An exotic atom is an otherwise normal atom in which one or more sub-atomic particles have been replaced by other particles of the same charge. For example...

Atoms are the basic particles of the chemical elements. An atom consists of a nucleus of protons and generally neutrons, surrounded by an electromagnetically...

Euclidean space R4 Exotic sphere, a differentiable n-manifold, homeomorphic but not diffeomorphic to the ordinary n-sphere Exotic atom, an atom with one or more...

dramatic changes in its physical or chemical properties. Degenerate matter Exotic atoms Negative mass would possess some strange properties, such as accelerating...

Muonium (/ˈmjuːoʊniəm/) is an exotic atom made up of an antimuon and an electron, which was discovered in 1960 by Vernon W. Hughes and is given the chemical...

an electron and its anti-particle, a positron, bound together into an exotic atom, specifically an onium. Unlike hydrogen, the system has no protons. The...

Laser cooling includes several techniques where atoms, molecules, and small mechanical systems are cooled with laser light. The directed energy of lasers...

consequence of lepton universality. The tau lepton is predicted to form exotic atoms like other charged subatomic particles. One of such consists of an antitau...

nucleus of atoms. Instead, it binds a random electron and with this electron forms an exotic atom known as muonium (mu) atom. In this atom, the muon acts...

into common use in this context. The rules above do not always apply to exotic atoms which contain short-lived elementary particles other than protons, neutrons...

Pn)[citation needed], also known as antiprotonic hydrogen, is a type of exotic atom in which a proton (symbol: p) and an antiproton (symbol: p) are bound...

charge radius measurement via the Lamb shift in muonic hydrogen (an exotic atom made of a proton and a negatively charged muon). As a muon is 200 times...

Positronium hydride, or hydrogen positride is an exotic molecule consisting of a hydrogen atom bound to an exotic atom of positronium (that is a combination of...

quarkonium atoms. Leptonic atoms, named using -onium, are exotic atoms constituted by the bound state of a lepton and an antilepton. Examples of such atoms include...

A hydrogen-like atom (or hydrogenic atom) is any atom or ion with a single valence electron. These atoms are isoelectronic with hydrogen. Examples of hydrogen-like...

of exotic atom. Analogous transformations known to exist in the real world are redox chemistry, which can manipulate the oxidation states of atoms; excitation...

phonon is a collective excitation in a periodic, elastic arrangement of atoms or molecules in condensed matter, specifically in solids and some liquids...

In physics, a subatomic particle is a particle smaller than an atom. According to the Standard Model of particle physics, a subatomic particle can be either...

of any experimentally produced matter–antimatter bound state. These exotic atoms can be produced by simply mixing antiprotons with ordinary helium gas;...

manner described by Bose–Einstein statistics: for example a gas of helium-4 atoms becomes a superfluid at temperatures close to absolute zero. Similarly,...

composed of atoms, which are made up of interacting subatomic particles, and in everyday as well as scientific usage, matter generally includes atoms and anything...

Kaonium is an exotic atom consisting of a bound state of a positively charged and a negatively charged kaon. Kaonium has not been observed experimentally...

In particle physics, true muonium is a theoretically predicted exotic atom representing a bound state of an muon and an antimuon (μ+μ−). The existence...

single particle orbiting a nucleus, for example a He+ ion or a muonium exotic atom. The equation must be modified based on the system's Bohr radius; emissions...

small, dense region consisting of protons and neutrons at the center of an atom, discovered in 1911 by Ernest Rutherford based on the 1909 Geiger–Marsden...

related to exotic hadrons such as mesonic molecules and pentaquark states. Look up onium in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Exotic atom Exciton — solid-state...

A molecule is a group of two or more atoms held together by attractive forces known as chemical bonds; depending on context, the term may or may not include...

Kaonic hydrogen is an exotic atom consisting of a negatively charged kaon orbiting a proton. Such particles were first identified, through their X-ray...

later in the decade ruled out the existence of such states. Results from exotic atoms containing a Σ− bound to a nucleus by the electromagnetic force have...

neutrons and electrons. By modifying the particles inside a normal atom, exotic atoms can be formed. A simple example would be the hydrogen-4.1, which has...