• Thumbnail for Ludwig Boltzmann
    Ludwig Eduard Boltzmann (German pronunciation: [ˈluːtvɪç ˈbɔlt͡sman]; 20 February 1844 – 5 September 1906) was an Austrian physicist and philosopher....
    47 KB (5,307 words) - 09:22, 20 August 2024
  • Thumbnail for Boltzmann constant
    named after the Austrian scientist Ludwig Boltzmann. As part of the 2019 redefinition of SI base units, the Boltzmann constant is one of the seven "defining...
    26 KB (2,906 words) - 03:17, 22 July 2024
  • Thumbnail for Boltzmann brain
    bodies, even entire galaxies. The idea is named after the physicist Ludwig Boltzmann (1844–1906), who, in 1896, published a theory that tried to account...
    26 KB (3,102 words) - 12:19, 10 August 2024
  • Thumbnail for Stefan–Boltzmann law
    relationship, and Ludwig Boltzmann who derived the law theoretically. For an ideal absorber/emitter or black body, the Stefan–Boltzmann law states that...
    38 KB (5,480 words) - 13:36, 4 July 2024
  • Thumbnail for Boltzmann's entropy formula
    system can be arranged. The equation was originally formulated by Ludwig Boltzmann between 1872 and 1875, but later put into its current form by Max Planck...
    13 KB (1,550 words) - 01:53, 31 March 2024
  • Thumbnail for Maxwell–Boltzmann distribution
    Maxwell–Boltzmann distribution, or Maxwell(ian) distribution, is a particular probability distribution named after James Clerk Maxwell and Ludwig Boltzmann....
    38 KB (5,997 words) - 14:17, 13 August 2024
  • Thumbnail for Boltzmann machine
    A Boltzmann machine (also called Sherrington–Kirkpatrick model with external field or stochastic Ising model), named after Ludwig Boltzmann is a stochastic...
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  • Thumbnail for Boltzmann equation
    thermodynamic system not in a state of equilibrium; it was devised by Ludwig Boltzmann in 1872. The classic example of such a system is a fluid with temperature...
    35 KB (4,961 words) - 21:10, 23 July 2024
  • Thumbnail for Boltzmann distribution
    {\varepsilon _{j}-\varepsilon _{i}}{kT}}\right)} The Boltzmann distribution is named after Ludwig Boltzmann who first formulated it in 1868 during his studies...
    20 KB (2,478 words) - 14:40, 11 July 2024
  • Thumbnail for Maxwell–Boltzmann statistics
    In statistical mechanics, Maxwell–Boltzmann statistics describes the distribution of classical material particles over various energy states in thermal...
    22 KB (3,997 words) - 11:14, 25 June 2024
  • In classical statistical mechanics, the H-theorem, introduced by Ludwig Boltzmann in 1872, describes the tendency to decrease in the quantity H (defined...
    32 KB (4,244 words) - 20:51, 2 July 2024
  • The Ludwig Boltzmann Gesellschaft (LBG) is an Austrian network of specialized research institutes that are not part of a university. It was founded in...
    2 KB (154 words) - 11:19, 3 July 2023
  • statistical entropy perspective was introduced in 1870 by Austrian physicist Ludwig Boltzmann, who established a new field of physics that provided the descriptive...
    18 KB (2,675 words) - 16:19, 12 July 2024
  • Thumbnail for Entropy
    scientists such as Ludwig Boltzmann, Josiah Willard Gibbs, and James Clerk Maxwell gave entropy a statistical basis. In 1877, Boltzmann visualized a probabilistic...
    108 KB (13,957 words) - 06:29, 6 August 2024
  • Thumbnail for History of thermodynamics
    of its temperature and stated the Stefan–Boltzmann law. The law was derived theoretically by Ludwig Boltzmann in 1884. In 1900 Max Planck found an accurate...
    35 KB (3,809 words) - 14:48, 5 July 2024
  • statistical mechanics; it is named after the celebrated physicist Ludwig Boltzmann. The Boltzmann Medal is awarded once every three years by the Commission on...
    14 KB (874 words) - 19:55, 12 May 2024
  • of statistical mechanics is generally credited to three physicists: Ludwig Boltzmann, who developed the fundamental interpretation of entropy in terms of...
    42 KB (5,023 words) - 16:47, 15 July 2024
  • Thumbnail for Gottlob Frege
    Function?" (1904) Original: "Was ist eine Funktion?", in Festschrift Ludwig Boltzmann gewidmet zum sechzigsten Geburtstage, 20 February 1904, S. Meyer (ed...
    48 KB (5,361 words) - 07:20, 20 August 2024
  • Thumbnail for Entropy (order and disorder)
    temperature at which the transfer occurs. In the years to follow, Ludwig Boltzmann translated these 'alterations of arrangement' into a probabilistic...
    24 KB (3,054 words) - 17:12, 10 March 2024
  • The Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Neo-Latin Studies (LBI) (German: Ludwig Boltzmann Institut für Neulateinische Studien) in Innsbruck is a research institute...
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  • Thumbnail for Ludwig (given name)
    Ludwig Boltzmann, Austrian physicist Ludwig Feuerbach (1804–1872), German anthropologist and philosopher Ludwig von Mises, Austrian economist Ludwig Mond...
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  • metaphysics, and practices of established religions. Boltzmann, Ludwig; Blackmore, John T. (1995). Ludwig Boltzmann: His Later Life and Philosophy, 1900–1906. The...
    56 KB (6,701 words) - 14:41, 11 July 2024
  • The Ludwig Boltzmann Prize is awarded by the Austrian Physical Society and honors outstanding achievements in theoretical physics. It is named after the...
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  • (demon) Bohr magneton – Niels Bohr Bohr radius – Niels Bohr Boltzmann constant – Ludwig Boltzmann Brun's constant – Viggo Brun Cabibbo angle – Nicola Cabibbo...
    5 KB (500 words) - 03:29, 23 July 2024
  • system. The origins of ergodicity lie in statistical physics, where Ludwig Boltzmann formulated the ergodic hypothesis. Ergodicity occurs in broad settings...
    54 KB (8,846 words) - 03:02, 17 August 2024
  • Thumbnail for Josef Stefan
    grey-body emissions by Stefan's student Ludwig Boltzmann and hence is known as Stefan–Boltzmann law. Boltzmann treated a heat engine with light as a working...
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  • Thumbnail for Phase space
    The concept of phase space was developed in the late 19th century by Ludwig Boltzmann, Henri Poincaré, and Josiah Willard Gibbs. In a phase space, every...
    18 KB (2,130 words) - 14:12, 13 June 2024
  • The Ludwig Boltzmann Institute of Human Rights (German: Ludwig Boltzmann Institut für Menschenrechte, BIM) is a Vienna-based research institute affiliated...
    5 KB (539 words) - 11:47, 20 October 2023
  • Thumbnail for Introduction to entropy
    equilibrium is reached was answered in 1877 by physicist Ludwig Boltzmann. The theory developed by Boltzmann and others, is known as statistical mechanics. Statistical...
    33 KB (5,254 words) - 20:47, 8 July 2024
  • Thumbnail for Lise Meitner
    fourteen women passed, including Meitner and Henriette Boltzmann, the daughter of physicist Ludwig Boltzmann. Meitner entered the University of Vienna in October...
    109 KB (13,246 words) - 11:01, 20 August 2024