data shows. That is, a misuse of statistics occurs when a statistical argument asserts a falsehood. In some cases, the misuse may be accidental. In others...

entrenched beliefs. Biased search for information, biased interpretation of this information, and biased memory recall, have been invoked to explain four...

kinds of lies: lies, damned lies, and statistics". Misuse of statistics can be both inadvertent and intentional, and the book How to Lie with Statistics, by...

breezy illustrated volume outlining the misuse of statistics and errors in the interpretation of statistics, and how errors create incorrect conclusions...

and statistics" is a phrase describing the persuasive power of statistics to bolster weak arguments, "one of the best, and best-known" critiques of applied...

Misuse of p-values is common in scientific research and scientific education. p-values are often used or interpreted incorrectly; the American Statistical...

Misconceptions about the normal distribution Misuse of statistics Mixed data sampling Mixed-design analysis of variance Mixed model Mixing (mathematics)...

analysis wherein the effect of an immediate change to a system is calculated without regard to the longer-term response of the system to that change. If...

research has suffered from bias, problematic reproducibility, and misuse of statistics. These findings have led to calls for reform from within and from...

Simpson's paradox has been used to illustrate the kind of misleading results that the misuse of statistics can generate. Edward H. Simpson first described this...

because of corrective actions taken while it was abnormal. This fails to account for natural fluctuations. It is frequently a special kind of the post...

changing the rules of the game is that the meaning of the result is changed, too. Some include this metaphor as description of the tactics of harassment. In...

Cherry picking, suppressing evidence, or the fallacy of incomplete evidence is the act of pointing to individual cases or data that seem to confirm a particular...

comprises thirteen data sets that have nearly identical simple descriptive statistics to two decimal places, yet have very different distributions and appear...

dredging – Misuse of data analysis Testing hypotheses suggested by the data – Problem of circular reasoning in statistics Bible code – Purported set of secret...

result in an overestimation of the method's generalizability to diverse educational settings. Misuse of statistics Robust statistics Statistical hypothesis...

Data dredging (also known as data snooping or p-hacking) is the misuse of data analysis to find patterns in data that can be presented as statistically...

drowning were common methods of suicide in Taiwan, indicating the potential risks of type I and type II errors and misuse of statistics within the government's...

representative of a typical experience. Accurate determination of whether an anecdote is typical requires statistical evidence. Misuse of anecdotal evidence...

In statistics, a misleading graph, also known as a distorted graph, is a graph that misrepresents data, constituting a misuse of statistics and with the...

In statistics, hypotheses suggested by a given dataset, when tested with the same dataset that suggested them, are likely to be accepted even when they...

In statistics, sampling bias is a bias in which a sample is collected in such a way that some members of the intended population have a lower or higher...

simple descriptive statistics, yet have very different distributions and appear very different when graphed. Each dataset consists of eleven (x, y) points...

Confusion of the inverse, also called the conditional probability fallacy or the inverse fallacy, is a logical fallacy whereupon a conditional probability...

Correlation fallacy Complete spatial randomness Ecological regression Misuse of statistics Modifiable areal unit problem Spatial autocorrelation Spatial epidemiology...

study a postulated effect, it is a misuse of statistics to initially reduce the complete dataset by selecting a subset of data in ways that are aligned to...

convictions for murder. Despite having fundamental misunderstandings of statistics, he presented himself as an expert in the field. Meadow's miscalculations...

statistical basis for Meadow's claim, and expressed concern at the "misuse of statistics in the courts". Clark was convicted in November 1999. The convictions...

applicable to a wide variety of academic disciplines, from the physical and social sciences to the humanities; it is also used and misused for making informed...

The tyranny of averages is a phrase used in applied statistics to describe the often overlooked fact that the mean does not provide any information about...