replacement of existing social welfare benefits with a basic income called Bürgergeld. The JuLis were founded in 1980, and was recognized as the official FDP...

unemployed, which the Bürgergeld system accomplishes. The reform also sought to address the skills gap in Germany, with Bürgergeld recipients being entitled...

In 2023, the Hartz concept was replaced by the Citizens’ Basic Income (Bürgergeld). Hartz I and II both came into effect on 1 January 2003, aiming at making...

can still achieve today with our integration power." Merz opposed the Bürgergeld (unemployment payment) and, like the CDU, wants to see it abolished and...

unemployment benefits (Arbeitslosengeld II, also referred to as Hartz IV or Bürgergeld colloquially) are an open-ended welfare program intended to ensure people...

level of taxed income or could afford the expense of the citizen's fee (Bürgergeld). Citizenship was often further restricted to city dwellers affiliated...