthography, where it represents a voiceless velar fricative [x] or voiceless uvular fricative [χ]. Its name in Esperanto is ĥo (pronounced...
    6 KB (649 words) - 16:40, 16 November 2024
  • Thumbnail for Ĝ
    Ĝ (category Articles containing Esperanto-language text)
    Ĝ or ĝ (G circumflex) is a consonant in Esperanto orthography, representing a voiced postalveolar affricate (either palato-alveolar or retroflex), and...
    3 KB (254 words) - 11:44, 18 September 2024
  • transcription delimiters. Esperanto is a constructed international auxiliary language designed to have a simple phonology. The creator of Esperanto, L. L. Zamenhof...
    45 KB (5,017 words) - 13:58, 11 November 2024
  • Proto-Esperanto (Esperanto: Pra-Esperanto) is the modern term for any of the stages in the evolution of L. L. Zamenhof's language project, prior to the...
    11 KB (1,348 words) - 07:12, 26 October 2024
  • the letters in the Esperanto alphabet that have diacritics, as well as a number of graphic work-arounds. The diacritics of Esperanto were designed with...
    11 KB (1,232 words) - 12:30, 7 April 2024
  • supercomputer System X (telephony), digital switching platform X-sistemo in Esperanto orthography SIGSALY, secure voice transmission system; sometimes called "X System"...
    537 bytes (91 words) - 01:16, 10 February 2023
  • Thumbnail for F
    F
    words. In Spanish orthography, ⟨f⟩ is used to represent /f/. In Esperanto orthography, ⟨f⟩ is used to represent /f/. In the Hepburn romanization of Japanese...
    15 KB (1,364 words) - 07:18, 22 October 2024
  • Thumbnail for Esperanto
    language in Dr. Esperanto's International Language (Esperanto: Unua Libro), which he published under the pseudonym Doktoro Esperanto. Early adopters of...
    166 KB (16,639 words) - 23:55, 27 October 2024
  • Native Esperanto speakers (Esperanto: denaskuloj or denaskaj esperantistoj) are people who have acquired Esperanto as one of their native languages. As...
    15 KB (1,911 words) - 08:51, 11 July 2024
  • were intended to replace Esperanto. Limited suggestions for improvement within the framework of Esperanto, such as orthographic reforms and riism, are not...
    21 KB (2,140 words) - 09:52, 6 September 2024
  • Thumbnail for L. L. Zamenhof
    was the creator of Esperanto, the most widely used constructed international auxiliary language. Zamenhof first developed the Esperanto language in 1873...
    45 KB (4,125 words) - 10:24, 4 November 2024
  • Thumbnail for Esperantujo
    or Esperantio (IPA: [esperanˈtio]) is the community of speakers of the Esperanto language and their culture, as well as the places and institutions where...
    30 KB (3,336 words) - 12:58, 20 November 2024
  • developed Esperanto in the 1870s and '80s. Unua Libro, the first print discussion of the language, appeared in 1887. The number of Esperanto speakers have...
    30 KB (3,867 words) - 23:32, 15 October 2024
  • Thumbnail for Ŭ
    Ŭ (category Articles containing Esperanto-language text)
    semivowel in the orthography of Esperanto, which is an international auxiliary language publicly presented in 1887. As in Belarusian, Esperanto Ŭ is pronounced...
    8 KB (854 words) - 07:45, 19 August 2024
  • failure rate. Most constructed languages such as Esperanto and Lojban have mostly phonemic orthographies. The syllabary systems of Japanese (hiragana and...
    26 KB (3,317 words) - 16:02, 15 November 2024
  • Thumbnail for Gh (digraph)
    represents /ɡ/ (the voiced velar plosive) before ⟨e⟩ and ⟨i⟩. In Esperanto orthography, ⟨gh⟩ (or ⟨gx⟩) can be used when the ⟨ĝ⟩ is missing, which represents...
    6 KB (694 words) - 17:08, 25 October 2024
  • Esperanto is the most widely used constructed language intended for international communication; it was designed with highly regular grammatical rules...
    67 KB (8,935 words) - 03:31, 29 October 2024
  • Thumbnail for Esperanto symbols
    Esperanto symbols, primarily the Esperanto flag, have seen much consistency over the time of Esperanto's existence (namely in the consistent usage of the...
    8 KB (964 words) - 04:02, 24 November 2024
  • Thumbnail for Universal Esperanto Association
    The Universal Esperanto Association (Esperanto: Universala Esperanto-Asocio, UEA), also known as the World Esperanto Association, is the largest international...
    27 KB (3,535 words) - 10:56, 15 November 2024
  • The following is a list of Esperanto-language films including features and documentaries. Esperanto was created in the late 1870s and early 1880s. There...
    15 KB (1,751 words) - 13:58, 17 April 2024
  • Thumbnail for List of Esperanto speakers
    An Esperantist (Esperanto: esperantisto) is a person who speaks, reads or writes Esperanto. According to the Declaration of Boulogne, a document agreed...
    12 KB (1,413 words) - 12:05, 11 November 2024
  • Esperanto II or Esperanto 2 was a reform of Esperanto proposed by René de Saussure in 1937, the last of a long series of such proposals beginning with...
    13 KB (1,276 words) - 08:17, 23 August 2024
  • Esperanto vocabulary and grammatical forms derive primarily from the Romance languages, with substantial contributions from Germanic languages. The language...
    26 KB (3,034 words) - 20:54, 15 March 2024
  • epiglottal fricative /ʜ/, and in Chipewyan it is a velar/uvular /χ/. In Esperanto orthography, it is an official surrogate of ⟨ĥ⟩, which represents /x/. ⟨hj⟩...
    150 KB (16,679 words) - 19:56, 19 November 2024
  • Thumbnail for Akademio de Esperanto
    The Akademio de Esperanto (AdE; English: Academy of Esperanto) is an independent body of Esperanto speakers who steward the evolution of said language...
    4 KB (358 words) - 20:11, 12 November 2024
  • is considered a separate letter for purposes of collation. (See Esperanto orthography.) In Nsenga, ŵ denotes the labiodental approximant /ʋ/. In Chichewa...
    35 KB (3,823 words) - 20:46, 14 November 2024