A reference genome (also known as a reference assembly) is a digital nucleic acid sequence database, assembled by scientists as a representative example...

The Genome Reference Consortium (GRC) is an international collective of academic and research institutes with expertise in genome mapping, sequencing...

haploid reference genome, of which there are more than three billion. The genome of any given individual is unique; mapping the human genome involved...

These are usually treated separately as the nuclear genome and the mitochondrial genome. Human genomes include both protein-coding DNA sequences and various...

genetics, a genome is all the genetic information of an organism. It consists of nucleotide sequences of DNA (or RNA in RNA viruses). The nuclear genome includes...

Human Pangenome Reference is a collection of genomes from a diverse cohort of individuals compiled by the Human Pangenome Reference Consortium (HPRC)...

weight given to the longer contigs. It is used widely in genome assembly, especially in reference to contig lengths within a draft assembly. There are also...

and interpretation of these complex data. Genome Assembly and Annotation: Give access to the reference genome assembly, serving as a framework for overlaying...

This approach does not require a reference genome to reconstruct the transcriptome, and is typically used if the genome is unknown, incomplete, or substantially...

threshold. For example, a G nucleotide present at a specific location in a reference genome may be replaced by an A in a minority of individuals. The two possible...

sequence assembly method of creating a transcriptome without the aid of a reference genome. As a result of the development of novel sequencing technologies, the...

Genome projects are scientific endeavours that ultimately aim to determine the complete genome sequence of an organism (be it an animal, a plant, a fungus...

traits has been hampered by the lack of a reference genome assembly. In May 2022, a fully annotated reference genome sequence of Avena sativa was reported...

Ensembl genome database project is a scientific project at the European Bioinformatics Institute, which provides a centralized resource for geneticists...

When a reference genome is available, as one is in the case of human, newly sequenced reads could simply be aligned to the reference genome in order...

high-quality reference genome is available, these tags may be matched to their corresponding gene in the genome. If a reference genome is unavailable...

an ‘Indian reference genome' grid. The initiative is funded by Department of Biotechnology (DBT) to sequence at least 10,000 Indian genomes in phase 1...

focusing on the structure, function, evolution, mapping, and editing of genomes. A genome is an organism's complete set of DNA, including all of its genes as...

Coordinating Center for the NHGRI Genome Sequencing Program Talking Glossary of Genetic Terms Human reference genome Samorodnitsky, Dan (2020-11-09). "The...

anthracis measures about 3 to 5 μm long and 1 to 1.2 μm wide. The reference genome consists of a 5,227,419 bp circular chromosome and two extrachromosomal...

sequences of DNA, which presents challenges to mapping its reads to a reference genome. After purchasing Complete Genomics, the Beijing Genomics Institute...

sequenced genome is high, this leads to a high compression ratio. Unlike the SAM/BAM formats, FASTQ files do not specify a reference genome. Alignment-based...

mosses. Azolla filiculoides is one of just two fern species for which a reference genome has been published. It is believed that this genus grew so prolifically...

decline of genome sequencing costs and to an astonishingly rapid accumulation of genomic data. These technologies are enabling ambitious genome sequencing...

cultivar Heinz 1706 was published on 31 May 2012 in Nature. The latest reference genome published in 2021 had 799 MB and encodes 34,384 (predicted) proteins...

The UCSC Genome Browser is an online and downloadable genome browser hosted by the University of California, Santa Cruz (UCSC). It is an interactive website...

likely in the state of Jalisco, Mexico, from its wild sororia form. The reference genome of this species was published in 2019. The flowers are orange or yellow...

pan-genome (pangenome or supragenome) is the entire set of genes from all strains within a clade. More generally, it is the union of all the genomes of...

region. CNVs are segments of DNA that vary in copy number compared to a reference genome and play a significant role in human phenotypic variation and disease...

longer ones without the use of a reference genome. These are most commonly used in bioinformatic studies to assemble genomes or transcriptomes. Two common...