quantum field theory and string theory models of the early universe. The prototypical example of a field theory with cosmic strings is the Abelian Higgs...

plausible mechanism for cosmic inflation. While there has been progress toward these goals, it is not known to what extent string theory describes the real...

distinguishes the string from one with the opposite orientation. By contrast, an unoriented string is one with no such arrow on it. Cosmic strings Elementary...

coordinate system is used. An example of such a conical singularity is a cosmic string and a Schwarzschild black hole. Solutions to the equations of general...

practical electrocardiogram (ECG) String sign, a medical term used in diagnosing hypertrophy pyloric stenosis Cosmic string, a hypothetical 1-dimensional...

landscape", JHEP 03, 002 (2018), arXiv:1712.01399 . L. Susskind, The cosmic landscape: string theory and the illusion of intelligent design (Little, Brown, 2005)...

would be detectable by LIGO and similar experiments. Topological defect Cosmic string Membrane (M-theory) Gravitational singularity Hearing the signals of...

two-dimensional creatures are heading for a cosmic string, with the Enterprise in tow, and that once they reach the string the ship will be torn apart. Realizing...

who is paired up with Yo-Yo, a yo-yo that has been given life by a cosmic string. The main Story Mode is split up into several levels across various...

The cosmic microwave background (CMB, CMBR), or relic radiation, is microwave radiation that fills all space in the observable universe. With a standard...

The history of string theory spans several decades of intense research including two superstring revolutions. Through the combined efforts of many researchers...

In physical cosmology, cosmic inflation, cosmological inflation, or just inflation, is a theory of exponential expansion of space in the very early universe...

super-galactic clusters. Astronomy portal List of largest cosmic structures CMB cold spot Cosmic string Galaxy filament The Giant Arc Big Ring Large-scale structure...

Bosonic string theory is the original version of string theory, developed in the late 1960s and named after Satyendra Nath Bose. It is so called because...

coupling. Applied to the strong interaction, it led to the development of string theory. S-matrix theory was largely abandoned by physicists in the 1970s...

is a shorthand for supersymmetric string theory because unlike bosonic string theory, it is the version of string theory that accounts for both fermions...

confirmed by the success of Big Bang nucleosynthesis and the discovery of the cosmic microwave background in 1964. The Big Bang model rests on two theoretical...

Dark nebulae Molecular cloud Bok globule Proplyd H I region Cosmic scale CMB Cosmic string (hypothet.) Dark matter MACHO WIMP Domain wall (hypothet.) Dust...

geometrically but are nevertheless equivalent when employed as extra dimensions of string theory. Early cases of mirror symmetry were discovered by physicists. Mathematicians...

theory. Edward Witten first conjectured the existence of such a theory at a string theory conference at the University of Southern California in 1995. Witten's...

physics, type II string theory is a unified term that includes both type IIA strings and type IIB strings theories. Type II string theory accounts for...

In string theory, a worldsheet is a two-dimensional manifold which describes the embedding of a string in spacetime. The term was coined by Leonard Susskind...

a hypothetical circular cosmic string loop stabilized by the angular momentum of the charge and current trapped on the string. Davis, R. L.; Shellard...

Susskind is the author of several popular science books. The Cosmic Landscape: String Theory and the Illusion of Intelligent Design is Susskind's first...

Henry; Wasserman, Ira; Wyman, Mark (2003). "Observational constraints on cosmic string production during brane inflation". Physical Review D. 68 (2): 023506...

Look up brane in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. In string theory and related theories (such as supergravity theories), a brane is a physical object that...

Asieh; Rostami, Tahereh (2020). "Vacuum decay in the presence of a cosmic string". Physical Review D. 101 (10): 104036. arXiv:2002.04856. Bibcode:2020PhRvD...

considered the worldvolume theory of a large number of D0-branes in Type IIA string theory. In geometry, it is often useful to introduce coordinates. For example...

observable are the cosmic neutrino background from about two seconds after the Big Bang (and a redshift in excess of z > 1010) and the cosmic gravitational...

and phenomena that originate outside the atmosphere of Earth (such as the cosmic background radiation). Astrodynamics – application of ballistics and celestial...