1925 Report for Reform in the East (Turkey)

The Report for Reform in the East (Turkish: Şark Islahat Raporu, or Şark Islahat Planı) was a report prepared by the Reform Council for the East (Turkish: Şark Islahat Encümeni) in response to the Sheik Said rebellion.^[1] The Reform Council was created on 8 September 1925 by Mustafa Kemal Atatürk and presided over by İsmet İnönü. Its members were selected from the highest political and military authorities like Chief of Staff Marshal Mustafa Fevzi Çakmak, Justice Minister Mahmut Esat Bozkurt, Commerce Minister Ali Cenani, Kâzım Özalp^[2] Şükrü Kaya, Abdülhalik Renda and Celâl Bayar.^[1]

On 25 September 1925, the Reform Council for the East presented its report in the Grand National Assembly of Turkey with the following recommendations for a reform plan (Şark Islahat Planı).^[1]

To impede the emergence of a Kurdish elite as a governing body
To resettle people whom the government believed might frustrate their policies
To reunite the provinces to the east of the Euphrates River under an administrative subdivision called the Inspectorate Generalm which would be ruled with martial law for an indefinite time
To forbid both the use of non-Turkish languages and the employment of Kurds in "second-level offices"
To provide 7 million Turkish liras for the resettlement of the Kurds in other areas

The report encouraged several resettlement laws^[2] and the establishment of three Inspectorates Generals which included provinces with a Kurdish majority.^[3] In the Inspectorates the use of the Kurdish language was prohibited in government buildings, schools or markets, and Turkish officials could punish the use of Kurdish according to a law that included fixed tariffs for each word in the Kurdish.^[4]

References

^ ^a ^b ^c Yadirgi, Veli (3 August 2017). The Political Economy of the Kurds of Turkey. Cambridge University Press. pp. 169–170. ISBN 978-1-107-18123-6.
^ ^a ^b Suny, Ronald Grigor; Göçek, Fatma Müge; Gocek, Fatma Muge; Naimark, Norman M.; Naimark, Robert and Florence McDonnell Professor of East European Studies Norman M. (2011-02-23). A Question of Genocide: Armenians and Turks at the End of the Ottoman Empire. Oxford University Press, USA. pp. 301–302. ISBN 978-0-19-539374-3.
^ Jongerden, Joost (28 May 2007). The Settlement Issue in Turkey and the Kurds: An Analysis of Spatial Policies, Modernity and War. BRILL. pp. 53. ISBN 978-90-474-2011-8.
^ Mango, Andrew (1994). "Turks and Kurds: Review Article". Middle Eastern Studies. 30 (4): 983–984. doi:10.1080/00263209408701034. ISSN 0026-3206. JSTOR 4283686 – via JSTOR.

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[:0-1] Yadirgi, Veli (3 August 2017). The Political Economy of the Kurds of Turkey. Cambridge University Press. pp. 169–170. ISBN 978-1-107-18123-6.

[:1-2] Suny, Ronald Grigor; Göçek, Fatma Müge; Gocek, Fatma Muge; Naimark, Norman M.; Naimark, Robert and Florence McDonnell Professor of East European Studies Norman M. (2011-02-23). A Question of Genocide: Armenians and Turks at the End of the Ottoman Empire. Oxford University Press, USA. pp. 301–302. ISBN 978-0-19-539374-3.

[3] Jongerden, Joost (28 May 2007). The Settlement Issue in Turkey and the Kurds: An Analysis of Spatial Policies, Modernity and War. BRILL. pp. 53. ISBN 978-90-474-2011-8.

[:3-4] Mango, Andrew (1994). "Turks and Kurds: Review Article". Middle Eastern Studies. 30 (4): 983–984. doi:10.1080/00263209408701034. ISSN 0026-3206. JSTOR 4283686 – via JSTOR.

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1925 Report for Reform in the East (Turkey)

See also

References