Champa (Cham: ꨌꩌꨛꨩ, چامفا; Khmer: ចាម្ប៉ា; Vietnamese: Chiêm Thành 占城 or Chiêm Bá 占婆) was a collection of independent Cham polities that extended across...

language") is designated the bahasa persatuan/pemersatu ("unifying language" or lingua franca) whereas the term "Malay" (bahasa Melayu) is domestically restricted...

sobre a cooficialização da língua do "talian", à língua portuguesa, no município de Nova Roma do Sul" O Talian agora é a língua co-oficial de Nova Roma do...

role in this trade. Many Chams can speak Vietnamese (the national lingua franca), Khmer, Malay, and, of course, their native Cham language. Rather than conforming...

Leonean Creole or Krio is an English-based creole language that is the lingua franca and de facto national language spoken throughout the West African...

cities throughout Indonesia by migrated Minangkabau. The language is also a lingua franca along the western coastal region of the province of North Sumatra...

standardized variety of Malay, an Austronesian language that has been used as a lingua franca in the multilingual Indonesian archipelago for centuries. With over...

Alphabet. Great Oak Press Chung, Sandra (1974), "Remarks on Pablo Tac's La lingua degli Indi Luiseños", International Journal of American Linguistics, 40...

are Indo-European. One of these languages, English, is the de facto world lingua franca, with an estimate of over one billion second language speakers. Indo-European...

Bamar speak the Burmese language which serves as the national language and lingua franca of Myanmar. In the Burmese language, Bamar (ဗမာ, also transcribed...

inscriptions of Campā at the Museum of Cham sculpture in Đà Nẵng / Văn khắc Chămpa tại bảo tàng điêu khắc Chăm – Đà Nẵng, Vietnam National University...

rivals Cameroonian Pidgin English ("Creole") as the country's most common lingua franca. It is most popular in the high-density urban centres where anglophones...

بروني‎), is the most widely spoken language in Brunei Darussalam and a lingua franca in some parts of Sarawak and Sabah, such as Labuan, Limbang, Lawas...

Wittgenstein: Half-Truths and One-and-a-Half-Truths ISBN 0-7923-4091-4 1996. Lingua Universalis vs Calculus Ratiocinator ISBN 0-7923-4246-1 1996. The Principles...

In Green, Nile (ed.). The Persianate World: The Frontiers of a Eurasian Lingua Franca. University of California Press. pp. 131–158. ISBN 978-0520972100...

that Arbëresh people of those areas use Italian or Standard Albanian as lingua franca to communicate with each other. Between the 11th and 14th centuries...

found in any Vietnamese dynastic records which all were written in the lingua franca Chữ Hán through.[citation needed] According to Mark Alves, Vietnamese...

Baldi, Benedetta; Savoia, Leonardo M. (2017). "Cultura e identità nella lingua albanese" [Culture and Identity in the Albanian Language]. LEA - Lingue...

Wissenschaften., as revised by the author Rix, Helmut (1993). "La scrittura e la lingua". In Cristofani, Mauro (hrsg.) (ed.). Gli etruschi – Una nuova immagine...

as they favored English as a way out. Around the mid to late 1960s the lingua franca of Indo-Trinidadian and Tobagonians switched from Trinidadian Hindustani...

community. English is commonly used as a second language, and a rising lingua franca, especially in commerce, to the extent that steps are being taken...

the Roman Republic (Cornell University Press, 1981), pp. 38–39. Varro, De lingua latina 6.12 (dies deorum causa instituti, as cited by Scullard, p. 39, noting...

Riau Malay) is the official language and the main lingua franca. Although Sumatra has its own local lingua franca, variants of Malay like Medan Malay and...

Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia. It is quite close to Wawonii. It was a local lingua franca before independence. Bungku at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription...

sulla lingua albanese. Livorno: Successore di Egisto Vignozzi. Camarda, Demetrio (1866). Appendice al saggio di grammatologia comparata sulla lingua albanese...

known as “Bahasa Indonesia” serves as the national language and unifying lingua franca. Religious diversity is also prominent, with Islam being the predominant...

In Green, Nile (ed.). The Persianate World: The Frontiers of a Eurasian Lingua Franca. University of California Press.34 Grousset, Rene (1970). The Empire...

of Malacca in international trade in the region resulted in Malay as a lingua franca in commerce and diplomacy, a status that it maintained throughout...

Qafár af National Language in:  Eritrea Afrihili – El-Afrihili Proposed lingua franca of Africa Afrikaans – Afrikaans Official language in:  South Africa...

Spanish and Arabic on a voluntary, optional basis. Spanish, a widely used lingua franca during the late nineteenth century, has declined greatly in use,...