1982 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election

1982 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election

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All 294 seats in the West Bengal Legislative Assembly
148 seats needed for a majority
  Majority party Minority party
 
Jyoti Basu - Calcutta 1996-12-21 089 Cropped.png
Hand_INC.svg
Leader Jyoti Basu Ananda Gopal Mukherjee
Party CPI(M) INC(I)
Alliance LF INC(I)+IC(S)
Leader since 1964 1982
Leader's seat Satgachhia Did not contest[a]
Last election 35.46%, 178 seats New
Seats won 174 49
Seat change Decrease 4 Increase 49
Popular vote 8,655,371 8,035,272
Percentage 38.49% 35.73%
Swing Increase 3.03 pp Increase 35.73 pp

Chief Minister before election

Jyoti Basu
CPI(M)

Chief Minister after election

Jyoti Basu
CPI(M)

Legislative Assembly elections were held in the Indian state of West Bengal in 1982. The Left Front, which had won the 1977 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election, emerged victoriously. The Indian National Congress emerged as the main opposition party in the state, as the Janata Party was disintegrating.

Background

[edit]

On 6 January 1982 the West Bengal government requested that assembly elections be held on 15 March 1982, due to the approaching Monsoon season starting in April.[1] However, in the end the election was held in May 1982, parallel to state assembly elections in Kerala, Himachal Pradesh and Haryana.[2]

Left Front

[edit]

Ahead of the 1982 assembly elections, the Left Front had gained three new members; the Communist Party of India (CPI), the West Bengal Socialist Party (WBSP) and the Democratic Socialist Party (DSP).[3] Some of the older, smaller Left Front constituents were uncomfortable with the expansion of the alliance, claiming that CPI(M) was diluting it politically.[3] There were also disagreements on distribution of ministerial portfolios after the expansion of the alliance.[3] The Left Front campaign was heavily centred on the success of its land reform program & its empowerment of rural areas by conducting elections to the newly formed 3-tier panchayat system in 1978.

Congress (I)-Congress (S) alliance

[edit]

As of the early 1980s the Congress(I) was heavily divided in West Bengal. Divisions existed in each of the appointed ad hoc district committees across the state.[4]

In 1978 Sharad Pawar named former West Bengal Congress leader Priya Ranjan Dasmunsi as president of the West Bengal Pradesh Congress Committee (Socialist).[5] However Congress(I) and Congress(S) contested the 1982 in alliance.[6] The IC(S) performed poorly in the 1982 assembly elections and a merger of the West Bengal units of the Congress(S) into the Congress(I) took place soon after the 1982 polls.[5]

Congress(I) emerged as the largest opposition party in the election. Most of the seats previously held by the Janata Party were won by Congress(I) while also retaining the seats held by the Congress(R).[6] With the Janata Party eradicated from the assembly, West Bengal politics became polarized between the Left Front and Congress(I) for many years until 1998.[7]

Bharatiya Janata Party

[edit]

The Bharatiya Janata Party contested the West Bengal assembly election for the first time in 1982.[8] The primary objective of the party was to create a nucleus for a future third force in West Bengal politics.[8] The party supported the call of the West Bengal government to hold the elections in March 1982.[9]

Gorkhaland agitation

[edit]

In the wake of the 1980 Gorkhaland movement, a poll boycott campaign took place in the Darjeeling hills with the slogan "No State, No Vote".[10][11] Organizations calling for a poll boycott included the Pranta Parishad and the Gorkha National Liberation Front of Subhash Ghisingh.[12] Voter participation in Darjeeling stood at 59.40%, compared to the statewide 76.96%.[13] CPI(M) emerged as the sole party of relevance in the hills to oppose a separate Gorkhaland state.[12] CPI(M) won three out of the four assembly seats in the Nepali-dominated areas, the fourth going to an All India Gorkha League candidate (contesting as an independent).[11]

Results

[edit]

The Left Front emerged victorious, winning 238 out of 294 seats in the election.[7] The combined Left Front vote was 11,869,003 votes (52.7% of the votes cast in the state).[13]

According to an unnamed Western diplomat, quoted in India Today in regards to the polls, "Bengali democracy has come really close to the East European variant of the 'people's democracy' where nobody expects an upsetting victory or defeat".[6] Nevertheless, whilst the overall outcome was a landslide victory for the Left Front, the left also suffered a number of set-backs.[6] Six incumbent Left Front ministers were defeated in their respective constituencies.[13] The CPI(M) Information Minister Buddhadev Bhattacharya lost the Cossipur seat to Congress(I) candidate Prafulla Kanti Ghosh by 728 votes.[6][13] The CPI(M) Education Minister Partha De, noted for his policy of removing English language from the primary school curriculum, lost the Bankura seat.[6] The incumbent Food Minister, the Revolutionary Communist Party of India leader Sudhindranath Kumar, lost his seat Howrah Central.[14] Finance Minister and CPI(M) heavy-weight Ashok Mitra lost the Rash Behari Avenue seat to Congress(I) candidate Haimi Bose.[6] As Finance Minister Mitra had cracked down on the Sanchaita Savings Company, whose 'get-rich-quick' scheme had some 4,000 depositors in his constituency.[6]

In Calcutta Congress(I) managed to win 11 out of 22 seats.[6] Santosh Rana of the Provisional Central Committee, Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) lost his Gopiballavpur seat to CPI(M).[13]

The ninth West Bengal Legislative Assembly was constituted on 24 May 1982.[15] CPI(M) leader Jyoti Basu remained as Chief Minister, being sworn in for a second term.[6][16] Hasim Abdul Halim of CPI(M) became speaker of the Legislative Assembly, a post he would hold until 2011.[17]

Party Candidates Seats Votes %
Left Front Communist Party of India (Marxist) 209 174 8,655,371 38.49
All India Forward Bloc 34 28 1,327,849 5.90
Revolutionary Socialist Party 23 19 901,723 4.01
Communist Party of India 12 7 407,660 1.81
Revolutionary Communist Party of India 3 2 106,973 0.48
Marxist Forward Bloc 2 2 80,307 0.36
Biplobi Bangla Congress 1 0 34,185 0.15
West Bengal Socialist Party and
Democratic Socialist Party
10 6 354,935 1.58
Indian National Congress (I) 250 49 8,035,272 35.73
Indian Congress (Socialist) 28 4 885,535 3.94
Socialist Unity Centre of India 34 2 232,573 1.03
Janata Party 93 0 187,513 0.83
Bharatiya Janata Party 52 0 129,994 0.58
Indian Union Muslim League 4 0 129,116 0.57
Lok Dal 16 0 22,361 0.10
Jharkhand Mukti Morcha 1 0 1,268 0.01
Independents 432 1 994,701 4.42
Total 1,204 294 22,487,336 100
Source: ECI [18]

Elected members

[edit]
Constituency Reserved for
(SC/ST/None)
Member Party
Mekliganj SC Sada Kanta Roy All India Forward Bloc
Sitalkuchi SC Sudhir Pramanik Communist Party of India
Mathabhanga SC Dinesh Chandra Dakua Communist Party of India
Cooch Behar North None Aparajita Goppi All India Forward Bloc
Cooch Behar West None Bimal Kanti Basu All India Forward Bloc
Sitai None Dipak Sen Gupta All India Forward Bloc
Dinhata None Kamal Guha All India Forward Bloc
Natabari None Sibendra Narayan Chowdhury Communist Party of India
Tufanganj SC Manindra Nath Barma Communist Party of India
Kumargram ST Subodh Uraon Revolutionary Socialist Party
Kalchini ST Manohar Tirkey Revolutionary Socialist Party
Alipurduars None Nani Bhattacharya Revolutionary Socialist Party
Falakata SC Jogendra Nath Singh Roy Communist Party of India
Madarihat ST Sushil Kujur Revolutionary Socialist Party
Dhupguri SC Banamali Roy Communist Party of India
Nagrakata ST Punai Uraon Communist Party of India
Mainaguri SC Tarak Bandhu Roy Revolutionary Socialist Party
Mal ST Mohanlal Oraon Communist Party of India
Kranti None Parimal Mitra Communist Party of India
Jalpaiguri None Nirmal Bose All India Forward Bloc
Rayganj SC Dhirendra Nath Ray Communist Party of India
Kalimpong None Renu Leena Subba Independent
Darjeeling None Dawa Lama Communist Party of India
Kurseong None H. B. Rai Communist Party of India
Siliguri None Biren Bose Communist Party of India
Phansidewa ST Patras Minz Communist Party of India
Chopra None Mahammad Bacha Munshi Communist Party of India
Islampur None Choudhary Md. Abdulkarim Indian National Congress
Goalpokhar None Mohammad Ramjan Ali All India Forward Bloc
Karandighi None Suresh Singha All India Forward Bloc
Raiganj SC Dipendra Barman Indian National Congress
Kaliaganj SC Naba Kumar Roy Indian National Congress
Kushmandi SC Dhirendra Nath Sarkar Indian National Congress
Itahar None Abedin Zainal Indian Congress
Gangarampur None Moslehuddin Ahmed Indian Congress
Tapan ST Khara Soren Revolutionary Socialist Party
Kumarganj None Dwijendra Nath Ray Communist Party of India
Balurghat None Biswanath Choudhury Revolutionary Socialist Party
Habibpur ST Sarkar Murmu Communist Party of India
Gajol ST Sufal Murmu Communist Party of India
Kharba None Mahbubul Hoque Indian National Congress
Harishchandrapur None Abdul Wahed Indian National Congress
Ratua None Samar Mukherjee Indian National Congress
Araidanga None Habib Mustafa Communist Party of India
Malda SC Phani Bhusan Roy Indian National Congress
Englishbazar None Sailen Sarkar Communist Party of India
Manikchak None Jokhilal Mandal Indian National Congress
Suzapur None Humayoun Chowdhury Indian National Congress
Kaliachak None Promode Ranjan Bose Communist Party of India
Farakka None Abul Hasnat Khan Communist Party of India
Aurangabad None Lutfal Haque Indian National Congress
Suti None Shish Mohammad Revolutionary Socialist Party
Sagardighi SC Biswas Hazari Communist Party of India
Jangipur None Habibur Rahaman Indian National Congress
Lalgola None Abdus Sattar Indian National Congress
Bhagabangola None Kazi Hafizur Rahman Indian National Congress
Nabagram None Birendra Narayan Ray Communist Party of India
Murshidabad None Chhaya Ghosh All India Forward Bloc
Jalangi None Atahar Rahaman Communist Party of India
Domkal None Md. Abdul Bari Communist Party of India
Naoda None Jayanta Kumar Biswas Revolutionary Socialist Party
Hariharpara None Sk. Imajuddin Indian National Congress
Berhampore None Debabrata Bandapadhyay Revolutionary Socialist Party
Beldanga None Nurual Islam Choudhury Indian National Congress
Kandi None Atish Chandra Sinha Indian National Congress
Khargram SC Dinabandhu Majhi Communist Party of India
Barwan None Amalendra Roy Revolutionary Socialist Party
Bharatpur None Satyapada Bhattacharya Revolutionary Socialist Party
Karimpur None Chittaranjan Biswas Communist Party of India
Palashipara None Madhabendu Mahanta Communist Party of India
Nakashipara None Mir Fakir Mohammad Communist Party of India
Kaliganj None Debsaran Ghosh Revolutionary Socialist Party
Chapra None Sahabuddin Mondal Communist Party of India
Krishnaganj SC Jnanendra Nath Biswas Communist Party of India
Krishnagar East None Sadhan Chattopadhy Y Communist Party of India
Krishnagar West None Amritendu Mukhopadhyay Communist Party of India
Nabadwip None Debi Prasad Basu Communist Party of India
Santipur None Bimalananda Mukherjee Independent
Hanskhali SC Sukumar Mandal Communist Party of India
Ranaghat East SC Satish Biswas Communist Party of India
Ranaghat West None Gourchandra Kundu Communist Party of India
Chakdaha None Subhas Basu Communist Party of India
Haringhata None Nanigopal Malakar Communist Party of India
Bagdaha SC Kamalakshmi Biswas All India Forward Bloc
Bongaon None Bhupendra Nath Seth Indian National Congress
Gaighata None Kanti Biswar Communist Party of India
Habra None Nirode Roy Choudhury Communist Party of India
Ashokenagar None Nani Kar Communist Party of India
Amdanga None Hashim Abdul Halim Communist Party of India
Barasat None Saral Deb All India Forward Bloc
Rajarhat SC Rabindra Nath Mandal Communist Party of India
Deganga None Martaza Hossain All India Forward Bloc
Swarupnagar None Anisur Rahaman Biswas Communist Party of India
Baduria None Quazi Abdul Gaffar Indian National Congress
Basirhat None Narayandas Mukherjee Communist Party of India
Hasnabad None Amiya Bhusan Banerjee Communist Party of India
Haroa SC Kshiti Ranjan Mondal Communist Party of India
Sandeshkhali SC Kumud Ranjan Biswas Communist Party of India
Hingalganj SC Sudhangshu Sekhar Mondal Communist Party of India
Gosaba SC Ganesh Mondal Revolutionary Socialist Party
Basanti SC Subhas Naskar Revolutionary Socialist Party
Kultali SC Prabodh Purkait Socialist Unity Centre of India
Joynagar None Deva Prasad Sarkar Socialist Unity Centre of India
Baruipur None Hemen Mojumdar Communist Party of India
Canning West SC Chitta Ranjan Mridha Communist Party of India
Canning East None Abdur Razzak Molla Communist Party of India
Bhangar None Daud Khan Communist Party of India
Jadavpur None Sankar Gupta Communist Party of India
Sonarpur SC Gangadhar Naskar Communist Party of India
Bishnupur East SC Sundar Naskar Communist Party of India
Bishnupur West None Provash Chandra Roy Communist Party of India
Behala East None Niranjan Mukherjee Communist Party of India
Behala West None Rabin Mukherjee Communist Party of India
Garden Reach None Shamsuzzoha Indian National Congress
Maheshtala None Mir Abdus Sayeed Communist Party of India
Budge Budge None Kshitibhusan Roybarman Communist Party of India
Satgachia None Jyoti Basu Communist Party of India
Falta None Nimai Das Communist Party of India
Diamond Harbour None Abdul Quiyam Molla Communist Party of India
Magrahat West None Abdus Sobahan Gazi Communist Party of India
Magrahat East SC Radhika Ranjan Pramanik Communist Party of India
Mandirbazar SC Subhash Chandra Ray Communist Party of India
Mathurapur None Satya Ranjan Bapuli Indian National Congress
Kulpi SC Krishandhan Halder Communist Party of India
Patharpratima None Gunadhar Maity Communist Party of India
Kakdwip None Hrishikesh Maity Communist Party of India
Sagar None Prabhanjan Kumar Mandal Communist Party of India
Bijpur None Jagadish Chandra Das Communist Party of India
Naihati None Ajit Basu Communist Party of India
Bhatpara None Sitaram Gupta Communist Party of India
Jagatdal None Nihar Basu All India Forward Bloc
Noapara None Jamini Saha Communist Party of India
Titagarh None Ganga Prasad Sha Indian National Congress
Khardah None Kamal Sarkar Communist Party of India
Panihati None Gopal Krishna Bhattacharyya Communist Party of India
Kamarhati None Radhika Ranjan Baneji Communist Party of India
Baranagar None Matish Roy Revolutionary Socialist Party
Dum Dum None Santi Ranjan Ghatak Communist Party of India
Belgachia East None Subhas Chakraborty Communist Party of India
Cossipur None Prafullya Kanti Ghosh Indian National Congress
Shyampukur None Kiran Chaudhuri Indian National Congress
Jorabagan None Subrata Mukherjee Indian National Congress
Jorasanko None Deokinnandan Poddar Indian National Congress
Bara Bazar None Rajesh Khaitan Indian National Congress
Bow Bazar None Abdul Rauf Ansari Indian National Congress
Chowringhee None Sisir Kumar Bose Indian National Congress
Kabitirtha None Kalimuddin Shams All India Forward Bloc
Alipore None Anup Kumar Chandra Indian National Congress
Rashbehari Avenue None Hoimi Basu Indian National Congress
Tollygunge None Prasanta Kumar Sur Communist Party of India
Dhakuria None Jatin Chakraborty Revolutionary Socialist Party
Ballygunge None Sachin Sen Communist Party of India
Entally None Md. Nizamuddin Communist Party of India
Taltola SC Sumanta Kumar Hira Communist Party of India
Beliaghata None Krishna Pada Ghosh Communist Party of India
Sealdah None Somendra Nath Mitra Indian National Congress
Vidyasagar None Lakshmi Kant Dey Communist Party of India
Burtola None Ajit Kumar Panja Indian National Congress
Manicktola None Shyamal Chakrabarty Communist Party of India
Belgachia West None Rathindra Nath Roy Communist Party of India
Bally None Patit Paban Pathak Communist Party of India
Howrah North None Ashoke Ghosh Indian National Congress
Howrah Central None Ambica Banerjee Indian National Congress
Howrah South None Pralay Talukdar Communist Party of India
Shibpur None Kanailal Bhattacharya All India Forward Bloc
Domjur None Joykesh Mukherjee Communist Party of India
Jagatballavpur None M.ansaruddin Communist Party of India
Panchla None Anwar Ali Sk. Indian National Congress
Sankrail SC Haran Hazra Communist Party of India
Uluberia North SC Raj Kumar Mondal Communist Party of India
Uluberia South None Rabindra Ghosh All India Forward Bloc
Shyampur None Gourhari Adak All India Forward Bloc
Bagnan None Nerupama Chatterjee Communist Party of India
Kalyanpur None Nitai Charan Adak Communist Party of India
Amta None Barindra Nath Koley Communist Party of India
Udaynarayanpur None Pannalal Maji Communist Party of India
Jangipara None Manindra Nath Jana Communist Party of India
Chanditala None Malin Ghose Communist Party of India
Uttarpara None Santasri Chattapadhyay Communist Party of India
Serampore None Arun Kumar Goswami Indian National Congress
Champdani None Sailendra Nath Chattopadhyay Communist Party of India
Chandernagore None Bhabani Mukherjee Communist Party of India
Singur None Tarapada Sadhykhan Indian National Congress
Haripal None Balai Bandyopadhya Communist Party of India
Tarakeswar None Ram Chatterjee Independent
Chinsurah None Ghosh Sambhu Charan All India Forward Bloc
Bansberia None Prabir Sengupta Communist Party of India
Balagarh SC Abinash Pramanik Communist Party of India
Pandua None Chakraborty Deb Narayan Communist Party of India
Polba None Brajo Gopal Neogy Communist Party of India
Dhaniakhali SC Kripa Sindhu Saha All India Forward Bloc
Pursurah None Santi Mohun Roy Indian National Congress
Khanakul SC Sachindra Nath Hajra Communist Party of India
Arambagh None Abdul Mannan Indian National Congress
Goghat SC Shiba Parsad Malick All India Forward Bloc
Chandrakona None Umpati Chakraborty Communist Party of India
Ghatal SC Gopal Mandal Communist Party of India
Daspur None Prabhas Poodikar Communist Party of India
Nandanpur None Chhaya Bera Communist Party of India
Panskura West None Omar Ali Communist Party of India
Panskura East None Swadesranjan Maji Independent
Tamluk None Biswanath Mukherjee Communist Party of India
Moyna None Pulak Bera Communist Party of India
Mahishadal None Dinabandu Mondal Communist Party of India
Sutahata SC Lakshman Chandra Seth Communist Party of India
Nandigram None Bhupal Panda Communist Party of India
Narghat None Bankim Behari Maity Independent
Bhagabanpur None Prasanta Kumar Pradhran Communist Party of India
Khajuri SC Sunirmal Paik Independent
Contai North None Maity Mukul Bikash Indian National Congress
Contai South None Adhikary Sisir Indian National Congress
Ramnagar None Abanti Mishra Indian National Congress
Egra None Sinha Prabodh Chandra Independent
Mugberia None Kiranmoy Nanda Independent
Pataspur None Kamakhya Nandan Das Mahapatra Communist Party of India
Sabang None Manas Bhunia Indian National Congress
Pingla None Haripada Jana Independent
Debra None Syed Moazzam Hossain Communist Party of India
Keshpur SC Kumar Himansu Communist Party of India
Garhbeta East None Suvendu Mandal Communist Party of India
Garhbeta West SC Anadi Malla Communist Party of India
Salbani None Sundar Hazra Communist Party of India
Midnapore None Kamakhya Ghosh Communist Party of India
Kharagpur Town None Gyan Singh Sohanpal Indian Congress
Kharagpur Rural None Sk.siraj Ali Communist Party of India
Keshiari ST Maheswar Murmu Communist Party of India
Narayangarh None Bibhuti Bhusan De Communist Party of India
Dantan None Kanai Bhowmik Communist Party of India
Nayagram ST Ananta Saren Communist Party of India
Gopiballavpur None De Sunil Communist Party of India
Jhargram None Abani Bhusan Satpati Communist Party of India
Binpur ST Sambhu Nath Mandi Communist Party of India
Banduan ST Sudhangshu Sarkar Majhi Communist Party of India
Manbazar None Kamala Kanta Mahato Communist Party of India
Balrampur ST Bikram Tudu Communist Party of India
Arsa None Dhrubeswar Chttopadhaya All India Forward Bloc
Jhalda None Subhas Chandra Mahato Indian National Congress
Jaipur None Santi Ram Mahato Indian National Congress
Purulia None Sukumar Roy Indian Congress
Para SC Gobinda Bouri Communist Party of India
Raghunathpur SC Natabar Bagdi Communist Party of India
Kashipur ST Surendra Nath Majhi Communist Party of India
Hura None Ambarish Mukherjee Communist Party of India
Taldangra None Mohini Mohan Panda Communist Party of India
Raipur ST Upen Kisku Communist Party of India
Ranibandh ST Rampada Mandi Communist Party of India
Indpur SC Bauri Madan Communist Party of India
Chhatna None Goswani Subhas Revolutionary Socialist Party
Gangajalghati SC Bouri Nabani Communist Party of India
Barjora None Bhattcharya Lal Behari Communist Party of India
Bankura None Kashinath Mishra Indian National Congress
Onda None Anil Mukhopadhyay All India Forward Bloc
Vishnupur None Achintya Krishna Ray Communist Party of India
Kotulpur None Gunadhar Choudhury Communist Party of India
Indas SC Badan Bora Communist Party of India
Sonamukhi SC Sukhendu Khan Communist Party of India
Kulti None Madhu Benerjee All India Forward Bloc
Barabani None Ajt Chakrabarty Communist Party of India
Hirapur None Bamapada Mukherjee Communist Party of India
Asansol None Bejoy Pal Communist Party of India
Raniganj None Haradhan Roy Communist Party of India
Jamuria None Bikash Chowdhury Communist Party of India
Ukhra SC Lakhan Bagdi Communist Party of India
Durgapur-i None Dilip Mazumdar Communist Party of India
Durgapur-ii None Tarun Chatterjee Communist Party of India
Kanksa SC Lakshi Narayan Saha Communist Party of India
Ausgram SC Sreedhar Malik Communist Party of India
Bhatar None Sayed Md. Masih Communist Party of India
Galsi None Sen Deb Ranjan All India Forward Bloc
Burdwan North None Goswami Ramnarayan Communist Party of India
Burdwan South None Chowdhury Benoy Krishna Communist Party of India
Khandaghosh SC Purna Chandra Malik Communist Party of India
Raina None Dhirendra Nath Chatterjee Communist Party of India
Jamalpur SC Sunil Santra Independent
Memari None Moharani Konar Communist Party of India
Kalna None Anju Kar Communist Party of India
Nadanghat None S.a.m. Habibullah Communist Party of India
Manteswar None Hemanta Roy Communist Party of India
Purbasthali None Monoranjan Nath Communist Party of India
Katwa None Haramohan Sinha Communist Party of India
Mangalkot None Nikhilananda Sar Communist Party of India
Ketugram SC Raicharan Majhi Communist Party of India
Nanur SC Banamali Das Communist Party of India
Bolpur None Jyotsna Kumar Gupta Revolutionary Socialist Party
Labhpur None Sunil Majumder Communist Party of India
Dubrajpur None Bhakti Bhusan Mandal All India Forward Bloc
Rajnagar SC Siddheswar Mandal All India Forward Bloc
Suri None Chattaraj Suniti Indian National Congress
Mahammad Bazar None Dhiren Sen Communist Party of India
Mayureswar SC Dhirendra Let Communist Party of India
Rampurhat None Sasanka Sekhar Mondal All India Forward Bloc
Hansan SC Trilochan Mal Independent
Nalhati None Sattik Kumar Roy All India Forward Bloc
Murarai None Motahar Hossain Indian National Congress

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ Mukherjee was the sitting MP for Asansol

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Report on the Election to the Office of President of India, 1982 and Legislative Assemblies, Delhi Metropolitan Council, 1982–83: Narrative. Election Commission of India. 1983.
  2. ^ The Commonwealth Yearbook. H.M. Stationery Office. 1991. p. 216.
  3. ^ a b c Amrita Basu (1 October 1994). Two Faces of Protest: Contrasting Modes of Women's Activism in India. University of California Press. p. 44. ISBN 978-0-520-08919-8.
  4. ^ India Today. Year of reckoning
  5. ^ a b Stig Toft Madsen; Kenneth Bo Nielsen; Uwe Skoda (2011). Trysts with Democracy: Political Practice in South Asia. Anthem Press. p. 165. ISBN 978-0-85728-773-1.
  6. ^ a b c d e f g h i j India Today. West Bengal: Keeping to the Left
  7. ^ a b N. Jose Chander (1 January 2004). Coalition Politics: The Indian Experience. Concept Publishing Company. p. 106. ISBN 978-81-8069-092-1.
  8. ^ a b Pratap Chandra Swain (2001). Bharatiya Janata Party: Profile and Performance. APH Publishing. p. 194. ISBN 978-81-7648-257-8.
  9. ^ The Annual Register of Indian Political Parties. Michiko & Panjathan. 1982. p. 108.
  10. ^ Amiya K. Samanta (2000). Gorkhaland Movement: A Study in Ethnic Separatism. APH Publishing. p. 274. ISBN 978-81-7648-166-3.
  11. ^ a b Snehamoy Chaklader (2004). Sub-regional movement in India: with reference to Bodoland and Gorkhaland. K.P. Bagchi & Co. p. 85. ISBN 978-81-7074-266-1.
  12. ^ a b India Today. Nepalis: Demanding a voice
  13. ^ a b c d e Election Commission of India. STATISTICAL REPORT ON GENERAL ELECTION, 1982 TO THE LEGISLATIVE ASSEMBLY OF WEST BENGAL
  14. ^ India Today. West Bengal: Seating scrap
  15. ^ State Legislative Assembly West Bengal. West Bengal Legislative Assembly Under the constitution of India
  16. ^ PEU GHOSH (3 September 2012). Indian Government and Politics. PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd. p. 331. ISBN 978-81-203-4649-9.
  17. ^ Ganashakti. Lal Salam Comrade Halim Archived 21 November 2016 at the Wayback Machine
  18. ^ West Bengal (India). Legislature. Legislative Assembly (July 1983). List of Members. Superintendent, Government Print. p. 9.