radiation detectors such as the Geiger-Müller counter or the ionization chamber. The ionization process is widely used in a variety of equipment in fundamental...
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electron, and e− is the removed electron. Ionization energy is positive for neutral atoms, meaning that the ionization is an endothermic process. Roughly speaking...
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Look up ionizer or ioniser in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Ionizer or ioniser may refer to: Air ioniser, a device that uses high voltage to ionise...
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Mass spectrometry (redirect from Soft ionization)
electrospray ionization (ESI) and Koichi Tanaka for the development of soft laser desorption (SLD) and their application to the ionization of biological...
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molecules to fragment when ionized. ESI is different from other ionization processes (e.g. matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization, MALDI) since it may...
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Electron ionization (EI, formerly known as electron impact ionization and electron bombardment ionization) is an ionization method in which energetic electrons...
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atomic ions. The first molar ionization energy applies to the neutral atoms. The second, third, etc., molar ionization energy applies to the further...
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Ion (section Ionization potential)
with less net electric charge is called the ionization potential, or ionization energy. The nth ionization energy of an atom is the energy required to...
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Chemical ionization (CI) is a soft ionization technique used in mass spectrometry. This was first introduced by Burnaby Munson and Frank H. Field in 1966...
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many types of ionizing radiation, including X-rays, gamma rays, alpha particles and beta particles. Conventionally, the term "ionization chamber" refers...
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nanometers). Roughly, this corresponds to both the first ionization energy of oxygen, and the ionization energy of hydrogen, both about 14 eV. In some Environmental...
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Ion source (redirect from Atmospheric pressure ionization)
Electron ionization is widely used in mass spectrometry, particularly for organic molecules. The gas phase reaction producing electron ionization is M +...
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In mass spectrometry, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) is an ionization technique that uses a laser energy-absorbing matrix to create...
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Penning ionization is a form of chemi-ionization, an ionization process involving reactions between neutral atoms or molecules. The Penning effect is...
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Double ionization is a process of formation of doubly charged ions when laser radiation is exerted on neutral atoms or molecules. Double ionization is usually...
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Plasma (physics) (redirect from Ionized gas)
temperatures are usually needed to sustain ionization, which is a defining feature of a plasma. The degree of plasma ionization is determined by the electron temperature...
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Smoke detector (redirect from Ionization smoke detector)
need for external wiring. Ionization smoke detectors are usually less expensive to manufacture than optical detectors. Ionization detectors may be more prone...
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In physics, the Saha ionization equation is an expression that relates the ionization state of a gas in thermal equilibrium to the temperature and pressure...
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which requires only a single particle to ionize. A familiar example of thermal ionization is the flame-ionization of a common fire, and the browning reactions...
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Radiation (section Ionizing radiation)
requires only single particles to cause ionization. A familiar example of thermal ionization is the flame-ionization of a common fire, and the browning reactions...
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Ionosphere (section Layers of ionization)
ionization present, while the ionization in the E and D layers is extremely low. During the day, the D and E layers become much more heavily ionized,...
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Periodic trends (section Ionization energy)
attracting force of the nucleus. It is also referred to as ionization potential. The first ionization energy is the amount of energy that is required to remove...
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seal). Electron ionization Ionization gauge Vacuum R. T. Bayard and D. Alpert, "Extension of the Low Pressure Range of the Ionization Gauge" Rev. Sci...
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The degree of ionization (also known as ionization yield in the literature) refers to the proportion of neutral particles, such as those in a gas or aqueous...
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manufacturers. The "hard ionization" process of electron ionization can be softened by the cooling of the molecules before their ionization, resulting in mass...
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An ionization instability is any one of a category of plasma instabilities which is mediated by electron-impact ionization. In the most general sense...
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needed] In the literature, the term "chemi-ionization" is used inconsistently. Berry broadly defined chemi-ionization as "processes that lead to the formation...
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port (J). Flame ionization detectors are used very widely in gas chromatography because of a number of advantages. Cost: Flame ionization detectors are...
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Ambient ionization is a form of ionization in which ions are formed in an ion source outside the mass spectrometer without sample preparation or separation...
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Atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI) is an ionization method used in mass spectrometry which utilizes gas-phase ion-molecule reactions at atmospheric...
20 KB (2,427 words) - 00:39, 15 December 2023