particle physics, the electroweak interaction or electroweak force is the unified description of two of the fundamental interactions of nature: electromagnetism...

carriers of the weak interaction are the massive W and Z bosons. Electroweak theory (EWT) covers both electromagnetism and the weak interaction. At the high temperatures...

electromagnetic force and the weak interaction by showing them to be two aspects of a single force, now termed the electroweak force. The existence of the W...

the strong interaction and the electroweak interaction as aspects of a single force, similarly to how the electromagnetic and weak interactions were unified...

and Abdus Salam incorporated the Higgs mechanism into Glashow's electroweak interaction, giving it its modern form. In 1970, Sheldon Glashow, John Iliopoulos...

massless photon mediates the electromagnetic interaction. These four gauge bosons form the electroweak interaction among elementary particles. Although the...

otherwise empty space), which breaks the weak isospin symmetry of the electroweak interaction and, via the Higgs mechanism, gives a rest mass to all massive...

begin to manifest as two separate interactions, the strong and the electroweak interactions. (The electroweak interaction will also separate later, dividing...

a single combined electroweak interaction. GUT models predict that at even higher energy, the strong and electroweak interactions will unify into one...

electronuclear interaction, but was still high enough for electromagnetism and the weak interaction to remain merged into a single electroweak interaction above...

Model combines the strong interaction with the unified electroweak interaction (unifying the weak and electromagnetic interaction) through the symmetry group...

expanding bubble of true vacuum. The stability criteria for the electroweak interaction was first formulated in 1979 as a function of the masses of the...

a nearby charged particle, such as a nucleus. In the theory of electroweak interaction, the left-handed component of electron's wavefunction forms a weak...

electromagnetism; the latter has been further unified with the concept of electroweak interaction. This process of "unifying" forces continues today, with the ultimate...

force are unified as a single interaction called the electroweak interaction. Most of the forces involved in interactions between atoms are explained by...

Hooft showed the Glashow–Weinberg–Salam electroweak interactions to be mathematically consistent, the electroweak theory became a template for further attempts...

generating around 300 GeV per interaction. The energy diffuses out of the star as a mixture of neutrinos and photons. Electroweak stars could be identified...

Big Bang, when the preceding electroweak epoch ended as the electroweak interaction separated into the weak interaction and electromagnetism. During the...

charge of −⁠1/3⁠ e. All quarks are described in a similar way by electroweak interaction and quantum chromodynamics, but the bottom quark has exceptionally...

weak nuclear force are now considered to be two aspects of the electroweak interaction. Physics hopes to find an ultimate reason (theory of everything)...

Weinberg angle is a parameter in the Weinberg–Salam theory of the electroweak interaction, part of the Standard Model of particle physics, and is usually...

Ning Yang for their work on the violation of the parity law in weak interactions, which Chien-Shiung Wu experimentally proved from 1956 to 1957, with...

electromagnetic interactions and the weak interactions are unified (at very high energies only) in the theory of the electroweak interaction. The Standard...

the weak isospin coupling of the electroweak force tend to decrease, and the weak hypercharge coupling of the electroweak force tends to increase. At the...

"unbroken" electroweak Lagrangian from which one arrives at the field equations (see the article Electroweak interaction for more details). The electroweak theory...

collisions. Interactions may have been above this scale during the electroweak epoch. In the unextended Standard Model, the transition from the electroweak epoch...

gauge bosons in the electroweak interaction; the other three are denoted W+, W− and Z0 and are responsible for the weak interaction. Unlike the photon...

theory, which drives the vacuum to a symmetry-broken phase (i.e, electroweak interactions.) In dynamical gauge symmetry breaking, however, no unstable Higgs...

old. In 1935 he published his theory of mesons, which explained the interaction between protons and neutrons at Osaka Imperial University, and was a...

Martinus J. G. Veltman "for elucidating the quantum structure of electroweak interactions". His work concentrates on gauge theory, black holes, quantum gravity...