physics, the W and Z bosons are vector bosons that are together known as the weak bosons or more generally as the intermediate vector bosons. These elementary...

In particle physics, W′ and Z′ bosons (or W-prime and Z-prime bosons) refer to hypothetical gauge bosons that arise from extensions of the electroweak...

and the W and Z bosons have no "flavour". Even-mass-number nuclides comprise ⁠ 153 / 254 ⁠ = 60% of all stable nuclides. They are bosons, i.e. they have...

exchange of gauge bosons, usually as virtual particles. Photons, W and Z bosons, and gluons are gauge bosons. All known gauge bosons have a spin of 1;...

unknown was giving the weak force's W and Z bosons their mass, and doing it in a way that did not create Goldstone bosons. By the late 1950s and early 1960s...

vector bosons, for instance any vector meson (quark and antiquark). During the 1970s and 1980s, intermediate vector bosons (the W and Z bosons, which...

the X and Y bosons (sometimes collectively called "X bosons": 437 ) are hypothetical elementary particles analogous to the W and Z bosons, but corresponding...

Model has predicted various properties of weak neutral currents and the W and Z bosons with great accuracy. Although the Standard Model is believed to be theoretically...

can exchange three types of force carriers, namely W+, W−, and Z bosons. The masses of these bosons are far greater than the mass of a proton or neutron...

B bosons coalesce into two different physical bosons with different masses – the Z0 boson, and the photon ( γ ), ( γ Z 0 ) = ( cos ⁡ θ W sin ⁡ θ W − sin...

rest mass and cannot overlap or combine which are called fermions. The W and Z bosons, however, are an exception to this rule and have relatively large rest...

Standard Model, vector (spin-1) bosons (gluons, photons, and the W and Z bosons) mediate forces, whereas the Higgs boson (spin-0) is responsible for the...

fundamental interactions, using mediating gauge bosons. The species of gauge bosons are eight gluons, W− , W+ and Z bosons, and the photon. The Standard Model also...

atomic nuclei. The weak interaction is carried by particles called W and Z bosons, and also acts on the nucleus of atoms, mediating radioactive decay...

The longitudinal polarization components of the W and Z bosons correspond to the Goldstone bosons of the spontaneously broken part of the electroweak...

neutral (Z) boson: Z = cos ⁡ θ W W 3 − sin ⁡ θ W B {\displaystyle Z=\cos \theta _{\rm {W}}W_{3}-\sin \theta _{\rm {W}}B} The massless neutral boson: A = sin...

Higgs field mix with the three W and Z bosons ( W+ , W− and Z0 ), and are only observable as components of these weak bosons, which are made massive by their...

almost immediately. Like other massive particles (e.g. the top quark and W and Z bosons), Higgs bosons decay to other particles almost immediately, long...

of which have been confirmed experimentally. Just as the photon, Z boson and W± bosons are superpositions of the B0, W0, W1, and W2 fields, the photino...

are all bosons with spin 1. They include the photon, which carries the electromagnetic force, the gluon (strong force), and the W and Z bosons (weak force)...

negatively charged (−⁠1/3⁠ e) down quark to the positively charged (+⁠2/3⁠ e) up quark by emission of a W− boson; the W− boson subsequently decays into...

the W and Z bosons (denoted as mW and mZ), m Z = m W cos ⁡ θ w . {\displaystyle m_{\textsf {Z}}={\frac {m_{\textsf {W}}}{\,\cos \theta _{\textsf {w}}}}\...

A scalar boson is a boson whose spin equals zero. A boson is a particle whose wave function is symmetric under particle exchange and therefore follows...

also higgsinos. Note that in other SUSY models the zino ( Z͂ ) is the superpartner of the Z boson. Gauginos mix[clarification needed] with higgsinos, the...

{\displaystyle g=3} w ( 4 , 3 ) = w ( 4 , 2 ) + w ( 3 , 2 ) + w ( 2 , 2 ) + w ( 1 , 2 ) + w ( 0 , 2 ) , {\displaystyle w(4,3)=w(4,2)+w(3,2)+w(2,2)+w(1,2)+w(0,2),}...

1980s, the Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS) at CERN discovered the W boson and the Z boson, it was again felt that the discovery of the top was imminent....

temperatures.: 199  In the Standard Model of elementary particles, the W and Z bosons, which would otherwise be massless as a result of gauge symmetry, acquire...

created in particle accelerator collisions. Several bosons, including the W and Z bosons and the Higgs boson, can decay into charm quarks. All charm quarks...

reinterpretation of several known particles, including the photon, W and Z bosons, and gluon, as different states of a single particle field. However...

into an up quark by emitting a virtual W− boson, transforming the neutron into a proton ( u u d ). The W− boson then decays into an electron and an electron...