during the Fitna of al-Andalus, a civil war between the descendants of caliph Hisham II and the successors of his hajib (court official), Al-Mansur. In 1031...

Reconquista (Spanish and Portuguese for 'reconquest') or the reconquest of al-Andalus was the successful series of military campaigns that European Christian...

The Spanish Civil War (Spanish: Guerra Civil Española) was a military conflict fought from 1936 to 1939 between the Republicans and the Nationalists. Republicans...

units were one of the main causes of the 11th-century civil war called the Fitna of al-Andalus. Berber forces were also joined by contingents of well-paid...

the Caliphate of Córdoba, from which the Umayyad dynasty ruled all of al-Andalus until 1031. Under Umayyad rule, Córdoba was transformed into a world-leading...

against the major city of Silves, the most important one in the Gharb al-Andalus. On July 20, 1189, the Portuguese host set up camp close to Silves just...

than two centuries by the time of the Granada War. The other remnant al-Andalus states (the taifas) of the once powerful Caliphate of Córdoba had long...

rule. Like the Arabic term al-Andalus, in historical contexts the Spanish term Andalucía or the English term Andalusia do not necessarily refer to the...

Academic Press. ISBN 012765660X. Kabha, Mustafa (2023). "The Fall of Al-Andalus and the Evolution of its Memory in Modern Arab-Muslim Historiography"...

'castles' or 'fortified rocks'. Wādī Al-Ḥijāra and its surroundings were part of the Middle March of Al-Andalus, controlled by the Masmuda Berber clan...

in character, but significantly reformed. History of Catalonia Catalan Civil War Spain in the Middle Ages Freedman, Paul (January 22, 2004). The Origins...

referred to for example in the encyclopedia of Yaqut al-Hamawi or in Abu al-Baqa ar-Rundi's Ritha' al-Andalus. The city is sometimes referred to as the "Pearl...

Retrieved 22 January 2019. "Exili i evasions al Principat d'Andorra durant la Guerra Civil Espanyola i la Segona Guerra Mundial 1936–1945" (PDF). Diposit.ub.edu...

from which derive the Arabic name سرقسطة Saraqusṭa (used during the Al-Andalus period), the medieval Çaragoça, and the modern Zaragoza. The Sedetani...

[Consult. 2009-01-07]. Disponível na www: URL: [1]. João Bravo da Matta, A Guerra do Ultramar, O Diabo, 14 October 2008, pp.22. "Portugal", Country Studies...

ISBN 972-33-1311-1. Simão José da Luz Soriano, Historia da Guerra Civil e do estabelecimento do governo parlamentar em Portugal: comprehedendo a historia...

recuperar Al Ándalus". Cordópolis (in Spanish). 23 August 2017. Retrieved 23 August 2017. Agencias (23 August 2017). "Abandonen esta guerra o nunca los...

"Investigação revela portugueses detidos e mortos pelos nazis durante a II Guerra Mundial". SIC Notícias (in Portuguese). 21 July 2023. Retrieved 25 August...

The Patuleia, Guerra da Patuleia, or Little Civil War was a civil war in Portugal, so called to distinguish it from the 'great' civil war between Dom...

50 kilometres (31 miles) from Lisbon downtown by road. In the times of Al-Andalus, the city was known as Shaṭūbar (Andalusian Arabic: شَطُوبَر [ʃeˈtˤuːbɑr])...

carlismo tras la Guerra Civil [PhD thesis UNED], Valencia 2009 Manuel Martorell Pérez, Retorno a la lealtad; el desafío carlista al franquismo, Madrid...

Martínez Peñas; Manuela Fernández Rodríguez (eds.). Reflexiones sobre poder, guerra y religión en la Historia de España. pp. 11–56. ISBN 978-84-615-2931-5....

the Visigothic Kingdom and the establishment of the Umayyad Wilayah of Al-Andalus. The conquest marks the westernmost expansion of both the Umayyad Caliphate...

al-Andalus, but needed reinforcements to defeat the caliphate. When the Umayyad dynasty was finally toppled by the Abbasid Revolution in 750, Abd al-Rahman...

Juan José; Lorenzo, Jesús (2012). "Barbarians of Dâr al-Islâm: the Upper March of al-Andalus and the Western Pyrenees in the Eighth and Ninth Centuries"...

ISBN 90-04-11232-4. Suárez Fernández, Luis (1989). Los Reyes Católicos: El tiempo de la Guerra de Granada. Ediciones Rialp. ISBN 84-321-2560-1. Houtsma, Martijn Theodoor...

 93–112. ISBN 978-1-908857-61-3. Borges, Fernando Tadeu de Miranda. "A Guerra do Paraguai – História – Resumo". Historiadobrasil.net (in Portuguese). Archived...

Kennedy, Hugh (1996). Muslim Spain and Portugal: A Political History of al-Andalus (First ed.). London: Taylor and Francis. p. 32. ISBN 0-582-49515-6. Beckwith...

Almoravids in 1086, then by the Almohads in 1147. Al-Andaluz was divided into districts called Kura. Gharb Al-Andalus at its largest consisted of ten kuras, each...

43–51. Rei, António. "O Gharb al-Andalus em dois geógrafos árabes do século VII / XIII: Yâqût al-Hamâwî e Ibn Sa'îd al-Maghribî". See: http://clientes...