Homoplasy, in biology and phylogenetics, is the term used to describe a feature that has been gained or lost independently in separate lineages over the...

– 1 − (observed homoplasy excess) / (maximum homoplasy excess). A value of 1 indicates no homoplasy; 0 represents as much homoplasy as there would be...

Parallel homoplasy – derived trait present in two groups or species without a common ancestor due to convergent evolution. Reverse homoplasy – trait present...

Parallel Homoplasy – derived trait present in two groups or species without a common ancestor due to convergent evolution. Reverse Homoplasy – trait present...

homology and homoplasy. Homology between features indicates that those features have been derived from a common ancestor. Alternatively, homoplasy between...

Charles A.; Fleagle, John G. (1999). "The recognition and evaluation of homoplasy in primate and human evolution". American Journal of Physical Anthropology...

PMID 22431965. Michael S. Y. Lee; Adam M. Yates (27 June 2018). "Tip-dating and homoplasy: reconciling the shallow molecular divergences of modern gharials with...

evolutionary history – such as those evolved separately in different groups (homoplasies) or those left over from ancestors (plesiomorphies) – and derived characters...

"Key characters uniting hemichordates and chordates: homologies or homoplasies?". Canadian Journal of Zoology. 83: 8–23. doi:10.1139/Z04-158. Archived...

S2CID 84287895. Archie, James W (1989). "Homoplasy Excess Ratios: New Indices for Measuring Levels of Homoplasy in Phylogenetic Systematics and a Critique...

term is often applied to groups that share similar features known as homoplasies, which are explained as a result of convergent evolution. The arrangement...

would be expected to evolve under different selective regimes, so that homoplasy (false homology) would be unlikely to result from natural selection. When...

an error based on both groups' strong diving adaptations, which are homoplasies. On the other hand, different DNA sequence datasets do not agree in detail...

ancestor of those groups. The cladistic term for the same phenomenon is homoplasy. The recurrent evolution of flight is a classic example, as flying insects...

of factors, including difficulties in selecting appropriate outgroups, homoplasy in morphological character states, slow rates of molecular evolution important...

"wing" involves both the forelimb and the hindlimb. Analogy is called homoplasy in cladistics, and convergent or parallel evolution in evolutionary biology...

Coates, Michael I. (2014). "The origins of adipose fins: an analysis of homoplasy and the serial homology of vertebrate appendages". Proceedings of the...

some character that disagrees with the species tree it might reflect homoplasy (multiple independent origins of the character or a single origin followed...

on auditory characters in their petrosal bones, but this link may be a homoplasy. Desmostylians, traditionally considered tethytheres, have been tentatively...

Recuero, Ernesto; Rodríguez-Flores, Paula C.; García-París, Mario (2022). "Homoplasy and morphological stasis revealed through multilocus phylogeny of new...

substitutions on the same site, or back mutations, all of which result in homoplasies. For morphological data, unfortunately, the only objective way to determine...

features with single origins (Homology) from those with multiple origins (Homoplasy). Cladistics Comparative Anatomy Evolution Evolutionary Biology Systematics...

maximum-parsimony criterion, the optimal tree will minimize the amount of homoplasy (i.e., convergent evolution, parallel evolution, and evolutionary reversals)...

fossils elsewhere. However, O'Brien et al. (2016) posit that the supposed homoplasy between the genera is controversial, as it is asserted that is not necessarily...

homologous with ours. A character state is homoplastic or "an instance of homoplasy" if it is shared by two or more organisms but is absent from their common...

2003). "Descent with modification: the unity underlying homology and homoplasy as seen through an analysis of development and evolution". Biological...

environments, and that is the unusually high levels of morphological homoplasy between lineages. This in fact has made classifying brown algae difficult...

(1996-01-01). "Patterns of homoplasy in behavioral evolution". In Sanderson, Michael J.; Hufford, Larry (eds.). Homoplasy. Academic Press. pp. 245–269...

features in non-avian theropod dinosaurs: Taxonomic potential, degree of homoplasy, and major evolutionary trends". Palaeontologia Electronica. 22 (3): 1–110...

S2CID 7254442. Lee, Michael S. Y.; Yates, Adam M. (27 June 2018). "Tip-dating and homoplasy: reconciling the shallow molecular divergences of modern gharials with...