German language (redirect from Deutsche Sprache)
2024. Retrieved 29 March 2022. Holm, John A. (1989). "Kiautschou Pidgin German". Pidgins and Creoles: Volume 2, Reference Survey (1st ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge...
142 KB (14,268 words) - 06:59, 20 August 2024
Chadian Arabic (redirect from Turku-Bongor Pidgin Arabic)
During the colonial era, a form of pidgin Arabic known as Turku was used as a lingua franca. There are still Arabic pidgins in Chad today, such as Bongor Arabic...
18 KB (1,615 words) - 15:44, 20 July 2024
Basque language (section Basque pidgins)
pidgins have existed. In the 16th century, Basque sailors used a Basque–Icelandic pidgin in their contacts with Iceland. The Algonquian–Basque pidgin...
105 KB (11,406 words) - 11:25, 20 August 2024
German-Russian macaronic language (redirect from German-Russian pidgin)
The German-Russian pidgin is a macaronic language of mixed German and Russian that appears to have arisen in the early 1990s. It is sometimes known as...
6 KB (661 words) - 08:54, 30 August 2023
classified as critically endangered by UNESCO. A creole language, Hawaiian Pidgin (or Hawaii Creole English, HCE), is more commonly spoken in Hawaiʻi than...
69 KB (7,690 words) - 09:44, 20 August 2024
debatable, he is credited with increasing its popularity and that of Hawaiian Pidgin as well. The shaka has achieved great popularity in Australia, primarily...
14 KB (1,443 words) - 06:53, 4 August 2024
Luxembourgish, Hunsrik, and Scots. Additionally, several creoles, patois, and pidgins are based on Dutch, English, or German. The Germanic languages are traditionally...
56 KB (4,764 words) - 13:17, 18 August 2024
Saramaccan language (category English-based pidgins and creoles)
Worter-Buch, Johannes Riemer's 1779 Wörterbuch zur Erlernung der Saramakka-Neger-Sprache, a copied and edited version of Schumann, Jan Voorhoeve and Antoon Donicie's...
16 KB (1,476 words) - 20:10, 29 July 2024
Annegret Bollée (category Linguists of pidgins and creoles)
theory of creole language development that does not involve an intermediate pidgin stage (Bollée 1977b), and has worked extensively on the history of the creole...
8 KB (658 words) - 02:05, 4 April 2024
Bodiman, Oli (Ewodi, Wuri), Pongo and Mongo. He also notes a Duala-based pidgin named Jo. The origins of Duala come from the migrations of the Duala people...
13 KB (1,106 words) - 08:43, 9 August 2024
traces back to African languages spoken by the slaves who had to develop a pidgin or Creole English to communicate with slaves of other ethnic and linguistic...
226 KB (23,123 words) - 11:36, 19 August 2024
Wede (category German-based pidgins and creoles)
vereinfachte, weitestgehende Ableitung von der in Europa verbreitetsten Sprache, das ist die deutsche! English translation: An artificial language such...
39 KB (3,533 words) - 05:55, 2 July 2024
term originates with one such language, Mediterranean Lingua Franca, a pidgin language used as a trade language in the Mediterranean area from the 11th...
57 KB (6,006 words) - 17:06, 26 April 2024
Southern Africa, and 'Hottentot Dutch', a pidgin that descended from 'Foreigner Talk' and ultimately from the Dutch pidgin spoken by slaves, via hypothetical...
115 KB (8,921 words) - 22:33, 7 August 2024
reduction of the Proto-Germanic inflectional system was the result of pidginization with that substrate. Germanicist John A. Hawkins set forth in 1990 some...
19 KB (2,088 words) - 22:48, 18 August 2024
1983, Lionel Bender proposed that Amharic may have been constructed as a pidgin as early as the 4th century AD to enable communication between Aksumite...
77 KB (6,588 words) - 14:28, 20 August 2024
after his death. Sign languages are not the same worldwide. Aside from the pidgin International Sign, each country generally has its own native sign language...
566 KB (53,930 words) - 12:28, 20 August 2024
zum mündlichen Verkehr in der fremden Sprache. So entstand aus der Not der Gedanke der internationalen Sprache von neuem. English translation: The men...
24 KB (2,281 words) - 03:14, 20 August 2024
Wolof language (category Articles containing English-based creoles and pidgins-language text)
the Universal Declaration of Human Rights Languages portal Africa portal Pidgin Wolof List of proposed etymologies of OK Wolof at Ethnologue (27th ed.,...
51 KB (3,745 words) - 07:25, 19 August 2024
Odimegwu (2012). A Comparative Analysis of Jamaican Creole and Nigerian Pidgin English. Pamela Odimegwu. ISBN 978-1-4781-5890-5. Roxy Harris; Ben Rampton...
172 KB (18,162 words) - 23:33, 16 August 2024
ISBN 978-1-58983-706-5. Baker, Philip; Mühlhäusler, Peter (1990). "From Business to Pidgin". Journal of Asian Pacific Communication. 1 (1): 87–116. Högström, Pehr...
113 KB (6,710 words) - 11:02, 17 August 2024
Solombala-English, a Russian-English pidgin, in the 18th and 19th centuries in an unusual example of a trade-related pidgin. Some of the oldest documented sign...
120 KB (14,559 words) - 17:45, 3 August 2024
doi:10.7827/turkishstudies.8215. Hualde, Jose Ignatio. "Icelandic Basque pidgin". Retrieved 13 June 2024. ...translation of two manuscripts written in Iceland...
178 KB (6,168 words) - 06:47, 19 August 2024
is designed to express maximal meaning with minimal complexity. Like a pidgin, it focuses on simple concepts and elements that are near-universal among...
64 KB (6,531 words) - 17:18, 19 August 2024
linguist Johann Christian Christoph Rüdiger (1751–1822) whose book Von der Sprache und Herkunft der Zigeuner aus Indien (1782) posited Romani was descended...
78 KB (6,772 words) - 11:12, 13 August 2024
Wort, A. P. Volodin, A. S. Asinovsky Arends, Muysken, & Smith (1995), Pidgins and Creoles: An Introduction "WALS Online - Language Itelmen". Y. P. Alkor...
21 KB (1,658 words) - 23:16, 3 July 2024
language Language planning Post-creole continuum Monogenetic theory of pidgins List of diglossic regions Saxon, Wolfgang (April 10, 2002). "W. A. Stewart...
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Wiesbaden: F. Steiner. p. 310. OCLC 2598722. Ammon, Ulrich (1995). Die deutsche Sprache in Deutschland, Österreich und der Schweiz: das Problem der nationalen...
34 KB (4,100 words) - 09:17, 20 June 2024
ISBN 9780195219487, retrieved November 6, 2010 Holm, John A. (1989), Pidgins and Creoles: References survey, Cambridge University Press, ISBN 9780521359405...
190 KB (18,947 words) - 08:16, 14 August 2024
1876), Skidegate (merged 1879), and Hydaburg (merged 1911). In the 1830s a pidgin trade language based on Haida, known as Haida Jargon, was used in the islands...
71 KB (6,697 words) - 10:00, 2 August 2024