−⁠1/3⁠ e. Antiquarks have the opposite charge to their corresponding quarks; up-type antiquarks have charges of −⁠2/3⁠ e and down-type antiquarks have charges...

classification scheme for hadrons in terms of their valence quarks—the quarks and antiquarks that give rise to the quantum numbers of the hadrons. The quark model...

(three antiquarks) have a baryon number of −1. Exotic hadrons like pentaquarks (four quarks, one antiquark) and tetraquarks (two quarks, two antiquarks) are...

corresponding antiparticle, the antiproton, is made of two up-antiquarks and one down-antiquark. As of August 2015, there are two known pentaquarks, P+ c(4380)...

hadronic subatomic particle composed of an equal number of quarks and antiquarks, usually one of each, bound together by the strong interaction. Because...

is composed of antiquarks, while neutrons are composed of quarks. The antineutron consists of one up antiquark and two down antiquarks. The antineutron...

the difference between the number of top quarks (t) and number of top antiquarks (t) present in a particle: T = n t − n t ¯ {\displaystyle T=n_{\text{t}}-n_{\bar...

antiparticle and has an electric charge of +1 e. Isolated quarks and antiquarks have never been detected, a fact explained by confinement. Every quark...

and strong interactions. The antiparticle of the up quark is the up antiquark (sometimes called antiup quark or simply antiup), which differs from it...

and antiquarks than would be possible in proton–proton collisions. This is because the valence quarks in the proton, and the valence antiquarks in the...

one quark and one antiquark (mesons), only integer charge is observed in nature. Their respective antiparticles are the antiquarks, which are identical...

significance of 15σ. In theory, heptaquarks (5 quarks, 2 antiquarks), nonaquarks (6 quarks, 3 antiquarks), etc. could also exist. Nearly all matter that may...

Okun. Nearly all composite particles contain multiple quarks (and/or antiquarks) bound together by gluons (with a few exceptions with no quarks, such...

quantum number reflecting the difference between the number of bottom antiquarks (n b ) and the number of bottom quarks (n b ) that are present in a particle:...

with an antiquark (which more rarely could be a sea quark) to produce a gluon, after which the gluon together with the remaining quarks, antiquarks, and...

is composed of three antiquarks, one each of antired, antigreen and antiblue. A meson is made from one quark and one antiquark; the quark can be any...

suggested that the particle was composed of a charm quark and a charm antiquark whose spins were aligned in parallel. The two called this configuration...

quark and one antiquark. Baryons and mesons are both hadrons, which are particles composed solely of quarks or both quarks and antiquarks. The term baryon...

quarks and leptons but not antiquarks or antileptons), and whether other places are almost entirely antimatter (antiquarks and antileptons) instead. In...

strong interactions. The antiparticle of the strange quark is the strange antiquark (sometimes called antistrange quark or simply antistrange), which differs...

number of strange quarks ( s ) and ns̅ represents the number of strange antiquarks ( s ). This quantum number was introduced by Murray Gell-Mann. This definition...

to the rhenium atom mass. The antiparticle of the top quark is the top antiquark (symbol: t, sometimes called antitop quark or simply antitop), which differs...

representing the difference between the number of charm quarks ( c ) and charm antiquarks ( c ) that are present in a particle: C = n c − n c ¯   {\displaystyle...

of a bottom antiquark and either an up ( B+ ), down ( B0 ), strange ( B0 s) or charm quark ( B+ c). The combination of a bottom antiquark and a top quark...

and strong interactions. The antiparticle of the down quark is the down antiquark (sometimes called antidown quark or simply antidown), which differs from...

are understood to be bound states of a strange quark (or antiquark) and an up or down antiquark (or quark). Kaons have proved to be a copious source of...

Up (quark antiquark) Down (quark antiquark) Charm (quark antiquark) Strange (quark antiquark) Top (quark antiquark) Bottom (quark antiquark) Leptons Electron...

their corresponding antiquarks and vice versa. For example, a positive pion ( π+ ) is made of one up quark and one down antiquark; and its corresponding...

quarks and antiquarks in the system. Higher μ means a stronger bias favoring quarks over antiquarks. At low temperatures there are no antiquarks, and then...

baryon number, leading to a very small excess of quarks and leptons over antiquarks and antileptons—of the order of one part in 30 million. This resulted...