• Thumbnail for Ancient Mesopotamian underworld
    The ancient Mesopotamian underworld (known in Sumerian as Kur, Irkalla, Kukku, Arali, or Kigal, and in Akkadian as Erṣetu), was the lowermost part of...
    28 KB (3,341 words) - 06:15, 7 October 2024
  • Thumbnail for Gallu
    Gallu (category Mesopotamian underworld)
    ancient Mesopotamian religion, gallûs (also called gallas; Akkadian gallû < Sumerian gal.lu) were great demons or devils of the ancient Mesopotamian Underworld...
    4 KB (341 words) - 02:11, 6 June 2024
  • Thumbnail for Ereshkigal
    Ereshkigal (category Mesopotamian underworld)
    "Ereshkigal" as a theophoric element are known. In the ancient Sumerian poem Inanna's Descent to the Underworld, Ereshkigal is described as Inanna's older sister...
    21 KB (2,654 words) - 21:26, 19 December 2024
  • Thumbnail for Inanna
    Inanna is the ancient Mesopotamian goddess of love, war, and fertility. She is also associated with sensuality, procreation, divine law, and political...
    158 KB (18,406 words) - 20:14, 3 January 2025
  • Thumbnail for Ancient Mesopotamian religion
    Mesopotamian religion encompasses the religious beliefs (concerning the gods, creation and the cosmos, the origin of man, and so forth) and practices of...
    43 KB (5,798 words) - 00:55, 15 December 2024
  • Thumbnail for Descent of Inanna into the Underworld
    Inanna Ereshkigal Dumuzid Geshtinanna Persephone Mesopotamian mythology Ancient Mesopotamian underworld The concept of the "Me" is a uniquely Sumerian one...
    106 KB (13,902 words) - 18:14, 10 December 2024
  • Namtar (category Mesopotamian underworld)
    Namtar (Sumerian: 𒉆𒋻, lit. 'fate') was a figure in ancient Mesopotamian religion who, depending on the context, could be regarded both as a minor god...
    10 KB (1,266 words) - 15:44, 31 October 2024
  • Thumbnail for Anunnaki
    Anunnaki (category Underworld deities)
    elaborate decorative gold and silver ornaments sewn into them. The ancient Mesopotamians believed that their deities lived in Heaven, after an earlier history...
    33 KB (3,508 words) - 20:14, 3 January 2025
  • Thumbnail for Ancient Near Eastern cosmology
    include the Mesopotamian cosmologies from Babylonia, Sumer, and Akkad; the Levantine or West Semitic cosmologies from Ugarit and ancient Israel and Judah...
    93 KB (13,137 words) - 01:11, 3 January 2025
  • Thumbnail for Mesopotamian mythology
    Mesopotamian mythology refers to the myths, religious texts, and other literature that comes from the region of ancient Mesopotamia which is a historical...
    10 KB (1,430 words) - 00:59, 15 September 2024
  • Thumbnail for Mesopotamia
    evidence of trade between Mesopotamian cities. Starting in the 4th millennium BC, Mesopotamian civilizations also traded with ancient Egypt (see Egypt–Mesopotamia...
    90 KB (10,458 words) - 19:25, 29 December 2024
  • There are many references to ghosts in ancient Mesopotamian religion – the religions of Sumer, Babylon, Assyria and other early states in Mesopotamia....
    7 KB (827 words) - 13:44, 3 July 2024
  • Thumbnail for List of Mesopotamian deities
    plagues, who later became closely associated with the underworld god Nergal", Ancient Mesopotamian Gods and Goddesses, Open Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus...
    247 KB (11,060 words) - 19:14, 26 November 2024
  • Thumbnail for Fertile Crescent
    Fertile Crescent (category Ancient Near East)
    The Eastern Wing of the Fertile Crescent: Late Prehistory of Greater Mesopotamian Lithic Industries. Oxford: Archaeopress, 1999. Potts, Daniel T. (21 May...
    34 KB (3,477 words) - 11:57, 22 October 2024
  • World of Darkness (Mandaeism) (category Underworld)
    scriptures. Various beings inhabit the World of Darkness. Sheol Ancient Mesopotamian underworld Aldihisi, Sabah (2008). The story of creation in the Mandaean...
    3 KB (233 words) - 22:06, 30 October 2024
  • Ninazu (category Mesopotamian underworld)
    Ninazu (Sumerian: 𒀭𒎏𒀀𒋢; [DNIN.A.SU] "lord healer") was a Mesopotamian god of the underworld. He was also associated with snakes and vegetation, and with...
    17 KB (2,179 words) - 02:04, 2 December 2024
  • Thumbnail for Zagros Mountains
    underworld. The underworld itself is usually located even deeper below ground than the Abzu, the body of freshwater which the ancient Mesopotamians believed...
    36 KB (3,664 words) - 18:40, 1 January 2025
  • Thumbnail for Underworld
    Imagery of such journeys can be found in both ancient and modern art. The descent to the underworld has been described as "the single most important...
    14 KB (380 words) - 19:46, 14 November 2024
  • Thumbnail for Hades
    Hades (category Underworld gods)
    Greek religion and mythology, is the god of the dead and the king of the underworld, with which his name became synonymous. Hades was the eldest son of Cronus...
    84 KB (9,752 words) - 09:08, 2 January 2025
  • religion, ancient Mesopotamian religion Ancient Egypt: Ancient Egyptian religion, Atenism The Levant (Canaan, Ugarit, Ebla, Mitanni): ancient Canaanite...
    20 KB (2,527 words) - 06:50, 8 November 2024
  • Thumbnail for Timeline of Middle Eastern history
    Tukulti-Ninurta I, king of Assyria, first native Mesopotamian ruler in Babylon, took on the ancient title "King of Sumer and Akkad" 1237 BC – Battle of...
    46 KB (5,878 words) - 19:37, 2 December 2024
  • Thumbnail for Canaanite religion
    It was influenced by neighboring cultures, particularly ancient Egyptian and Mesopotamian religious practices. The pantheon was headed by the god El...
    40 KB (4,675 words) - 00:30, 30 December 2024
  • Thumbnail for Genetic history of the Middle East
    the conclusion, that "M65a, M49 and/or M61 haplogroups carrying ancient Mesopotamians might have been the merchants from India". In the 1995 book The...
    97 KB (10,965 words) - 21:39, 29 December 2024
  • Thumbnail for Dumuzid
    Dumuzid (category Underworld gods)
    Canaanites as Adon (Phoenician: 𐤀𐤃𐤍; Proto-Hebrew: 𐤀𐤃𐤍), is an ancient Mesopotamian and Levantine deity associated with agriculture and shepherds, who...
    64 KB (6,812 words) - 14:55, 25 December 2024
  • Thumbnail for List of death deities
    as "lord of the underworld" Kanisurra, a goddess whose name is derived from the term "ganzer," referring to the underworld (Mesopotamian) Shuwala, a goddess...
    29 KB (3,602 words) - 19:27, 1 November 2024
  • Thumbnail for Pazuzu
    Pazuzu (category Mesopotamian underworld)
    In ancient Mesopotamian religion, Pazuzu (Akkadian: 𒀭𒅆𒊒𒍪𒍪, romanized: pà.zu.zu) is a personification of the southwestern wind, and held kingship over...
    21 KB (2,432 words) - 22:05, 30 October 2024
  • Ancestors of Enlil (category Mesopotamian underworld)
    Ancestors of Enlil or Enki-Ninki deities were a group of Mesopotamian deities. Individual lists do not agree on their number, though the enumerations always...
    38 KB (3,719 words) - 08:04, 21 June 2024
  • Thumbnail for Ningishzida
    Ningishzida (category Underworld gods)
    possible meaning "Lord [of the] Good Tree") was a Mesopotamian deity of vegetation, the underworld and sometimes war. He was commonly associated with...
    18 KB (2,209 words) - 02:16, 4 September 2024
  • Thumbnail for Geshtinanna
    Geshtinanna (category Mesopotamian underworld)
    Geshtinanna was a Mesopotamian goddess best known due to her role in myths about the death of Dumuzi, her brother. It is not certain what functions she...
    25 KB (3,173 words) - 21:43, 14 June 2024
  • Thumbnail for History of the Middle East
    the world's oldest cultures and civilizations were created there. Since ancient times, the Middle East has had several lingua franca: Akkadian, Hebrew...
    174 KB (19,446 words) - 21:43, 3 January 2025