Language, Truth and Logic is a 1936 book about meaning by the philosopher Alfred Jules Ayer, in which the author defines, explains, and argues for the...

logic. It is also called (first-order) propositional logic, statement logic, sentential calculus, sentential logic, or sometimes zeroth-order logic....

Logical truth is one of the most fundamental concepts in logic. Broadly speaking, a logical truth is a statement which is true regardless of the truth or falsity...

In logic and mathematics, a truth value, sometimes called a logical value, is a value indicating the relation of a proposition to truth, which in classical...

Syntax (logic) Truth Truth value Validity Affine logic Alethic logic Aristotelian logic Boolean logic Buddhist logic Bunched logic Categorical logic Classical...

In logic, the semantics of logic or formal semantics is the study of the semantics, or interpretations, of formal languages and (idealizations of) natural...

of the language. In propositional logic, they are tautologies. A statement can be called valid, i.e. logical truth, in some systems of logic like in...

theory of truth is a theory of truth in the philosophy of language which holds that truth is a property of sentences. The semantic conception of truth, which...

In logic and semantics, the term statement is variously understood to mean either: a meaningful declarative sentence that is true or false, or a proposition...

Truth or verity is the property of being in accord with fact or reality. In everyday language, it is typically ascribed to things that aim to represent...

that a truth is analytic exactly if it can be derived using logic. However, he maintained a distinction between analytic truths (i.e., truths based only...

Philosophy of logic is the area of philosophy that studies the scope and nature of logic. It investigates the philosophical problems raised by logic, such as...

Fuzzy logic is a form of many-valued logic in which the truth value of variables may be any real number between 0 and 1. It is employed to handle the...

logic, a truth function is a function that accepts truth values as input and produces a unique truth value as output. In other words: the input and output...

concept in the philosophy of language, semantics, logic, and related fields, often characterized as the primary bearer of truth or falsity. Propositions are...

particularly in his books Language, Truth, and Logic (1936) and The Problem of Knowledge (1956). Ayer was educated at Eton College and the University of Oxford...

analysis of language. truth function A function that takes truth values as input and produces a truth value as output, used in logic to model the truth conditions...

first-order logic includes propositional logic. The truth of a formula such as "x is a philosopher" depends on which object is denoted by x and on the interpretation...

formal language. Many formal languages used in mathematics, logic, and theoretical computer science are defined in solely syntactic terms, and as such...

for the meaning of moral language in this kind of unasserted context. This problem assumes that logic only applies to real truth values. Terence Cuneo argues...

is a logical truth. Formal logic uses formal languages to express and analyze arguments. They normally have a very limited vocabulary and exact syntactic...

philosophy and logical positivism in the 20th century, the theory was stated vividly by A. J. Ayer in his 1936 book Language, Truth and Logic, but its development...

artificial intelligence, logic of information, cybernetics, social theory, ethics and the study of language and information. The logic of information, also...

conjunction, implication, and equivalence. In standard systems of classical logic, these connectives are interpreted as truth functions, though they receive...

how to represent the syntax of formal logic within first-order arithmetic. Each expression of the formal language of arithmetic is assigned a distinct...

internet-based grading service. The name is a pun derived from Language, Truth, and Logic, the philosophy book by A. J. Ayer. On September 2, 2014, there...

Language. Carnap, R., (1956). Meaning and Necessity: a Study in Semantics and Modal Logic. University of Chicago Press. Collins, John. (2001). Truth Conditions...

models of logical consequence and logical truth. Philosophical logic is understood to encompass and focus on non-classical logics, although the term has other...

In logic, syntax is anything having to do with formal languages or formal systems without regard to any interpretation or meaning given to them. Syntax...

there are three truth values indicating true, false, and some third value. This is contrasted with the more commonly known bivalent logics (such as classical...