A vertical agreement is a term used in competition law to denote agreements between firms at different levels of a supply chain. For instance, a manufacturer...

agreements or practices that have or are likely to have an appreciable adverse effect on competition in a market in India, (horizontal and vertical agreements...

Horizontal agreement, that is one between competitors, will usually be de minimis where the parties' market share is 10% or less, and a vertical agreement, between...

companies that combine market stages through legal agreements. Horizontal integration Vertical integration Vertical market software Supply and demand Product-market...

Vertical restraints are competition restrictions in agreements between firms or individuals at different levels of the production and distribution process...

create monopolies, practices that are allegedly exclusionary, such as vertical agreements and price discrimination, did not harm consumers and so should not...

both horizontal (e.g. between retailers) and vertical (e.g. between retailers and suppliers) agreements, effectively outlawing the operation of cartels...

serve Pepsi products as part of that sponsor agreement. The name changed to the more generic “Vertical Challenge” in 2017, though Pepsi continued to...

tying, group boycotts, market allocation agreements, exclusive territory agreements for sales, and vertical restraints limiting retailers to geographic...

Exclusive dealing agreements under the Article 102 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union are the Vertical agreements that bind the customer...

difference of each point, the mean difference, and the limits of agreement on the vertical against the average of the two ratings on the horizontal. The...

not covered by the Regulation on horizontal agreements, but instead by the Regulation on vertical Agreements. The clauses on the ownership of secret know-how...

Future Vertical Lift (FVL) is a plan to develop a family of military helicopters for the United States Armed Forces. Five different sizes of aircraft are...

purely vertical agreements) and a rimmed hub-and-spoke conspiracy (i.e., a collection of vertical agreements joined by horizontal agreements)." The key difference...

The Vehicle Assembly Building (originally the Vertical Assembly Building), or VAB, is a large building at NASA's Kennedy Space Center (KSC) in Florida...

inference of an agreement to fix prices. The Court held that "a vertical restraint is not illegal per se unless it includes some agreement on price or price...

RPM agreements may still be unlawful. In fact, in Leegin, the Court identified at least two ways in which a purely vertical minimum RPM agreement might...

the 1990s, particularly through the "new wave" block exemptions on vertical agreements and new guidelines on merger control and competition enforcement...

dominant firms pricing predatorily, while allowing such practices as vertical agreements and price discrimination on the grounds that it did not harm consumers...

antitrust laws. This case created an exception to vertical price restraints in vertical agreements. According to the ruling, resale price maintenance...

(1979–1985) 255400 (vertical shaft) (1984–1994) 281000 (vertical shaft) (1981–1991) Briggs & Stratton/I/C 283H07-0399-E1 (050923AZ) (16-hp) (vertical shaft) Briggs &...

Vertical Block Exemption Regulation and the accompanying Guidelines on vertical restraints provide guidance on the types of restrictions in vertical agreements...

dominant firms pricing predatorily, while allowing such practices as vertical agreements and price discrimination on the grounds that it did not harm consumers...

Alexander (2004). "How to Auction a Bottleneck Monopoly When Underhand Vertical Agreements are Possible". The Journal of Industrial Economics. 52 (3): 427–455...

occupying the same horizontal or vertical space as two characters). In horizontally written text the dots are commonly vertically centered along the midline...

liquidates all his belongings and cashes out his savings to buy into the agreement. He finds Astrid prickly, and is later alarmed when she introduces a Greek...

initially agreed to the previous month. This Optum-UnitedHealth model of vertical integration is pointed to as having sparked a pattern of acquisition activity...

international agreements. VERTIC is primarily concerned with arms control and disarmament, peace and environmental agreements. VERTIC has an international...

Air assault is the movement of ground-based military forces by vertical take-off and landing (VTOL) aircraft, such as helicopters, to seize and hold key...

Industrial or business equipment are also leased. In essence, a lease agreement is a contract between two parties: the lessor and the lessee. The lessor...