Proto-punk (or protopunk) is rock music from the 1960s to mid-1970s that foreshadowed the punk rock movement. A retrospective label, the musicians involved...

of languages related through descent from a common ancestor, called the proto-language of that family. The term family is a metaphor borrowed from biology...

Proto-Afroasiatic (PAA), also known as Proto-Hamito-Semitic, Proto-Semito-Hamitic, and Proto-Afrasian, is the reconstructed proto-language from which...

specifically developed for each of the languages—Proto-Turkic, Proto-Mongolic, Proto-Tungusic, Middle Korean and Proto-Japonic— indicated support for the Altaic...

The Proto-Uralic homeland is the earliest location in which the Proto-Uralic language was spoken, before its speakers dispersed geographically causing...

languages, and can therefore be reconstructed for Proto-Arawakan. The table below shows the likely forms of Proto-Arawakan: The Arawak word for maize is marisi...

the original Indo-Uralic speakers lived north of the Caspian Sea, and the Proto-Indo-European speakers began as a group that branched off westward from...

ancient Roman writers referred to the ancestors of Slavs as Venedi. The proto-Slavic term Slav shares roots with Slavic terms for speech, word , and perhaps...

characters used to write reconstructed Proto-Indo-European words (for an explanation of the notation, see Proto-Indo-European phonology). Without proper...

Proto-Iroquoian is the theoretical proto-language of the Iroquoian languages. Lounsbury (1961) estimated from glottochronology a time depth of 3,500 to...

reconstructions, that proto-words are unreliable or inaccurate, or that apparent phonetic similarities among them reflect chance sound resemblances." On...

reconstructed to Proto-Uralo-Siberian, along with their reflexes in Proto-Uralic, Proto-Chukotko-Kamchatkan (sometimes Proto-Chukchi), and Proto-Eskaleut (sometimes...

Some scholars assume the development of primitive language-like systems (proto-language) as early as Homo habilis, while others place the development of...

the German linguist Otto Dempwolff. It included a reconstruction of the Proto-Austronesian lexicon. The term Austronesian was coined (as German austronesisch)...

(1981), Moroder’s "From Here to Eternity" (1977), and Manuel Göttsching's "proto-techno masterpiece" E2-E4 (1981). The Eurodisco song I Feel Love, produced...

Volume 1: From Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Tocharian. New Haven, CT: American Oriental Society. ISBN 0940490803. Ringe, Don (2006). From Proto-Indo-European...

Nadir's Big Chance is the fifth solo album by Peter Hammill, released on Charisma Records in 1975. It was recorded shortly after a decision to re-form...

Shomarka O.Y. Keita – "The Early Dispersions of Homo Sapiens sapiens and proto-Human from Africa." in Mother Tongue, issue XVIII, p. 143–188, 2013, where...

changes from the proto-language to known modern languages, and regular sound changes from Proto-Ural–Altaic to give Proto-Uralic and Proto-Altaic words should...

called AD, and pursued a solo career. Livgren later formed a band called Proto-Kaw, which released new material until 2011. As the primary songwriter for...

plateau by the Iranians, who were closely related to the Indo-Aryans. The Proto-Indo-Iranian culture, which gave rise to the Indo-Aryans and Iranians, developed...

innovations shared with West Germanic: The retraction of Proto-Germanic ē (/ɛː/, also written ǣ) to ā. Proto-Germanic *jērą 'year' > Northwest Germanic *jārą...

due to mutual lexical borrowing, genetic inheritance, or chance resemblances. Below are Proto-Guahiban reconstructions by Christian and Matteson (1972):...

cannot be dismissed as chance similarities, then it must be assumed that they descend from a single parent language called the 'proto-language'. A sequence...

Chitimacha, Cuitlatec, Haida, Kutenai, Proto-Caddoan, Proto-Chimakuan, Proto-Comecrudan, Proto-Iroquoian, Proto-Muskogean, Proto-Siouan-Catawba, Tonkawa, Waikuri...

a wide variety of ways in modern popular culture. The name stems from a Proto-Germanic form reconstructed as *rūnō, which may be translated as 'secret...

wing, the Viceroy, the Marquis de Mancera, provided Sor Juana with the chance to prove her intelligence. She exceeded all expectations, and legitimized...

music on Chance of Rain as proto-absolute and post-ambient. All tracks are written by Laurel Halo Credits adapted from liner notes of Chance of Rain....

accompanied by Shaw. David wakes the Engineer from stasis and speaks to him in Proto-Indo-European to try to explain what Weyland wants. The Engineer responds...

rejected the view of Empedocles that living creatures might have originated by chance. Other Greek philosophers, such as Zeno of Citiumm the founder of the Stoic...