Look up Valence, valence, valencies, or valency in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Valence or valency may refer to: Valence (chemistry), a measure of...

−258 °C (15 K). The electron wavefunction spreads in a semiconductor lattice and negligibly interacts with the valence band electrons, so it can be treated...

the electrons in the valence band are always moving around, a completely full valence band is inert, not conducting any current. If an electron is taken...

The bond valence method or mean method (or bond valence sum) (not to be mistaken for the valence bond theory in quantum chemistry) is a popular method...

and the "rule of eight", which began to distinguish between valence and valence electrons. In 1919, Irving Langmuir refined these concepts further and...

atom that employs valence electrons that are close to the nucleus, and also in orbitals with no orbital angular momentum. Electrons in s orbitals (regardless...

Mixed valence complexes contain an element which is present in more than one oxidation state. Well-known mixed valence compounds include the Creutz–Taube...

Because the valence band is so nearly full, its electrons are not mobile, and cannot flow as electric current. However, if an electron in the valence band acquires...

however, the bands are neither electron-like nor hole-like, and often just called "valence band" as they are made of valence orbitals. The band gaps in a...

both valence electron count and valence orbital type. As chemical reactions involve the valence electrons, elements with similar outer electron configurations...

version: (2006–) "valence tautomerization". doi:10.1351/goldbook.V06591.html E. Vogel and H. Günther (1967). "Benzene Oxide-Oxepin Valence Tautomerism". Angewandte...

Modern valence bond theory is the application of valence bond theory (VBT) with computer programs that are competitive in accuracy and economy, with programs...

phosphorus in the periodic table. The valence electrons (here 3s2 3p3) are written explicitly for all atoms. Electron configurations of elements beyond hassium...

lattices, electrons from neighboring copper atoms interact to form a valence bond, which locks them in place. However, with doping, these electrons can act...

be seen as the result of different behaviors of the outermost or valence electrons of atoms. These behaviors merge into each other seamlessly in various...

the valence shell of third period and heavier main group elements is controversial. A Lewis structure in which a central atom has a valence electron count...

secondary electrons that are ejected from conduction or valence bands of the specimen atoms by inelastic scattering interactions with beam electrons. Due to...

in molecules or crystals. In many simple compounds, valence bond theory, the Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion model (VSEPR), and the concept of oxidation...

neutral atom increases with the atomic number. The electrons in the outermost shell, or valence electrons, tend to be responsible for an element's chemical...

systems, this was the Hückel method proposed by Erich Hückel. For all valence electron systems, the extended Hückel method was proposed by Roald Hoffmann...

thought of as a vacancy of an electron in a state; it is most commonly used in the context of empty states in the valence band of a semiconductor. A hole...

electron model four main assumptions are taken into account: Free electron approximation: The interaction between the ions and the valence electrons is...

with the valence electrons. The use of an effective interaction, a pseudopotential, that approximates the potential felt by the valence electrons, was first...

valence band. Semiconductors and insulators are distinguished from metals because the valence band in any given metal is nearly filled with electrons...

form a two-dimensional electron gas. An important aspect of HEMTs is that the band discontinuities across the conduction and valence bands can be modified...

reflected in the valence electron model where the sea of electrons is composed of the valence electrons only, and not the full set of electrons available in...

average (Boltzmann statistics) over all electron or hole velocities in the lower conduction band or upper valence band, temperature dependence of the mobility...

Bonding molecular orbital Valence and conduction bands Valence bond theory Molecular orbital theory Conjugated system Atkins P. and de Paula J. Atkins Physical...

specific amount, depending on the value of the valence electron's spin. When the spin of the electron is ⁠++ 1 /2⁠ the atom moves away from the stronger...

or more main group elements apparently bearing more than eight electrons in their valence shells. Phosphorus pentachloride (PCl5), sulfur hexafluoride (SF6)...