for the same thing are global mean surface temperature (GMST) or global average surface temperature. Series of reliable temperature measurements in some...

significant influence on unforced global mean surface air temperature variability in climate models: Origin of global temperature variability". Journal of Geophysical...

of temperatures across the entire global surface. Different meteorological organizations have used respective base periods for global mean surface temperature...

a view to understanding the influence of surface temperatures on personal comfort. Mean radiant temperature has been both qualitatively defined and quantitatively...

20 July 2011. "GISS Surface Temperature Analysis (v4)". NASA. Retrieved 12 January 2024. "Global Annual Mean Surface Air Temperature Change". NASA. Archived...

that global temperature showed significant increases overall. By the 1970s, scientists were becoming increasingly aware that estimates of global temperatures...

abbreviation MAAT is often used for Mean Annual Air Temperature of a geographical location. The temperature of the air near the surface of the Earth is measured...

Sea surface temperature (or ocean surface temperature) is the temperature of ocean water close to the surface. The exact meaning of surface varies in...

quasi-global records start in 1850. Temperatures on other time scales are explained in global surface temperature. Global temperature can have different definitions...

change in globally averaged surface temperatures. In the current episode of global warming many such 15-year periods appear in the surface temperature record...

Hockey stick graphs present the global or hemispherical mean temperature record of the past 500 to 2000 years as shown by quantitative climate reconstructions...

the global mean surface temperature record since about 1850 is the result of solar variations: "The observed rapid rise in global mean temperatures seen...

Maximum (Oi1), which lasted for about 200,000 years. After Oi1, global mean surface temperature continued to decrease gradually during the Rupelian Age. Another...

one in the Solar System sustaining liquid surface water. Almost all of Earth's water is contained in its global ocean, covering 70.8% of Earth's crust....

slightly less active than cycle 14 on average), yet the global mean air surface temperature is more than 1 degree Celsius higher for cycle 24 than cycle...

anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions. Projected changes in global mean surface temperature and sea level are given in the main RCP article. The IPCC Fifth...

the Jurassic) are open issues. A study in 2020 estimated the global mean surface temperature (GMST) with 66% confidence during the latest Paleocene (c....

equilibrium temperature differs from the global mean temperature and surface air temperature, which are measured observationally by satellites or surface-based...

The ocean temperature plays a crucial role in the global climate system, ocean currents and for marine habitats. It varies depending on depth, geographical...

GMST may refer to: Global mean surface temperature, sometimes abbreviated as Global surface temperature (GST) Greenwich Mean Sidereal Time, a time scale...

a result, global warming of about 1.2 °C (2.2 °F) has occurred since the Industrial Revolution, with the global average surface temperature increasing...

confidence that models reproduce the general features of the global-scale annual mean surface temperature increase over the historical period". However, the report...

Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is a global climate phenomenon that emerges from variations in winds and sea surface temperatures over the tropical Pacific Ocean...

original on 2021-11-21. Retrieved 2021-04-17. "Review of "Global mean surface temperature and climate sensitivity of the EECO, PETM and latest Paleocene""...

Many weather records are measured under specific conditions—such as surface temperature and wind speed—to keep consistency among measurements around the...

using global mean surface air temperature (GSAT); or 770 and 570 GtCO2, for 50% and 66% probabilities, using global mean surface temperature (GMST))...

an extremely high global mean surface temperature, which has been estimated to be anywhere between 23.2 and 29.7 °C, with the mean estimate being around...

the average global temperature during the warmest 200 year period of the HCO, around 6,500 years ago, was around 0.7 °C warmer than the mean for nineteenth...

High-temperature superconductors (high-Tc or HTS) are defined as materials with critical temperature (the temperature below which the material behaves...

S.; Heiri, Oliver; Davis, Basil (30 June 2020). "Holocene global mean surface temperature, a multi-method reconstruction approach". Scientific Data....