The Mihna (Arabic: محنة خلق القرآن, romanized: miḥna khalaq al-qurʾān, lit. 'ordeal of Quranic createdness') (also known as the first Muslim inquisition)...

instituted an inquisition known as the mihna ("test, ordeal") to "ensure acquiescence in this doctrine". The mihna continued during the reigns of Caliphs...

twenty-four years of his life teaching the hadith he had collected. During the mihna, he fled to Khartank, a village near Samarkand, where he then also died...

Mu'tazilism and the persecution of its opponents through the inquisition (miḥna). Although not personally interested in literary pursuits, al-Mu'tasim also...

movement reached its political height during the Abbasid Caliphate during the "mihna", an 18-year period (833–851 CE) of religious persecution instituted by...

for imprisoning Imam Ahmad ibn Hanbal, the rise of religious persecution (mihna), and for the resumption of large-scale warfare with the Byzantine Empire...

that the Quran was not created, but eternal. Wael Hallaq argues that the Mihna was not just about whether or not the Quran was created. The issues of ra’y...

deeply religious, and is remembered for discarding the Muʿtazila, ending the Mihna (a period of persecution of Islamic scholars), and releasing Ahmad ibn Hanbal...

Fatimid army, "this mass persecution known by the Druze as the period of the mihna". The largest massacre was at Antioch, where 5000 prominent Druze were killed...

of reason in understanding the Quran and hadith, as can be seen in the Mihna example. Although the rationalists initially seemed to gain the upper hand...

followed the mainstream Islamic theology. Consequently, he refused during the Mihna the createdness of the Qur'an, al-Khalq Qur'an (خلق القرآن) and other teachings...

been influenced by the statements of some ignorant narrators, after the mihna of Ahmad bin Hanbal." He also states that the Hanafis could only be called...

Ahmed ibn Hanbal and the Mihna: A Biography of the Imam Including An Account of the Mohammedan Inquisition Called the Mihna, 218-234. Leiden: E. J. Brill...

introduced the Mihna with the intention to centralize religious power in the caliphal institution and test the loyalty of his subjects. The Mihna had to be...

continued support for the doctrine of Mu'tazilism, and his reactivation of the mihna to root out opponents. In foreign affairs, the perennial conflict with the...

Apogee al-Mahdi al-Hadi Harun al-Rashid Barmakids Sack of Heraclea al-Amin Fourth Fitna al-Ma'mun Graeco-Arabic translation movement Mu'tazilism and Mihna...

Apogee al-Mahdi al-Hadi Harun al-Rashid Barmakids Sack of Heraclea al-Amin Fourth Fitna al-Ma'mun Graeco-Arabic translation movement Mu'tazilism and Mihna...

Hanbal became famous in his later life for the crucial role he played in the Mihna instituted by the Abbasid caliph al-Ma'mun toward the end of his reign,...

Fatimid caliphate a mass persecution (known by the Druze as the period of the mihna) of the Muwaḥḥidūn was instigated ... C. Tucker, Spencer C. (2019). Middle...

Apogee al-Mahdi al-Hadi Harun al-Rashid Barmakids Sack of Heraclea al-Amin Fourth Fitna al-Ma'mun Graeco-Arabic translation movement Mu'tazilism and Mihna...

anthropomorphism briefly attained "orthodox" recognition around or after the Mihna. In premodern times, corporealist views were said to have been more socially...

the status of the Qur'an over all his subjects, in an ordeal called the mihna, or "inquisition". His views were disputed, and many of those who refused...

persecuted minority have taken recourse to dissimulation from the time of the mihna (persecution) under Al-Ma'mun in the 9th century, while the politically...

clear. The Abbasite Caliph Al-Ma'mūn (reigned 813–33) criticized in his Mihna edict a group of people, who related themselves to the sunnah (nasabū anfusa-hum...

competed for orthodox status until the tenth century, especially during the Mihna. In premodern times, corporealist views were said to have been more socially...

scholars were generally independent, with some bumps in history like the mihna being the exception rather than the rule. Richard Bulliet writes that during...

Ibn Warraq, Why I'm Not a Muslim, 1995: p.105 Patton, Ibn Ḥanbal and the Miḥna, 1897: p.54 Ruthven, Malise (1984). Islam in the World. Oxford University...

Fatimid caliphate a mass persecution (known by the Druze as the period of the mihna) of the Muwaḥḥidūn was instigated ... C. Tucker, Spencer C. (2019). Middle...

Mu'tazilite theology on all religious scholars and instituted an inquisition (mihna), but the attempts to impose a caliphal writ in matters of religious orthodoxy...

addressee exists. In 848 (or possibly 851), the caliph al-Mutawakkil ended the Mihna (a period of religious and ideological persecution) and two years later...