Esensten JH, Helou YA, Chopra G, Weiss A, Bluestone JA (May 2016). "CD28 Costimulation: From Mechanism to Therapy". Immunity. 44 (5): 973–988. doi:10.1016/j...

factors and their pathways: NFAT, NFkB and AP-1. In addition and after costimulation from CD28 the optimal activation of expression of IL-2 and these pathways...

the tolerance-breakdown and autoimmunity. CD16a mediated costimulation provides a positive signal in the activated CD4+ T cells and not in the quiescent...

either through interfering with the effect of cytokines, inhibiting the costimulation of T cell activation, or inhibiting B cells. Cytokines are proinflammatory...

lymphoid lineage-specific actin-uncapping protein Rltpr is essential for costimulation via CD28 and the development of regulatory T cells », Nat Immunol.,...

PD-L1 to the inhibitory checkpoint molecule PD-1 transmits an inhibitory signal based on interaction with phosphatases (SHP-1 or SHP-2) via Immunoreceptor...

PMC 2853721. PMID 20331378. Bugeon L, Dallman MJ (October 2000). "Costimulation of T cells". American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine...

CTLA-4 was first identified in 1991 as a second receptor for the T cell costimulation ligand B7. In November 1995, the labs of Tak Wah Mak and Arlene Sharpe...

peyer's patches. This formation of germinal centers is dependent on the costimulation molecule CD40L and it is another consequence of the T cell dysregulation...

Foster, Aaron E. (September 2019). "Constitutively active MyD88/CD40 costimulation enhances expansion and efficacy of chimeric antigen receptor T cells...

Langerhans cells presenting human papillomavirus antigens in the absence of costimulation". Papillomavirus Research (Amsterdam, Netherlands). 2: 21–30. doi:10...

population of antigen-specific CD4+ T cells in vivo is dependent on CD28 costimulation and inhibited by CTLA-4". Journal of Immunology. 155 (3): 1032–1036...

receptor-bound protein 2, also known as Grb2, is an adaptor protein involved in signal transduction/cell communication. In humans, the GRB2 protein is encoded...

Transplant Rev (Orlando). 25(1):27-35 Ford ML, Larsen CP (2009), Translating costimulation blockade to the clinic - lessons learned from three pathways. Immunol...

of control treatments. This combination therapy incorporating ICOS costimulation and CTLA-4 blockade effectively remodels tumor-associated macrophages...

LGR5 is a member of the Wnt signaling pathway. Although its ligand remains elusive, it has been shown that costimulation with R-spondin 1 and Wnt-3a induce...

endothelial cells, and epithelial cells). CD40L plays a central role in costimulation and regulation of the immune response via T cell priming and activation...

activation gene-3 molecules expressed by activated T cells deliver costimulation signal for dendritic cell activation". J Immunol. 180 (6): 3782–8. doi:10...

Munitz A, Mankutad D, Levi-Schaffer F (September 2006). "Mast cell costimulation by CD226/CD112 (DNAM-1/Nectin-2): a novel interface in the allergic...

"Molecular dissection of the signaling and costimulatory functions of CD150 (SLAM): CD150/SAP binding and CD150-mediated costimulation". Blood. 99 (3): 957–65...

PMID 7539755. S2CID 37717142. Van de Velde H, Thielemans K (August 1996). "Native soluble CD5 delivers a costimulatory signal to resting human B lymphocytes"...

stilus stil- stiletto, stiliform, style, stylet, stylus stimulus stimul- costimulation, costimulatory, stimulate, stimulation, stimulative, stimulator, stimulus...

De Abajo R, Garcia-Ranea JA, Valencia A, Santisteban P, Crespo P, Bernal J (January 2004). "The small GTP-binding protein, Rhes, regulates signal transduction...

"NKG2D recruits two distinct adapters to trigger NK cell activation and costimulation". Nature Immunology. 3 (12): 1150–5. doi:10.1038/ni857. PMID 12426564...

Goldstein MD, et al. (June 1998). "CD28-independent, TRAF2-dependent costimulation of resting T cells by 4-1BB ligand". The Journal of Experimental Medicine...

"Molecular dissection of the signaling and costimulatory functions of CD150 (SLAM): CD150/SAP binding and CD150-mediated costimulation". Blood. 99 (3): 957–65...

a protein complex that integrates nutrient- and growth factor-derived signals to regulate cell growth. The gene RICTOR is located on chromosome 5 at...

cognate antigen usually during an infection. The TCR signal together with the costimulation signal lead to downregulation of PTEN and TSC. This causes...

availability of its ligand, CD70, on lymphocytes and dendritic cells. CD27 costimulation is known to suppress Th17 effector cell function. The American biotech...

Signal transducer CD24 also known as cluster of differentiation 24 or heat stable antigen CD24 (HSA) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CD24...