Medieval communes in the European Middle Ages had sworn allegiances of mutual defense (both physical defense and of traditional freedoms) among the citizens...

From Commune to Signoria. Oxford: Clarendon Press Coleman, Edward (1999). "The Italian communes. Recent work and current trends". Journal of Medieval History...

Besançon Commune (1871) Strandzha Commune (1903) Morelos Commune (c. 1913–1917) Medieval commune, a form of mutual defense alliance La Commune (Paris,...

Rome#Roman Commune 14 regions of Medieval Rome "Italia città". digilander.libero.it. Retrieved 2023-11-12. Wickham, Chris (2015). Medieval Rome: Stability...

The Paris Commune (French: Commune de Paris, pronounced [kɔ.myn də pa.ʁi]) was a French revolutionary government that seized power in Paris from 18 March...

around the nearby city of Crema, as its territory. After that time, the new commune warred against nearby cities to enlarge its territory. In 1107 Cremona...

is a medieval catalog of documents concerning the Asti region. Dating to the 14th century, it describes events related to the medieval commune of Asti...

As the only surviving medieval commune in the Italian Peninsula, the history of San Marino is intertwined with the medieval, Renaissance and modern-day...

different between "town" in English and commune in French. The French word commune appeared in the 12th century, from Medieval Latin communia, for a large gathering...

The Commune of Antioch was a medieval commune in the Principality of Antioch. It was formed in 1194 in the courthouse of the Church of Saint Peter by...

are still heavily based on medieval Roman law, such as Scots property law. David John Ibbetson, Common Law and Ius Commune, p. 20 (2001) F.W. Maitland...

stratification Gemütlichkeit Gentrification Grand Burgher (German Großbürger) Medieval commune Habitus (sociology) Hipster (contemporary subculture) Homo economicus...

period of the free medieval commune, between the 12th and 14th centuries, there was a greater architectural development when many medieval houses filled not...

broletto (administrative building) of the medieval commune of Milan. The bas relief is reportedly a medieval copy of an older one, found during the excavations...

The Republic of Ancona was a medieval commune and maritime republic on the Adriatic coast of modern-day Italy, notable for its economic development and...

1000 that mark the end of the early Middle Ages: the rise of the medieval communes, the reawakening of city life, and the appearance of the burgher class...

of the signoria is a phase often associated with the decline of the medieval commune system of government and the rise of the dynastic state. In this context...

distinct form of nomadic pastoralism called transhumance, whereas in the medieval times it had socio-political dimension, and significance in social and...

church is a powerfully austere example of Romanesque architecture. Medieval commune Sant'Emiliano in Congiuntoli - Official website Sant'Emiliano in Congiuntoli...

residue of municipal institutions and the supreme body took the name of Serenissima Signoria. Medieval commune Italian city-states Venetian nobility v t e...

and later, after a long period as a flourishing trading and banking medieval commune, it was the birthplace of the Italian Renaissance. It was politically...

ancient bridges there, remains of which still exist. However, the Medieval commune truly began in the early Middle Ages. It is commonly remembered that...

Hanseatic League Imperial immediacy Interrex List of German monarchs Medieval commune Prince-elector Städtebund Translatio imperii Western Schism Wilson...

2021. Retrieved 14 February 2021. J.K. Hyde (1972). "Commune, University, and Society in Early Medieval Bologna". In John W. Baldwin; Richard A. Goldthwaite...

The Château de Castelnaud is a medieval fortress in the commune of Castelnaud-la-Chapelle, overlooking the river Dordogne in Périgord, southern France...

manner to the ancient Roman vexillum. It was first adopted by Italian medieval communes, and later, by local guilds, corporations and districts. The difference...

beginning in the 10th century and was governed from 1115 by an autonomous medieval commune. But the period of revival was interrupted when the city was plunged...

commune of Sion comprises also of a counsel of public rights of the medieval commune, the Bourgeoisie, who protect the rights of the original inhabitants...

doi:10.2307/2852358. JSTOR 2852358. S2CID 163062610. ——— (1967). "The Medieval Commune and Internal Violence: Police Power and Public Safety in Siena, 1287-1355"...

Medieval fortification Medieval Christianity[broken anchor] Medieval climate Medieval Warm Period Medieval communes Medieval chronological timeline Crisis...