18th United States Colored Infantry Regiment

18th United States Colored Infantry Regiment
18th United States Colored Infantry Regiment
Active	September 28, 1864, to February 21, 1866
Country	United States
Allegiance	United States of America; Union
Branch	Infantry
Engagements	Defense of Nashville; Battle of Nashville; Pursuit of Hood; Skirmish at Elrod's Tan Yard;

The 18th United States Colored Infantry Regiment was an African-American infantry regiment, raised in the state of Missouri, which served in the Union Army during the American Civil War.^[1]

Service

Organized in Missouri at large February 1 to September 28, 1864.^{[note 1]} Unlike other African-American regiments from the State of Missouri, the regiment was mustered directly into U.S., rather than state service.^{[note 2]}

Attached to District of St. Louis, Mo., Department of Missouri, to December 1864. Unassigned, District of the Etowah, Department of the Cumberland, December 1864. 1st Colored Brigade, District of the Etowa, Dept. of the Cumberland, to January 1865. Unassigned, District of the Etowah, Dept. of the Cumberland, March 1865. 1st Colored Brigade, Dept. of the Cumberland, to July 1865. 2nd Brigade, 4th Division, District of East Tennessee and Department of the Tennessee, to February 1866.

Detailed Service

Duty in District of St. Louis, Mo., and at St. Louis until November 1864. Ordered to Nashville, Tenn., November 7. Moved to Paducah, Kentucky, November 7–11, thence to Nashville, Tenn. Occupation of Nashville during Hood's investment December 1–15. Battles of Nashville December 15–16. Pursuit of Hood to the Tennessee River December 17–28. At Bridgeport, Alabama, guarding railroad until February 1865. Action at Elrod's Tan Yard January 27.^{[note 3]} At Chattanooga, Tennessee, and in District of East Tennessee until February 1866. Mustered out February 21, 1866.

Commanders

Lieutenant Colonel John J. Sears^[3]

References

Footnotes

^ The 62nd, not 63rd, was the first black regiment raised in Missouri. The 62nd, 65th, 67th and 68th were initially mustered in as Missouri Volunteers of African Descent.
^ The four other African-American infantry regiments raised in Missouri (the 63rd, 65th, 67th, and 68th U.S. Colored Troops) were initially organized as state regiments in Federal service: the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th Missouri Regiments of Colored Infantry. Later all were later converted to "U.S." regiments in accordance with Department of War policy.
^ For further details of the action at Elrod's Tan Yard and a map of the skirmish.^[2]

Citations

^ Dyer (1908), p. 1726.
^ U.S. War Dept., Official Records, Vol. 49/1, pp. 10–12Report of Col. Felix Prince Salm, Sixty-eighth New York Infantry, January 31, 1865, pp. 10–12
^ "Report of the Adjutant General of the State of Kansas, Vol. 1. - 1861-1865". ksgenweb.org. Retrieved 2024-07-22.

Bibliography

Dobak, William A. (2011). Freedom by the Sword: The U.S. Colored Troops, 1862-1867, CMH Pub 30-24 (PDF) (1st ed.). Washington, DC: U.S. Army, Center of Military History. pp. 289, 291, 294. OCLC 1239417670. GPO SerNo 008-029-00543-3. Retrieved March 11, 2023.
Dyer, Frederick Henry (1908). A Compendium of the War of the Rebellion (PDF). Des Moines, IA: Dyer Pub. Co. pp. 35, 248, 469, 471, 473, 1726. ASIN B01BUFJ76Q. OCLC 08697590. Retrieved August 8, 2015. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
U.S. War Department (1889). Operations in Kentucky, Southwestern Virginia, Tennessee, Northern and Central Georgia, Mississippi, Alabama, and West Florida. January 1-June 30, 1865., Part I - Reports, Union and Confederate Correspondence, etc. The War of the Rebellion: A Compilation of the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies. Vol. XLIX-LXI-I. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office. pp. 10–12. hdl:2027/coo.31924077730103. OCLC 857196196. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.

External links

slavestosoldiers.org - 18th US Colored Infantry
The Civil War Archive
Web site discussing the organization of Missouri "Colored Infantry", including discussions of conditions at Benton Barracks during the winter of 1863-1864. http://www.usgennet.org/usa/mo/county/stlouis/ct.htm
Web side discussing participation of veterans of Missouri's Civil War African-American regiments in the founding of Lincoln University. http://www.buffalosoldier.net/62nd65thRegimentsU.S.ColoredInfantry.htm
Lincoln University web site discussing the role of veterans of Missouri's African-American regiments in the establishment of the University. http://www.lincolnu.edu/web/about-lincoln/our-history
Link to waymarking site for the Soldier-Founder's Memorial at Lincoln University. http://www.waymarking.com/waymarks/WM5QWY

[2] The 62nd, not 63rd, was the first black regiment raised in Missouri. The 62nd, 65th, 67th and 68th were initially mustered in as Missouri Volunteers of African Descent.

[3] The four other African-American infantry regiments raised in Missouri (the 63rd, 65th, 67th, and 68th U.S. Colored Troops) were initially organized as state regiments in Federal service: the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th Missouri Regiments of Colored Infantry. Later all were later converted to "U.S." regiments in accordance with Department of War policy.

[5] For further details of the action at Elrod's Tan Yard and a map of the skirmish.^[2]

[FOOTNOTEDyer19081726-1] Dyer (1908), p. 1726.

[FOOTNOTEU.S._War_Dept.,_''Official_Records'',_Vol._49/110–12-4] U.S. War Dept., Official Records, Vol. 49/1, pp. 10–12Report of Col. Felix Prince Salm, Sixty-eighth New York Infantry, January 31, 1865, pp. 10–12

[6] "Report of the Adjutant General of the State of Kansas, Vol. 1. - 1861-1865". ksgenweb.org. Retrieved 2024-07-22.

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