The bottom quark, beauty quark, or b quark, is an elementary particle of the third generation. It is a heavy quark with a charge of −⁠1/3⁠ e. All quarks...

and strong interactions. The antiparticle of the up quark is the up antiquark (sometimes called antiup quark or simply antiup), which differs from it...

down ( d ), strange ( s ), charm ( c ), bottom ( b ), and top ( t ). Antiparticles of quarks are called antiquarks, and are denoted by a bar over the symbol...

strong interactions. The antiparticle of the strange quark is the strange antiquark (sometimes called antistrange quark or simply antistrange), which differs...

classification scheme for hadrons in terms of their valence quarks—the quarks and antiquarks that give rise to the quantum numbers of the hadrons. The quark model...

suggested that the particle was composed of a charm quark and a charm antiquark whose spins were aligned in parallel. The two called this configuration...

and strong interactions. The antiparticle of the down quark is the down antiquark (sometimes called antidown quark or simply antidown), which differs from...

number of charmed and bottom baryons have also been observed. Pentaquarks consist of four valence quarks and one valence antiquark. Other exotic baryons...

to the rhenium atom mass. The antiparticle of the top quark is the top antiquark (symbol: t, sometimes called antitop quark or simply antitop), which differs...

hadronic subatomic particle composed of an equal number of quarks and antiquarks, usually one of each, bound together by the strong interaction. Because...

composed of a bottom antiquark and either an up ( B+ ), down ( B0 ), strange ( B0 s) or charm quark ( B+ c). The combination of a bottom antiquark and a top...

in each process have opposite chirality, u is an up quark, d is a down antiquark, and e+ is a positron. A Y boson would have the following three decay...

terms of valence quarks, an antiproton consists of two up antiquarks and one down antiquark ( u u d ). The properties of the antiproton that have been...

is composed of antiquarks, while neutrons are composed of quarks. The antineutron consists of one up antiquark and two down antiquarks. The antineutron...

quarks and leptons but not antiquarks or antileptons), and whether other places are almost entirely antimatter (antiquarks and antileptons) instead. In...

enough distance, it becomes energetically more favorable to pull a quark–antiquark pair out of the vacuum rather than increase the length of the flux tube...

are understood to be bound states of a strange quark (or antiquark) and an up or down antiquark (or quark). Kaons have proved to be a copious source of...

mesons, made of an even number of quarks (usually two: one quark and one antiquark). Protons and neutrons (which make the majority of the mass of an atom)...

corresponding antiparticle, the antiproton, is made of two up antiquarks and one down antiquark. Baryons participate in the residual strong force, which is...

subatomic particles: π0 , π+ , and π− . Each pion consists of a quark and an antiquark and is therefore a meson. Pions are the lightest mesons and, more generally...

particles are vector bosons, for instance any vector meson (quark and antiquark). During the 1970s and 1980s, intermediate vector bosons (the W and Z...

states, which are made of a heavy quark such as the charm or bottom quark and its antiquark. (Top quarks are so heavy that they decay through the weak force...

particle is a "doubly strange" baryon containing two strange quarks and a bottom quark. A discovery of this particle was first claimed in September 2008...

24 different fermions. There are six quarks (up, down, strange, charm, bottom and top), and six leptons (electron, electron neutrino, muon, muon neutrino...

listed in the table; however, they simply would have all quarks changed to antiquarks, and Q, B, S, C, B′, T, would be of opposite signs. I, J, and P values...

antiparticle and has an electric charge of +1 e. Isolated quarks and antiquarks have never been detected, a fact explained by confinement. Every quark...

Up (quark antiquark) Down (quark antiquark) Charm (quark antiquark) Strange (quark antiquark) Top (quark antiquark) Bottom (quark antiquark) Leptons Electron...

containing an even number of quarks (almost always 2, one quark and one antiquark), of which the pions and kaons are the best known. Except for the proton...

Up (quark antiquark) Down (quark antiquark) Charm (quark antiquark) Strange (quark antiquark) Top (quark antiquark) Bottom (quark antiquark) Leptons Electron...

antiparticle Delta states with opposite charges, made up of the corresponding antiquarks. The states were established experimentally at the University of Chicago...