their model. This article deals primarily with the quantization of the non-linear sigma model; please refer to the base article on the sigma model for general...

"non-linear sigma model". The name has roots in particle physics, where a sigma model describes the interactions of pions. Unfortunately, the "sigma meson"...

stable field configuration of a certain class of non-linear sigma models. It was originally proposed as a model of the nucleon by (and named after) Tony Skyrme...

Scalar, spinor and gauge Standard Model Chiral model Non-linear sigma model Wess–Zumino–Witten model Wess–Zumino model Supersymmetric Yang–Mills 4D N =...

solutions of O(3) Non-linear Sigma Model, (Wiegmann 1985), Wess–Zumino–Witten model (together with Alexander Polyakov), Anderson impurity model and multi-channel...

Multilevel models (also known as hierarchical linear models, linear mixed-effect models, mixed models, nested data models, random coefficient, random-effects...

Non-linear least squares is the form of least squares analysis used to fit a set of m observations with a model that is non-linear in n unknown parameters...

functions, especially the sigma function or sum-of-divisors function. In applied mathematics, σ(T) denotes the spectrum of a linear map T. In complex analysis...

in that they both look for linear combinations of variables which best explain the data. LDA explicitly attempts to model the difference between the classes...

world-sheet Σ {\displaystyle \Sigma } is then an embedded surface, that is, an embedded 2-manifold Σ ↪ M {\displaystyle \Sigma \hookrightarrow M} , such that...

In statistics, simple linear regression (SLR) is a linear regression model with a single explanatory variable. That is, it concerns two-dimensional sample...

field with imaginary mass. However, it was soon realized that Feinberg's model did not in fact allow for superluminal (faster-than-light) particles or...

gravitons having non-zero mass. Most theories containing gravitons suffer from severe problems. Attempts to extend the Standard Model or other quantum...

Calabi–Yau manifolds are compact, but some allow them to be non-compact. In the generalization to non-compact manifolds, the difference ( Ω ∧ Ω ¯ − ω n / n...

vector space V over a field F is the moduli space of all k-dimensional linear subspaces of V. Whenever there is an embedding of a scheme X {\displaystyle...

equation is a nonlinear variation of the Schrödinger equation. Non-linear sigma model is found in quantum field theory. Nonlinear system, in mathematics...

a reading of the latter paper shows that it is actually concerned with linear dilation backgrounds, not Dirichlet boundary conditions). This paper, though...

The Ogden material model is a hyperelastic material model used to describe the non-linear stress–strain behaviour of complex materials such as rubbers...

later case, this is referred to as the O ( n ) {\displaystyle O(n)} non-linear sigma model, as the rotation group O ( n ) {\displaystyle O(n)} is group of...

In statistics, linear regression is a model that estimates the linear relationship between a scalar response (dependent variable) and one or more explanatory...

sampling variance within the class of linear unbiased estimators, if the errors in the linear regression model are uncorrelated, have equal variances...

dimension, and then no reference to the bulk is appropriate. In the bulk model, at least some of the extra dimensions are extensive (possibly infinite)...

useful to mitigate the problem of multicollinearity in linear regression, which commonly occurs in models with large numbers of parameters. In general, the...

77. Rickles 2014, p. 11 n. 22. Scherk, J.; Schwarz, J. (1974). "Dual models for non-hadrons". Nuclear Physics B. 81 (1): 118–144. Bibcode:1974NuPhB..81...

_{j}X_{j}^{i};\quad \sigma _{i+1}^{2}={\frac {1}{M_{i}-1}}\sum _{j}(X_{j}^{i}-\mu _{i+1})^{2}.} Leading to a conditionally normal next generation model X j i + 1...

using similar techniques. When viewed in the generalized linear model framework, the probit model employs a probit link function. It is most often estimated...

,\cdot ]\otimes {\operatorname {id} }\circ ({\operatorname {id} }+\sigma +\sigma ^{2})=0} where σ is the cyclic permutation braiding ( id ⊗ τ A , A )...

\ldots \rangle } denotes the trace in the flavor space. This is a non-linear sigma model. Terms involving ∂ μ ∂ μ U {\displaystyle \textstyle \partial _{\mu...

understanding of string theory and quantum gravity. This is because it provides a non-perturbative formulation of string theory with certain boundary conditions...

F-theory String field theory Matrix string theory Non-critical string theory Non-linear sigma model Tachyon condensation RNS formalism GS formalism String...