In regression analysis, a dummy variable (also known as indicator variable or just dummy) is one that takes a binary value (0 or 1) to indicate the absence...

colloqually that the variable represents or denotes the object, and that the object is the value of the variable. Originally, the term "variable" was used primarily...

A variable is considered dependent if it depends on an independent variable. Dependent variables are studied under the supposition or demand that they...

controlling for a variable means binning data according to measured values of the variable. This is typically done so that the variable can no longer act...

causal inference, a confounder is a variable that influences both the dependent variable and independent variable, causing a spurious association. Confounding...

In mathematics and statistics, a quantitative variable may be continuous or discrete if they are typically obtained by measuring or counting, respectively...

probability theory and statistics, a collection of random variables is independent and identically distributed if each random variable has the same probability...

independent variable and a dependent variable via the inclusion of a third hypothetical variable, known as a mediator variable (also a mediating variable, intermediary...

Multivariate statistics is a subdivision of statistics encompassing the simultaneous observation and analysis of more than one outcome variable, i.e., multivariate...

Aggregate pattern Akaike information criterion Algebra of random variables Algebraic statistics Algorithmic inference Algorithms for calculating variance All...

normalization involve only a rescaling, to arrive at values relative to some size variable. In terms of levels of measurement, such ratios only make sense for ratio...

relationship between the two variables. Applied statistics, sometimes referred to as Statistical science, comprises descriptive statistics and the application...

and the random variables which they describe underlies the mathematical discipline of probability theory, and the science of statistics. There is spread...

A random variable (also called random quantity, aleatory variable, or stochastic variable) is a mathematical formalization of a quantity or object which...

science, a variable may be said to be either free or bound. Some older books use the terms real variable and apparent variable for free variable and bound...

In statistics and regression analysis, moderation (also known as effect modification) occurs when the relationship between two variables depends on a...

In statistics, a categorical variable (also called qualitative variable) is a variable that can take on one of a limited, and usually fixed, number of...

and statistics, a normal distribution or Gaussian distribution is a type of continuous probability distribution for a real-valued random variable. The...

In statistics and social sciences, an antecedent variable is a variable that cannot help to explain the apparent relationship (or part of the relationship)...

In statistics, a proxy or proxy variable is a variable that is not in itself directly relevant, but that serves in place of an unobservable or immeasurable...

than one variable, descriptive statistics may be used to describe the relationship between pairs of variables. In this case, descriptive statistics include:...

In statistics, a spurious relationship or spurious correlation is a mathematical relationship in which two or more events or variables are associated...

In statistics, omitted-variable bias (OVB) occurs when a statistical model leaves out one or more relevant variables. The bias results in the model attributing...

in mathematical logic and related domains and binary variable in statistics. A discrete variable that can take only one state contains zero information...

reflecting the comparative importance of the predictor variables." In mathematical statistics, a random variable X is standardized by subtracting its expected...

probability and statistics, the truncated normal distribution is the probability distribution derived from that of a normally distributed random variable by bounding...

function. A related concept in statistics is that of a dummy variable. (This must not be confused with "dummy variables" as that term is usually used in...

In statistics, correlation or dependence is any statistical relationship, whether causal or not, between two random variables or bivariate data. Although...

In statistics, the delta method is a method of deriving the asymptotic distribution of a random variable. It is applicable when the random variable being...

Look up hidden variable in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Hidden variable may refer to: Confounding, in statistics, an extraneous variable in a statistical...