In macroeconomics, hard currency, safe-haven currency, or strong currency is any globally traded currency that serves as a reliable and stable store of...

exchange rate of its currency, and to maintain confidence in financial markets. Reserves are held in one or more reserve currencies, nowadays mostly the...

reserve currency can be used in international transactions, international investments and all aspects of the global economy. It is often considered a hard currency...

first and the final letters of the plural form of the currency's name, bolívares). The value of the hard bolívar, pegged to the US dollar, did not stay stable...

Look up hard money in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Hard money may refer to: Hard currency, globally traded currency that can serve as a reliable and...

creation of a 'hard' ECU, which different national currencies could compete against and, if the ECU was successful, could lead to a single currency. The move...

required its vehicles be sold to the now-foreign Russian market for hard currency. Responding to this market opportunity, GAZ swiftly developed its own...

of the West. He proposed a law requiring payment for federal land in hard currency only, which was defeated in Congress but later enshrined in an executive...

[citation needed] Gold standard Silver standard Hard currency Private currency Representative money Reserve currency Commodity money Chen, Yu-Chin; Rogoff, Kenneth;...

hard-currency shops founded in 1972, during the Communist era in Poland that accepted payment only in United States dollars and other hard currencies...

currency for each unit (or decided amount) of foreign currency it has in its vault (often a hard currency such as the U.S. dollar or the euro). The surplus...

a local currency is a currency that can be spent in a particular geographical locality at participating organisations. A regional currency is a form...

Digital currency (digital money, electronic money or electronic currency) is any currency, money, or money-like asset that is primarily managed, stored...

applicable for both public and private transactions. However, demand for hard currency made these exchange rates unavailable in the informal market. Before...

exchange rate regime in which a currency's value is allowed to fluctuate in response to foreign exchange market events. A currency that uses a floating exchange...

A currency is a standardization of money in any form, in use or circulation as a medium of exchange, for example banknotes and coins. A more general definition...

in which a currency's value is fixed or pegged by a monetary authority against the value of another currency, a basket of other currencies, or another...

whole currency flow across the forex market. Relative currency strength Absolute currency strength Balance of trade Technical analysis Hard currency Revaluation...

foreign currencies were legalised again. Due to the sharp depreciation of the Zimdollar, most transactions are being done in hard currencies, such as...

Currency depreciation is the loss of value of a country's currency with respect to one or more foreign reference currencies, typically in a floating exchange...

(pronounced "fix"), or currency market) is a global decentralized or over-the-counter (OTC) market for the trading of currencies. This market determines...

Fiat money is a type of currency that is not backed by a precious metal, such as gold or silver. It is typically designated by the issuing government to...

The euro (symbol: €; currency code: EUR) is the official currency of 20 of the 27 member states of the European Union. This group of states is officially...

bonds in the currency of a country with a more stable economy (i.e. a hard currency). All bonds carry default risk; that is, the possibility that the government...

no longer available in regular retail, being sold officially only in hard currency shops. Obviously, the black market was thriving at the time, as most...

form of currency, such as banknotes and coins. In bookkeeping and financial accounting, cash is current assets comprising currency or currency equivalents...

hard currency, that is, currency that was freely convertible. Because the ruble was not freely convertible, the Soviet Union could only acquire hard currency...

over $50 billion in hard currency revenue losses in a one-year period at current oil prices. The IMF estimated Iran's hard currency reserves to be $106...

2013) the authorities weakened the national currency intentionally by withholding the supply of hard currency to earn more rial-denominated income, usually...

is the rate at which one currency will be exchanged for another currency. Currencies are most commonly national currencies, but may be sub-national as...