The next largest refractor telescopes are the James Lick telescope, and the Meudon Great Refractor. Most are classical great refractors, which used achromatic...

of the mirror, Perkin-Elmer analyzed its surface with two conventional refractive null correctors. However, for the final manufacturing step (figuring)...

Triton, 1846". "The Lassell Telescope". Fraunhofer and the Great Dorpat Refractor, Waaland, J. Robert, American Journal of Physics, Volume 35, Issue 4,...

11″ refractor at the Cincinnati Observatory The 1847 15″ Harvard Great Refractor at Harvard College Observatory The 1839 Merz und Mahler 15″ refractor at...

List of largest optical reflecting telescopes List of largest optical refracting telescopes List of optical telescopes List of proposed space observatories...

is the main instrument of the San José Observatory. The telescope is a refractor astro-chart of 1990 mm focal length of 127 mm opening in each tube, the...

Then with the discovery of optics, with the help of different types of refractor telescopes and later with reflector telescopes. Their use allowed to dramatically...

low spatial frequencies, compared to a full-aperture design such as a refractor. This MTF notch has the effect of lowering image contrast when imaging...

Binoculars or field glasses are two refracting telescopes mounted side-by-side and aligned to point in the same direction, allowing the viewer to use both...

hexagonal primary mirror of 11.1 by 9.8 meters. 2007 – First light at Gran Telescopio de Canarias (GTC), in Spain, the largest optical telescope in the world...

Amateur astronomers use such instruments as the Newtonian reflector, the Refractor and the increasingly popular Maksutov telescope. The photograph has served...

are absorbed when passing through glass elements like those found in a refractor or in a catadioptric telescope. In a lens the entire volume of material...

telescopes of the world Selected largest telescopes Sidereal Messenger Large refracting telescopes (date 1884) Portals: Astronomy Stars Outer space Solar System...

2021. Retrieved 5 March 2012. "Observatorio de Calar Alto: telescopio de 1,5 metros". Telescopios.org. Archived from the original on 24 June 2009. Retrieved...

the Hobby-Eberly Telescope, the Keck I and Keck II telescopes, the Gran Telescopio Canarias, the Devasthal Optical Telescope, the European Southern Observatory's...

original on 2012-02-10. Retrieved 2012-03-05. "Observatorio de Calar Alto: Telescopio de 1,5 metros". Archived from the original on 2009-06-24. Retrieved 2009-08-03...

noted that the accuracy of horizon astronomy is limited by variations in refraction near the horizon. A deeper criticism of Green archaeoastronomy is that...

Most terrestrial scintillation effects are the result of atmospheric refraction caused by small-scale fluctuations in air density, and are much more pronounced...

José Maria Simón de Guilleuma, Juan Roget, Optico Espanol Inventor del Telescopio, pp. 708-712 in Actes du IXe Congres International d’Histoire des Sciences...

the original on 5 November 2019. Retrieved 8 October 2019. "The Gran Telescopio Canarias (GTC) obtains the visible spectrum of C/2019 Q4 (Borisov), the...

doi:10.1086/131449. "Telescopes of the Lick Observatory: the great Lick refractor". UC Observatories. Retrieved June 22, 2017. "University of California...