4.5 billion years for different isotopes, making them useful for dating the age of the Earth. The most common isotopes in natural uranium are uranium-238...

of isotopes of stable atoms. Thomson's device was a crude version of the instrument we now term a mass spectrometer. Neon has three stable isotopes: 20Ne...

of neptunium-237, these are the five most stable isotopes of radium. All other 27 known radium isotopes have half-lives under two hours, and the majority...

(3):439-66. Frei, K.M. & Frei, R. 2011. The geographic distribution of strontium isotopes in Danish surface waters – A base for provenance studies in archaeology...

Platinum also has 38 synthetic isotopes ranging in atomic mass from 165 to 208, making the total number of known isotopes 44. The least stable of these...

Plutonium-238, curium-242, curium-244 and strontium-90 have been used. Besides the nuclear properties of the used isotope, there are also the issues of chemical...

unstable isotopes of elements that undergo decay and thereby emit ionizing radiation, which is harmful to humans and the environment. Different isotopes emit...

48 MeV of energy. The known isotopes of silicon range in mass number from 22 to 44. The most common decay mode of the isotopes with mass numbers lower than...

to power some spacecraft. Plutonium isotopes are expensive and inconvenient to separate, so particular isotopes are usually manufactured in specialized...

artificial isotopes of zirconium have been synthesized, ranging in atomic mass from 77 to 114. 93Zr is the longest-lived artificial isotope, with a half-life...

(praseodymium) isotopes, and the primary products after 142Nd are element Pm (promethium) isotopes. Four of the five stable isotopes are only observationally...

stable isotopes of potassium can be laser cooled and used to probe fundamental and technological problems in quantum physics. The two bosonic isotopes possess...

seven stable isotopes and two long-lived radioactive isotopes. More than 40 unstable xenon isotopes undergo radioactive decay, and the isotope ratios of...

ignite in air when finely divided. All known thorium isotopes are unstable. The most stable isotope, 232Th, has a half-life of 14.05 billion years, or about...

is generated. Radon isotopes are the immediate decay products of radium isotopes. The instability of 222Rn, its most stable isotope, makes radon one of...

than 15 minutes. The isotopes of cobalt range in atomic weight from 50 u (50Co) to 73 u (73Co). The primary decay mode for isotopes with atomic mass unit...

condense only after the fireball cools to considerable degree. For example, strontium-90 will have less time to condense and coalesce into larger particles...

isotopes are lutetium-174 with a half-life of 3.31 years, and lutetium-173 with a half-life of 1.37 years. All of the remaining radioactive isotopes have...

by intrusion of the gneiss by garnet-bearing leucogranitic melts. Strontium isotope ratios of the leucogranite intrusives are distinct from that of the...

and iron, so as to recycle long-lived waste isotopes such as neptunium-237 into shorter-lived isotopes more useful as nuclear fuel. One neptunium-based...

always is to be mentioned. Naturally occurring lanthanum is made up of two isotopes, the stable 139 La and the primordial long-lived radioisotope 138 La. 139...

isotopes, and the primary products after are erbium isotopes. Natural holmium consists of one primordial isotope, holmium-165; it is the only isotope...

percent upon melting. Gallium has 30 known isotopes, ranging in mass number from 60 to 89. Only two isotopes are stable and occur naturally, gallium-69...

The isotopes of ytterbium range from 149Yb to 187Yb. The primary decay mode of ytterbium isotopes lighter than the most abundant stable isotope, 174Yb...

isotopes lighter than 141Pr is positron emission or electron capture to isotopes of cerium, while that of heavier isotopes is beta decay to isotopes of...

study the geographic spread of more-radioactive isotopes, like tellurium and iodine. Because these isotopes deposit themselves in the soil with rain, Norikazu...

elements. At least 40 isotopes of hafnium have been observed, ranging in mass number from 153 to 192. The five stable isotopes have mass numbers ranging...

68 (erbium) isotopes, and the primary products after are element 70 (ytterbium) isotopes. Thulium-169 is thulium's only primordial isotope and is the only...

peacefully in the wake of the disintegration of the 14th Dynasty. A recent Strontium isotope analysis also dismissed the invasion model in favor of a migration...

isotope in the Universe, taking into account the elemental abundance of tantalum and isotopic abundance of 180mTa in the natural mixture of isotopes (and...