2023 Nigerian Senate election

2023 Nigerian Senate election
← 2019 25 February 2023[note 1] 2027 →
All 109 seats in the Senate of Nigeria
55 seats needed for a majority
  Majority party Minority party Third party
 
PDP
Leader Ahmad Lawan Philips Tanimu Aduda
Party APC PDP LP
Leader's seat Yobe North Federal Capital Territory
(lost seat)
Last election 63 44 0
Seats before 59 40 1
Seats after 59 37 7
Seat change 0 -3 +6
Legend
  •      APC incumbent retiring or lost renomination
  •      APC incumbent running
  •      APGA incumbent running
  •      LP incumbent running
  •      NNPP incumbent retiring or lost renomination
  •      NNPP incumbent running
  •      PDP incumbent retiring, lost renomination, or status yet to be determined
  •      PDP incumbent running
  •      SDP incumbent running
  •      YPP incumbent retiring
  •      YPP incumbent running
  •      Vacant
Senate President before election

Ahmad Lawan
APC

Elected Senate President

Godswill Akpabio
APC

The 2023 Nigerian Senate elections were held on 25 February 2023 in all 109 senatorial districts where voters elected senators using first-past-the-post voting.[1][2] The last regular senatorial elections for all districts were in 2019.

Other federal elections, including the elections to the House of Representatives and the presidential election, were also held on the same date while state elections was held two weeks afterwards on 11 March. The winners of these Senate elections will serve beginning in the 10th Nigerian National Assembly. The APC have held a majority in the Senate since the 2015 elections and solidified that majority in 2019.

As of May 2023, the APC had retained its 59 seats, while the PDP had lost 3 for a total of 37. The Labour Party won seats in its own name for the first time, taking 7 mandates, while smaller parties, such as the NNPP and Social Democratic Party, took a total of 5. One seat has not yet been called.

Background

[edit]

After the 2015–2019 Senate term led by President of the Senate Bukola Saraki (Peoples Democratic Party) and with a slight All Progressives Congress majority, the 2019 elections were categorized by a large shift back towards the APC and the defeats of multiple high-profile senators—including Saraki. As in the House of Representatives, the APC solidified its majority after nearly losing it due to defections in 2018.

At the opening of the 9th Nigeria National Assembly, Ahmad Lawan (APC-Yobe North) was elected as Senate President and Ovie Omo-Agege (APC-Delta Central) became Deputy Senate President as the party avoided the internal struggles that led Saraki and Ike Ekweremadu to take those offices in 2015. Enyinnaya Abaribe (PDP-Abia South) became the Senate Minority Leader.[3][4] During the first two years of the 2019–2023 term, the APC expanded its majority through the defections of six formerly PDP senators[note 2] but in the second half of the term, both parties were hit by several defections[note 3] as party primaries for 2023 neared along with three APC resignations.[note 4] More defections occurred in the wake of party primaries as senators decamped to new parties (mainly in order to run for re-election),[note 5] most notably Abaribe who resigned as Minority Leader and joined APGA to run for re-election after withdrawing from the Abia PDP gubernatorial primary.

From the perspective of the APC, analysts viewed the 9th Senate as a change from the legislature versus executive disputes that were commonplace during the 8th Senate but critics derided the chamber as a rubber stamp that lacked the initiative to advocate for itself against the executive branch.[5] In terms of specific major bills, the Senate was noted for passing the Sexual Harassment Bill in July 2020, the Finance Bill 2020 in December 2020, the Petroleum Industry Bill in July 2021, a new Electoral Act in January 2022, dozens of constitutional amendments and the Proceeds of Crime Bill in March 2022, and an Electoral Act amendment in May 2022 as well as being commended for rejecting former Buhari aide Lauretta Onochie's nomination to INEC.[6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13] On the other hand, it was criticized for voting down constitutional amendments for mandating women slots in legislatures and diaspora voting along with the continuous stalling of a key gender equality bill and rampant misappropriation of public funds.[14][15][16][17][18] The senate was also accused of dereliction of oversight duty after several ministerial nominees were either barely questioned or asked to "take a bow" and go without questioning at confirmation hearings.[19][20][21]

Retirements

[edit]

In total, 31 senators—including 17 APC senators, one NNPP senator, 12 PDP senators, and one YPP senator—decided to retire, 22 of whom are seeking another office.

  1. Abia Central: Theodore Orji (PDP) retired.[22]
  2. Adamawa Central: Aishatu Dahiru Ahmed (APC) retired to run for governor of Adamawa State.[23]
  3. Akwa Ibom North-East: Bassey Albert Akpan (YPP) retired to run for governor of Akwa Ibom State.[24]
  4. Akwa Ibom North-West: Chris Ekpenyong (PDP) retired.
  5. Akwa Ibom South: Akon Eyakenyi (PDP) retired.
  6. Bauchi Central: Halliru Dauda Jika (NNPP) retired to run for governor of Bauchi State.
  7. Benue North-West: Emmanuel Yisa Orker-Jev (PDP) retired.
  8. Cross River Central: Sandy Ojang Onor (PDP) retired to run for governor of Cross River State.[25]
  9. Cross River South: Gershom Bassey (PDP) retired to unsuccessfully run for governor of Cross River State.[25]
  10. Delta Central: Ovie Omo-Agege (APC) retired to run for governor of Delta State.[26]
  11. Delta South: James Manager (PDP) retired to unsuccessfully run for governor of Delta State.[27]
  12. Ebonyi Central: Joseph Ogba (PDP) retired to unsuccessfully run for governor of Ebonyi State.[28]
  13. Enugu North: Utazi Chukwuka (PDP) retired.[29]
  14. Enugu West: Ike Ekweremadu (PDP) retired to unsuccessfully run for governor of Enugu State.[30]
  15. Imo West: Rochas Okorocha (APC) retired to unsuccessfully run for president.[31]
  16. Jigawa North-East: Ibrahim Hassan Hadejia (APC) is retired unsuccessfully run for governor of Jigawa State.
  17. Kaduna Central: Uba Sani (APC) retired to run for governor of Kaduna State.[32]
  18. Kogi Central: Yakubu Oseni (APC) retired.
  19. Lagos Central: Oluremi Tinubu (APC) retired.
  20. Lagos West: Solomon Olamilekan Adeola (APC) retired to run for senator for Ogun West.[33]
  21. Ogun Central: Ibikunle Amosun (APC) retired to unsuccessfully run for president.[34]
  22. Ondo North: Robert Ajayi Boroffice (APC) retired to unsuccessfully run for president.[35]
  23. Oyo Central: Teslim Folarin (APC) retired to run for governor of Oyo State.[36]
  24. Plateau Central: Hezekiah Ayuba Dimka (APC) retired to unsuccessfully run for governor of Plateau State.[37]
  25. Rivers East: Betty Apiafi (PDP) retired.
  26. Rivers East: George Thompson Sekibo (PDP) retired to unsuccessfully run for governor of Rivers State.[38]
  27. Sokoto East: Abdullahi Ibrahim Gobir (APC) retired to unsuccessfully run for governor of Sokoto State.
  28. Taraba Central: Yusuf Abubakar Yusuf (APC) retired to unsuccessfully run for governor of Taraba State.
  29. Taraba South: Emmanuel Bwacha (APC) retired to run for governor of Taraba State.
  30. Yobe North: Ahmad Lawan (APC) is retired to unsuccessfully run for president.[note 6]
  1. Zamfara West: Lawali Hassan Anka (APC) retired.

Resignations

[edit]

Three seats will be vacant on the day of the election due to resignations, none of which will be filled until the next Senate.

  1. Borno North: Abubakar Kyari (APC) resigned on 12 April 2022 to become APC Deputy National Chairman (North).[41]
  2. Nasarawa West: Abdullahi Adamu (APC) resigned on 12 April 2022 to become APC National Chairman.[41]
  3. Zamfara Central: Hassan Nasiha (APC) resigned on 23 February 2022 to become Deputy Governor of Zamfara State.[42]

Incumbents withdrew

[edit]

From primary elections

[edit]

Six incumbents withdrew from primary elections. However, three of the senators later decamped from their original party and won the nomination of their new party.

  1. Edo North: Francis Alimikhena (then-APC) withdrew from the primary election. However, Alimikhena defected to the PDP and became its (disputed) senatorial nominee.
  2. Jigawa North-West: Danladi Abdullahi Sankara (APC) withdrew from the primary election.
  3. Kebbi Central: Adamu Aliero (then-APC) withdrew from the primary election. However, Aliero defected to the PDP and became its (disputed) senatorial nominee.
  4. Nasarawa North: Godiya Akwashiki (then-APC) withdrew from the primary election. However, Akwashiki defected to the SDP and became its senatorial nominee.
  5. Ogun East: Ramoni Olalekan Mustapha (APC) withdrew from the primary election.[43]
  6. Plateau South: Nora Daduut withdrew from the primary election.[44]

From nomination

[edit]

One incumbent withdrew from their nomination.

  1. Borno Central: Kashim Shettima (APC) won renomination but withdrew from the nomination to become the APC nominee for vice president.

Incumbents defeated

[edit]

In primary elections

[edit]

Twenty incumbents (12 APC senators and 8 PDP senators) lost in primary elections. After the primary elections, three of the senators (2 APC senators and 1 PDP senator) defected to new parties with two of the senators (one each in the APC and PDP) then winning the nomination of the new party.

  1. Bauchi North: Adamu Muhammad Bulkachuwa (APC) lost renomination to Siraj Ibrahim Tanko Muhammad. Bulkachuwa later defected to the PDP.
  2. Bauchi South: Lawal Yahaya Gumau (then-APC) lost renomination to Shehu Buba Umar. However, Gumau later defected to the NNPP and became its senatorial nominee.
  3. Bayelsa Central: Moses Cleopas (PDP) lost renomination to Konbowei Benson.
  4. Edo South: Matthew Urhoghide (PDP) lost renomination to Matthew Iduoriyekemwen.
  5. Ekiti North: Olubunmi Ayodeji Adetunmbi (APC) lost renomination to Cyril Fasuyi.
  6. Gombe South: Amos Bulus Kilawangs (APC) lost renomination to Joshua M. Lidani.
  7. Imo East: Ezenwa Francis Onyewuchi (then-PDP) lost renomination to Uche Onyegucha. However, Onyewuchi later defected to the LP and became its senatorial nominee.
  8. Imo North: Chukwuma Frank Ibezim (APC) lost renomination to Patrick Ndubueze.
  9. Kaduna South: Danjuma Laah (PDP) lost renomination to Sunday Marshall Katunɡ.
  10. Katsina Central: Kabir Abdullahi Barkiya (APC) lost renomination to Abdul'aziz Musa Yar'adua.
  11. Katsina South: Bello Mandiya (APC) lost renomination to Mohammed Muntari Dandutse.
  12. Kogi West: Smart Adeyemi (APC) lost renomination to Sunday Karimi.
  13. Kwara Central: Ibrahim Yahaya Oloriegbe (APC) lost renomination to Saliu Mustapha.
  14. Niger North: Aliyu Sabi Abdullahi (APC) lost renomination to Abubakar Sani Bello.
  15. Ogun West: Tolu Odebiyi (APC) lost renomination to Solomon Olamilekan Adeola.
  16. Ondo Central: Patrick Ayo Akinyelure (PDP) lost renomination to Ifedayo Adedipe.
  17. Ondo South: Nicholas Tofowomo (PDP) lost renomination to Agboola Ajayi.
  18. Osun West: Adelere Adeyemi Oriolowo (APC) lost renomination to Raheem Amidu Tadese.
  19. Oyo South: Mohammed Kola Balogun (APC) lost nomination to Sharafadeen Alli.
  20. Plateau North: Istifanus Gyang (PDP) lost renomination to Simon Mwadkwon.

In general elections

[edit]

Twenty-one incumbents (10 APC senators, one NNPP senator, and 10 PDP senators) lost in general elections.

  1. Anambra Central: Uche Ekwunife (PDP) lost re-election to Victor Umeh (LP).
  2. Anambra North: Stella Oduah (PDP) lost re-election to Tony Nwoye (LP).
  3. Bauchi South: Lawal Yahaya Gumau (NNPP) lost re-election to Shehu Buba Umar (APC).
  4. Bayelsa East: Biobarakuma Degi (APC) lost re-election to Benson Agadaga (PDP).
  5. Benue North-East: Gabriel Suswam (PDP) lost re-election to Emmanuel Memga Udende (APC).
  6. Delta North: Peter Nwaoboshi (APC) lost re-election to Ned Nwoko (PDP).
  7. Ebonyi North: Sam Egwu (PDP) lost re-election to Onyekachi Nwaebonyi (APC).
  8. Ebonyi South: Michael Ama Nnachi (PDP) lost re-election to Dave Umahi (APC).
  9. Edo Central: Clifford Ordia (PDP) lost re-election to Monday Okpebholo (APC).
  10. Edo North: Francis Alimikhena (PDP) lost re-election to Adams Oshiomhole (APC).
  11. Ekiti South: Abiodun Olujimi (PDP) lost re-election to Raphael Adeyemi Adaramodu (APC).
  12. Federal Capital Territory: Philips Tanimu Aduda (PDP) lost re-election to Ireti Kingibe (LP).
  13. Gombe North: Sa'idu Ahmed Alkali (APC) lost re-election to Ibrahim Hassan Dankwambo (PDP).
  14. Jigawa South-West: Mohammed Sabo Nakudu (APC) lost re-election to Mustapha Khabeeb (PDP).
  15. Kaduna North: Suleiman Abdu Kwari (APC) lost re-election to Khalid Mustapha (PDP).
  16. Kano South: Kabiru Ibrahim Gaya (APC) lost re-election to Suleiman Abdurrahman Kawu Sumaila (NNPP).
  17. Katsina North: Ahmad Babba Kaita (PDP) lost re-election to Nasiru Sani Zangon Daura (APC).
  18. Kebbi South: Bala Ibn Na'allah (APC) lost re-election to Garba Musa Maidoki (PDP).
  19. Nasarawa South: Umaru Tanko Al-Makura (APC) lost re-election to Mohammed Ogoshi Onawo (PDP).
  20. Niger South: Muhammad Bima Enagi (APC) lost re-election to Peter Ndalikali Jiya (PDP).
  21. Osun Central: Ajibola Basiru (APC) lost re-election to Olubiyi Fadeyi (PDP).

Results

[edit]

National

[edit]
PartyVotes%Seats+/–
All Progressives Congress59-5
Peoples Democratic Party37-7
Labour Party7+7
New Nigeria People's Party2New
Social Democratic Party2+2
All Progressives Grand Alliance1+1
Young Progressives Party10
Total1090
Registered voters/turnout93,469,008–
Source: [45] [46] [47] [48]

Summary

[edit]
Parties Total
APC PDP YPP NNPP APGA LP SDP Vacant
Last election (2019) 63 44 1 0 0 0 0 1[note 7] 109
Before these elections 59 40 2 2 1 1 1 3 109

Principal officers' races

[edit]
Office Name Party District Votes % Position Result
Presiding officers Senate President Ahmad Lawan APC Yobe North TBD[note 8] 1st checkY Re-elected
Deputy Senate President Ovie Omo-Agege APC Delta Central Did not seek re-election ☒N Not re-elected
Majority leadership Majority Leader Abdullahi Ibrahim Gobir APC Sokoto East Did not seek re-election ☒N Not re-elected
Deputy Majority Leader Robert Ajayi Boroffice APC Ondo North Did not seek re-election ☒N Not re-elected
Majority Whip Orji Uzor Kalu APC Abia North TBD 1st checkY Re-elected
Deputy Majority Whip Aliyu Sabi Abdullahi APC Niger North Lost renomination ☒N Not re-elected
Minority leadership Minority Leader Philips Tanimu Aduda PDP FCT TBD 2nd ☒N Not re-elected
Deputy Minority Leader Shuaibu Isa Lau PDP Taraba North TBD 1st checkY Re-elected
Minority Whip Utazi Chukwuka PDP Enugu North Did not seek re-election ☒N Not re-elected
Deputy Minority Whip Danjuma Laah PDP Kaduna South Lost renomination ☒N Not re-elected

Timeline

[edit]
See also: 9th Nigeria National Assembly and Nigerian Senators of the 9th National Assembly

Changes

[edit]
This section is an excerpt from Nigerian senators of the 9th National Assembly § Changes.[edit]
Changes in seats held (2019–2023)
Seat Before Change
Date Member Party Reason Date Member Party
Imo West 11 June 2019 Vacant Alleged forced election declaration 13 June 2019[55] Rochas Okorocha APC
Imo North Alleged election irregularities 26 July 2019[56] Benjamin Uwajumogu
Niger East 14 June 2019[57] David Umaru APC Court awarded primary election win to opponent 2 July 2019[58] Sani Musa
Kogi West 23 August 2019[59] Dino Melaye PDP Court annulled general election; opponent won re-run 4 December 2019[60] Smart Adeyemi
Sokoto South 30 October 2019[61] Abubakar Shehu Tambuwal APC Court awarded general election win to opponent 19 November 2019[62] Ibrahim Abdullahi Danbaba PDP
Ekiti South 6 November 2019[63][64] Adebayo Clement Adeyeye 14 November 2019[65] Abiodun Olujimi
Akwa Ibom North-West 9 November 2019[66] Chris Ekpenyong PDP Court partially annulled general election; sacked senator won supplementary election 30 January 2020[67] Chris Ekpenyong
Imo North 18 December 2019[68] Benjamin Uwajumogu APC Died 27 April 2021[69] Frank Ibezim APC
Plateau South 10 February 2020[70] Ignatius Datong Longjan 15 December 2020[71] Nora Daduut
Bayelsa Central 14 February 2020[72] Douye Diri PDP Member elected Bayelsa Governor Moses Cleopas PDP
Bayelsa West Lawrence Ewhrudjakpo Member elected Bayelsa Deputy Governor Henry Seriake Dickson
Cross River North 23 March 2020[73] Rose Okoji Oko Died 16 December 2020[74] Stephen Odey[note 9]
Lagos East 15 June 2020[75] Adebayo Osinowo APC 15 December 2020[71] Tokunbo Abiru APC
Adamawa North 25 November 2020[76] Ishaku Elisha Abbo PDP Party switch
Delta North 25 June 2021[77] Peter Nwaoboshi
Zamfara Central 29 June 2021[78] Hassan Muhammed Gusau
Zamfara North Sahabi Alhaji Yaú
Zamfara West Lawali Hassan Anka
Cross River North 30 July 2021[79] Stephen Odey Court awarded primary election win to opponent 15 September 2021[80] Agom Jarigbe[note 9] PDP
Anambra North 26 August 2021[81] Stella Oduah Party switch APC
Taraba South 3 February 2022[82] Emmanuel Bwacha
Zamfara Central 23 February 2022[83] Hassan Muhammed Gusau APC Member appointed Zamfara Deputy Governor Vacant
Borno North 12 April 2022[84] Abubakar Kyari Resigned
Nasarawa West Abdullahi Adamu
Katsina North 20 April 2022[85] Ahmad Babba Kaita Party switch PDP
Sokoto South 27 April 2022[86] Ibrahim Abdullahi Danbaba PDP APC
Anambra North 28 April 2022[87] Stella Oduah APC PDP
Oyo South 6 May 2022[88][89][90] Mohammed Kola Balogun PDP APC
Kano Central 18 May 2022[91] Ibrahim Shekarau APC NNPP
Abia South 27 May 2022[92] Enyinnaya Abaribe PDP APGA
Kebbi Central 28 May 2022[93] Adamu Aliero APC PDP
Bauchi South 31 May 2022 Lawal Yahaya Gumau APC NNPP
Edo North 3 June 2022[94][95] Francis Alimikhena APC PDP
Kebbi North 8 June 2022[96] Yahaya Abubakar Abdullahi
Bauchi Central 19 June 2022[97] Halliru Dauda Jika APC NNPP
Imo East 21 June 2022[98] Ezenwa Francis Onyewuchi PDP LP
Nasarawa North 1 July 2022[99] Godiya Akwashiki APC SDP
Akwa Ibom North-East 15 July 2022[100] Bassey Albert Akpan PDP YPP
Kano Central 29 August 2022[101] Ibrahim Shekarau NNPP PDP
Bauchi North 9 November 2022[102] Adamu Muhammad Bulkachuwa APC

Abia State

[edit]
     APC incumbent running
     APGA incumbent running
     PDP incumbent retiring
Main article: 2023 Nigerian Senate elections in Abia State
District Incumbent Results
Incumbent Party Status Candidates
Abia Central Theodore Orji PDP Incumbent retired
New member elected
LP gain
Abia North Orji Uzor Kalu APC Incumbent re-elected
Abia South Enyinnaya Abaribe APGA[note 10] Incumbent re-elected

Adamawa State

[edit]
     APC incumbent retiring
     APC incumbent running
     PDP incumbent running
Main article: 2023 Nigerian Senate elections in Adamawa State
District Incumbent Results
Incumbent Party Status Candidates
Adamawa Central Aishatu Dahiru Ahmed APC Incumbent retired
New member elected
PDP gain
Adamawa North Ishaku Elisha Abbo APC[note 11] Incumbent re-elected
Adamawa South Binos Dauda Yaroe PDP Incumbent re-elected

Akwa Ibom State

[edit]
     PDP incumbent retiring
     YPP incumbent retiring
Main article: 2023 Nigerian Senate elections in Akwa Ibom State
District Incumbent Results
Incumbent Party Status Candidates
Akwa Ibom North-East Bassey Albert Akpan YPP[note 12] Incumbent retired
New member elected
PDP gain
Akwa Ibom North-West Chris Ekpenyong PDP Incumbent retired
New member elected
APC gain
Akwa Ibom South Akon Eyakenyi PDP Incumbent retired
New member elected
PDP hold

Anambra State

[edit]
     PDP incumbent running
     YPP incumbent running
Main article: 2023 Nigerian Senate elections in Anambra State
District Incumbent Results
Incumbent Party Status Candidates
Anambra Central Uche Ekwunife PDP Incumbent lost re-election
New member elected
LP gain
Anambra North Stella Oduah PDP[note 13] Incumbent lost re-election
New member elected
LP gain
Anambra South Ifeanyi Ubah YPP Incumbent re-elected

Bauchi State

[edit]
     NNPP incumbent retiring
     NNPP incumbent running
     PDP incumbent retiring or lost renomination
Main article: 2023 Nigerian Senate elections in Bauchi State
District Incumbent Results
Incumbent Party Status Candidates
Bauchi Central Halliru Dauda Jika NNPP[note 14] Incumbent retired
New member elected
PDP gain
Bauchi North Adamu Muhammad Bulkachuwa PDP[note 15] Incumbent lost renomination[note 16]
New member elected
PDP hold
Bauchi South Lawal Yahaya Gumau NNPP[note 14] Incumbent lost renomination[note 16]
Incumbent lost re-election under nomination of new party
New member elected
APC gain

Bayelsa State

[edit]
     APC incumbent running
     PDP incumbent lost renomination
     PDP incumbent running
Main article: 2023 Nigerian Senate elections in Bayelsa State
District Incumbent Results
Incumbent Party Status Candidates
Bayelsa Central Moses Cleopas PDP Incumbent lost renomination
New member elected
PDP hold
Bayelsa East Biobarakuma Degi APC Incumbent lost re-election
New member elected
PDP gain
Bayelsa West Henry Seriake Dickson PDP Incumbent re-elected

Benue State

[edit]
     PDP incumbent retiring
     PDP incumbent running
Main article: 2023 Nigerian Senate elections in Benue State
District Incumbent Results
Incumbent Party Status Candidates
Benue North-East Gabriel Suswam PDP Incumbent lost re-election
New member elected
APC gain
Benue North-West Emmanuel Yisa Orker-Jev PDP Incumbent retired
New member elected
APC gain
Benue South Patrick Abba Moro PDP Incumbent re-elected

Borno State

[edit]
     APC incumbent retiring
     APC incumbent running
     Vacant
Main article: 2023 Nigerian Senate elections in Borno State
District Incumbent Results
Incumbent Party Status Candidates
Borno Central Kashim Shettima APC Incumbent withdrew from nomination
New member elected[139]

APC gain

Borno North Vacant New member elected
APC gain
Borno South Mohammed Ali Ndume APC Incumbent re-elected

Cross River State

[edit]
     PDP incumbent retiring
     PDP incumbent running
Main article: 2023 Nigerian Senate elections in Cross River State
District Incumbent Results
Incumbent Party Status Candidates
Cross River Central Sandy Ojang Onor PDP Incumbent retired
New member elected
APC gain
Cross River North Agom Jarigbe PDP Incumbent re-elected
Cross River South Gershom Bassey PDP Incumbent retired
New member elected
APC gain

Delta State

[edit]
     APC incumbent retiring
     APC incumbent running
     PDP incumbent retiring
Main article: 2023 Nigerian Senate elections in Delta State
District Incumbent Results
Incumbent Party Status Candidates
Delta Central Ovie Omo-Agege APC Incumbent retired
New member elected
APC hold
Delta North Peter Nwaoboshi APC[note 17] Incumbent lost re-election
New member elected
PDP gain
Delta South James Manager PDP Incumbent retired
New member elected
APC gain

Ebonyi State

[edit]
     PDP incumbent retiring
     PDP incumbent running
Main article: 2023 Nigerian Senate elections in Ebonyi State
District Incumbent Results
Incumbent Party Status Candidates
Ebonyi Central Joseph Ogba PDP Incumbent retired
New member elected
APC gain
Ebonyi North Sam Egwu PDP Incumbent lost re-election
New member elected
APC gain
Ebonyi South Michael Ama Nnachi PDP Incumbent lost re-election
New member elected
APC gain

Edo State

[edit]
     PDP incumbent status unknown or lost renomination
     PDP incumbent running
Main article: 2023 Nigerian Senate elections in Edo State
District Incumbent Results
Incumbent Party Status Candidates
Edo Central Clifford Ordia PDP Incumbent lost re-election
New member elected
APC gain
Edo North Francis Alimikhena PDP[note 18] Incumbent withdrew from primary[note 19]
Incumbent lost re-election under nomination of new party
New member elected
APC gain
Edo South Matthew Urhoghide PDP Incumbent lost renomination
New member elected
LP gain

Ekiti State

[edit]
     APC incumbent retiring
     APC incumbent running
     PDP incumbent running
Main article: 2023 Nigerian Senate elections in Ekiti State
District Incumbent Results
Incumbent Party Status Candidates
Ekiti Central Michael Opeyemi Bamidele APC Incumbent re-elected
Ekiti North Olubunmi Ayodeji Adetunmbi APC Incumbent lost renomination
New member elected
APC hold
Ekiti South Abiodun Olujimi PDP Incumbent lost re-election
New member elected
APC gain

Enugu State

[edit]
     PDP incumbent retiring
     PDP incumbent running
Main article: 2023 Nigerian Senate elections in Enugu State
District Incumbent Results
Incumbent Party Status Candidates
Enugu East Chimaroke Nnamani PDP Incumbent renominated
Enugu North Utazi Chukwuka PDP Incumbent retired
New member elected
LP gain
Enugu West Ike Ekweremadu PDP Incumbent retired
New member elected
PDP hold

Federal Capital Territory

[edit]
     PDP incumbent running
Main article: 2023 Nigerian Senate election in the Federal Capital Territory
District Incumbent Results
Incumbent Party Status Candidates
FCT Philips Tanimu Aduda PDP Incumbent lost re-election
New member elected
LP gain

Gombe State

[edit]
     APC incumbent lost renomination
     APC incumbent running
Main article: 2023 Nigerian Senate elections in Gombe State
District Incumbent Results
Incumbent Party Status Candidates
Gombe Central Mohammed Danjuma Goje APC Incumbent re-elected
Gombe North Sa'idu Ahmed Alkali APC Incumbent lost re-election
New member elected
PDP gain
Gombe South Amos Bulus Kilawangs APC Incumbent lost renomination
New member elected
PDP gain

Imo State

[edit]
     APC incumbent retiring or lost renomination
     LP incumbent running
Main article: 2023 Nigerian Senate elections in Imo State
District Incumbent Results
Incumbent Party Status Candidates
Imo East Ezenwa Francis Onyewuchi LP[note 20] Incumbent lost renomination[note 21]
Incumbent re-elected under nomination of new party

LP gain

Imo North Chukwuma Frank Ibezim APC Incumbent lost renomination
New member elected[175]

APC hold

Imo West Rochas Okorocha APC Incumbent retired
New member elected
APC hold

Jigawa State

[edit]
     APC incumbent retiring or lost renomination
     APC incumbent running
Main article: 2023 Nigerian Senate elections in Jigawa State
District Incumbent Results
Incumbent Party Status Candidates
Jigawa North-East Ibrahim Hassan Hadejia APC Incumbent retired
New member elected
APC hold
Jigawa North-West Danladi Abdullahi Sankara APC Incumbent retired
New member elected
APC hold
Jigawa South-West Mohammed Sabo Nakudu APC Incumbent lost re-election
New member elected
PDP gain

Kaduna State

[edit]
     APC incumbent retiring
     APC incumbent running
     PDP incumbent lost renomination
Main article: 2023 Nigerian Senate elections in Kaduna State
District Incumbent Results
Incumbent Party Status Candidates
Kaduna Central Uba Sani APC Incumbent retired
New member elected
PDP gain
Kaduna North Suleiman Abdu Kwari APC Incumbent lost re-election
New member elected
PDP gain
Kaduna South Danjuma Laah PDP Incumbent lost renomination
New member elected
PDP hold

Kano State

[edit]
     APC incumbent running
     PDP incumbent status unknown
Main article: 2023 Nigerian Senate elections in Kano State
District Incumbent Results
Incumbent Party Status Candidates
Kano Central Ibrahim Shekarau PDP[note 22] Incumbent retired after court decision[note 23]
New member elected
NNPP gain
Kano North Barau Jibrin APC Incumbent re-elected
Kano South Kabiru Ibrahim Gaya APC Incumbent lost re-election
New member elected
NNPP gain

Katsina State

[edit]
     APC incumbent lost renomination
     PDP incumbent running
Main article: 2023 Nigerian Senate elections in Katsina State
District Incumbent Results
Incumbent Party Status Candidates
Katsina Central Kabir Abdullahi Barkiya APC Incumbent lost renomination
New member elected
APC hold
Katsina North Ahmad Babba Kaita PDP[note 24] Incumbent lost re-election
New member elected
APC gain
Katsina South Bello Mandiya APC Incumbent lost renomination
New member elected
APC hold

Kebbi State

[edit]
     APC incumbent running
     PDP incumbent status unknown
Main article: 2023 Nigerian Senate elections in Kebbi State
District Incumbent Results
Incumbent Party Status Candidates
Kebbi Central Adamu Aliero PDP[note 25] Incumbent withdrew from primary[note 26]
Incumbent re-elected under nomination of new party
Kebbi North Yahaya Abubakar Abdullahi PDP[note 27] Incumbent's status unknown
Kebbi South Bala Ibn Na'allah APC Incumbent lost re-election
New member elected
PDP gain

Kogi State

[edit]
     APC incumbent retiring or lost renomination
     APC incumbent running
Main article: 2023 Nigerian Senate elections in Kogi State
District Incumbent Results
Incumbent Party Status Candidates
Kogi Central Yakubu Oseni APC Incumbent retired
New member elected
APC hold
Kogi East Jibrin Isah APC Incumbent re-elected
Kogi West Smart Adeyemi APC Incumbent lost renomination
New member elected
APC hold

Kwara State

[edit]
     APC incumbent lost renomination
     APC incumbent running
Main article: 2023 Nigerian Senate elections in Kwara State
District Incumbent Results
Incumbent Party Status Candidates
Kwara Central Ibrahim Yahaya Oloriegbe APC Incumbent lost renomination
New member elected
APC hold
Kwara North Suleiman Sadiq Umar APC Incumbent re-elected
Kwara South Lola Ashiru APC Incumbent re-elected

Lagos State

[edit]
     APC incumbent retiring
     APC incumbent running
Main article: 2023 Nigerian Senate elections in Lagos State
District Incumbent Results
Incumbent Party Status Candidates
Lagos Central Oluremi Tinubu APC Incumbent retired
New member elected
APC hold
Lagos East Tokunbo Abiru APC Incumbent re-elected
Lagos West Solomon Olamilekan Adeola APC Incumbent retired
New member elected
APC hold

Nasarawa State

[edit]
     APC incumbent running
     SDP incumbent running
     Vacant
Main article: 2023 Nigerian Senate elections in Nasarawa State
District Incumbent Results
Incumbent Party Status Candidates
Nasarawa North Godiya Akwashiki SDP[note 29] Incumbent withdrew from primary[note 30][210]
Incumbent re-elected under nomination of new party
Nasarawa South Umaru Tanko Al-Makura APC Incumbent lost re-election
New member elected
PDP gain
Nasarawa West Vacant New member elected
SDP gain

Niger State

[edit]
     APC incumbent retiring or lost renomination
     APC incumbent running
Main article: 2023 Nigerian Senate elections in Niger State
District Incumbent Results
Incumbent Party Status Candidates
Niger East Sani Musa APC Incumbent re-elected
Niger North Aliyu Sabi Abdullahi APC Incumbent lost renomination[216]
New member elected
APC hold
Niger South Muhammad Bima Enagi APC Incumbent lost re-election
New member elected
PDP gain

Ogun State

[edit]
     APC incumbent retiring or lost renomination
Main article: 2023 Nigerian Senate elections in Ogun State
District Incumbent Results
Incumbent Party Status Candidates
Ogun Central Ibikunle Amosun APC Incumbent retired[34]
New member elected
APC hold
Ogun East Ramoni Olalekan Mustapha APC Incumbent withdrew from primary[43]
New member elected
APC hold
Ogun West Tolu Odebiyi APC Incumbent lost renomination
New member elected
APC hold

Ondo State

[edit]
     APC incumbent retiring
     PDP incumbent lost renomination
Main article: 2023 Nigerian Senate elections in Ondo State
District Incumbent Results
Incumbent Party Status Candidates
Ondo Central Patrick Ayo Akinyelure PDP Incumbent lost renomination
New member elected
APC gain
Ondo North Robert Ajayi Boroffice APC Incumbent retired[35][227]
New member elected
APC hold
Ondo South Nicholas Tofowomo PDP Incumbent lost renomination[229]
New member elected
APC gain

Osun State

[edit]
     APC incumbent lost renomination
     APC incumbent running
     PDP incumbent running
Main article: 2023 Nigerian Senate elections in Osun State
District Incumbent Results
Incumbent Party Status Candidates
Osun Central Ajibola Basiru APC Incumbent lost re-election
New member elected
PDP gain
Osun East Francis Adenigba Fadahunsi PDP Incumbent re-elected
Osun West Adelere Adeyemi Oriolowo APC Incumbent lost renomination[236]
New member elected
PDP gain

Oyo State

[edit]
     APC incumbent retiring or lost renomination
     APC incumbent running
Main article: 2023 Nigerian Senate elections in Oyo State
District Incumbent Results
Incumbent Party Status Candidates
Oyo Central Teslim Folarin APC Incumbent retired
New member elected
APC hold
Oyo North Abdulfatai Buhari APC Incumbent re-elected
Oyo South Mohammed Kola Balogun APC[note 31] Incumbent lost nomination
New member elected
APC hold

Plateau State

[edit]
     APC incumbent retiring or lost renomination
     PDP incumbent retiring or lost renomination
Main article: 2023 Nigerian Senate elections in Plateau State
District Incumbent Results
Incumbent Party Status Candidates
Plateau Central Hezekiah Ayuba Dimka APC Incumbent retired[37]
New member elected

APC hold

Plateau North Istifanus Gyang PDP Incumbent lost renomination[244]
New member elected
PDP hold
Plateau South Nora Daduut APC Incumbent withdrew from primary[44]
New member elected
PDP gain

Rivers State

[edit]
     PDP incumbent retiring
     PDP incumbent running
Main article: 2023 Nigerian Senate elections in Rivers State
District Incumbent Results
Incumbent Party Status Candidates
Rivers East George Thompson Sekibo PDP Incumbent retired
New member elected
PDP hold
Rivers South-East Barry Mpigi PDP Incumbent re-elected
Rivers West Betty Apiafi PDP Incumbent retired
New member elected
PDP hold

Sokoto State

[edit]
     APC incumbent retiring
     APC incumbent running
Main article: 2023 Nigerian Senate elections in Sokoto State
District Incumbent Results
Incumbent Party Status Candidates
Sokoto East Abdullahi Ibrahim Gobir APC Incumbent retired
New member elected[250]

APC hold

Sokoto North Aliyu Magatakarda Wamakko APC Incumbent re-elected
Sokoto South Ibrahim Abdullahi Danbaba APC[note 32] Incumbent lost re-election

New member electedPDP gain

Taraba State

[edit]
     APC incumbent retiring
     PDP incumbent running
Main article: 2023 Nigerian Senate elections in Taraba State
District Incumbent Results
Incumbent Party Status Candidates
Taraba Central Yusuf Abubakar Yusuf APC Incumbent retired
New member elected
PDP gain
Taraba North Shuaibu Isa Lau PDP Incumbent re-elected
Taraba South Emmanuel Bwacha APC[note 33] Incumbent retired
New member elected
APC hold

Yobe State

[edit]
     APC incumbent retiring or lost renomination
     APC incumbent running
Main article: 2023 Nigerian Senate elections in Yobe State
District Incumbent Results
Incumbent Party Status Candidates
Yobe East Ibrahim Gaidam APC Incumbent re-elected
Yobe North Ahmad Lawan APC Incumbent re-elected
Yobe South Ibrahim Mohammed Bomai APC Incumbent re-elected

Zamfara State

[edit]
     APC incumbent retiring
     APC incumbent running
     Vacant
Main article: 2023 Nigerian Senate elections in Zamfara State
District Incumbent Results
Incumbent Party Status Candidates
Zamfara Central Vacant New member electedPDP gain
Zamfara North Sahabi Alhaji Yaú APC[note 34] Incumbent re-elected
Zamfara West Lawali Hassan Anka APC[note 35] Incumbent retired
New member elected
APC hold

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ Due to disruptions—mainly violence or technical issues—on Election Day, INEC either postponed or extended voting to 26 or 27 February in certain affected areas. Additionally, the election for Enugu East was postponed to 11 March due to the death of LP nominee Oyibo Chukwu.
  2. ^
  3. ^
  4. ^
  5. ^
  6. ^ Although Lawan initially opted to run for President instead of seeking re-election, he attempted to gain the senatorial nomination after losing the APC presidential primary. His attempt, using a sudden rerun primary that nominated him, was deemed illegal in a Federal High Court ruling as the original nominee—Bashir Sheriff Machina—had not withdrawn from the nomination.[39] The ruling was then upheld by a Court of Appeal judgment in late November 2022.[40]
  7. ^ The 2019 election in Akwa Ibom North-West was partially voided with its supplementary election called for a date in 2020 leaving the seat vacant in 2019.
  8. ^ Although Lawan initially opted to run for President instead of seeking re-election, he attempted to gain the senatorial nomination after losing the APC presidential primary. His attempt, using a sudden rerun primary that nominated him, was deemed illegal in a Federal High Court ruling as the original nominee—Bashir Sheriff Machina—had not withdrawn from the nomination.[39] The ruling was then upheld by a Court of Appeal judgment in late November 2022.[40] At the Supreme court, the judgements of the lower courts were over turned on the basis of improper procedure for the initial suit at the Federal High Court. The majority ruling held that an originating summons was inappropriate for the case, two judges were in dissent.[49][50]
  9. ^ a b The PDP's Stephen Odey and Agom Jarigbe fought in court over the by-election's PDP nomination; Odey won both initial court decisions and the by-election before taking office late in December 2020. However, Jarigbe later won several court challenges which declared him the legitimate PDP nominee and thus Senator. Jarigbe took office in September 2021.
  10. ^ This senator was elected as a member of the PDP but switched to APGA during their term.
  11. ^ This senator was elected as a member of the PDP but switched to the APC during their term.
  12. ^ This senator was elected as a member of the PDP but switched to the YPP during their term.
  13. ^ This senator was elected as a member of the PDP but switched to the APC then back to the PDP during their term.
  14. ^ a b This House member was elected as a member of the APC but switched to the NNPP during their term.
  15. ^ This senator was elected as a member of the APC but switched to the PDP during their term.
  16. ^ a b Senator defection
  17. ^ This senator was elected as a member of the PDP but switched to the APC during their term.
  18. ^ This senator was elected as a member of the APC but switched to the PDP during their term.
  19. ^ Senator defected to new party after withdrawing from or losing their former party's primary.
  20. ^ This senator was elected as a member of the PDP but switched to the LP during their term.
  21. ^ Senator defected to new party after withdrawing from or losing their former party's primary.
  22. ^ This House member was elected as a member of the APC but switched to the NNPP then to the PDP during their term.
  23. ^ a b Shekarau defected from the NNPP to the PDP in August 2022, but he did not formally relinquish the NNPP senatorial nomination and remained listed as the NNPP nominee by INEC. Although the NNPP nominated a replacement—Rufai Sani Hanga, litigation between Sani Hanga and Shekarau dragged past Election Day meaning Shekarau was initially re-elected with the NNPP nomination.[182] However, a Supreme Court decision on 10 March awarded the nomination to Sani Hanga, making him senator-elect.
  24. ^ This senator was elected as a member of the APC but switched to the PDP during their term.
  25. ^ This senator was elected as a member of the APC but switched to the PDP during their term.
  26. ^ Senator defected to new party after withdrawing from or losing their former party's primary.
  27. ^ This senator was elected as a member of the APC but switched to the PDP during their term.
  28. ^ Ibrahim Bawa Kamba[192] or Yahaya Abubakar Abdullahi
  29. ^ This senator was elected as a member of the APC but switched to SDP during their term.
  30. ^ Senator defected to new party after withdrawing from or losing their former party's primary.
  31. ^ This senator was elected as a member of the PDP but switched to the APC during their term.
  32. ^ This senator was elected as a member of the PDP but switched to the APC during their term.
  33. ^ This senator was elected as a member of the PDP but switched to the APC during their term.
  34. ^ This senator was elected as a member of the PDP but switched to the APC during their term.
  35. ^ This senator was elected as a member of the PDP but switched to the APC during their term.

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Oyekanmi, Rotimi (26 February 2022). "It's Official: 2023 Presidential, National Assembly Elections to Hold Feb 25". INEC News. Retrieved 27 February 2022.
  2. ^ Jimoh, Abbas (26 February 2022). "INEC Sets New Dates For 2023 General Elections". Daily Trust. Retrieved 26 February 2022.
  3. ^ Jimoh, Azimazi Momoh (2 July 2019). "Senate announces Principal Officers". The Guardian. Retrieved 7 August 2021.
  4. ^ Ojoye, Taiwo; Aborisade, Sunday; Nwogu, Success (14 June 2019). "Abaribe emerges Senate Minority Leader". The Punch. Retrieved 14 August 2021.
  5. ^ Akasike, Chukwudi (12 March 2022). "Between self-seeking NASS and national interest". The Punch. Retrieved 16 May 2022.
  6. ^ Adebayo, Bukola (8 July 2020). "Nigerian Senate passes sexual harassment bill". CNN. Retrieved 16 May 2022.
  7. ^ Iroanusi, QueenEsther. "Senate passes Finance Bill 2020". Premium Times. Retrieved 16 May 2022.
  8. ^ Iroanusi, QueenEsther. "Amid chaos, Senate passes Petroleum Industry Bill". Premium Times. Retrieved 16 May 2022.
  9. ^ "National Assembly Passes Harmonised Version Of Electoral Amendment Bill". Sahara Reporters. Retrieved 16 May 2022.
  10. ^ "Senate passes 49 out of 68 constitution bills". Vanguard. March 2022. Retrieved 16 May 2022.
  11. ^ "Senate passes amended Proceeds of Crime Bill". The Guardian. News Agency of Nigeria. 23 March 2022. Retrieved 16 May 2022.
  12. ^ Iroanusi, QueenEsther. "Senate amends Electoral Act to allow statutory delegates to vote at party congresses, conventions". Premium Times. Retrieved 16 May 2022.
  13. ^ "SITUATION ROOM COMMENDS THE SENATE FOR DECLINING THE CONFIRMATION OF LAURETTA ONOCHIE AS INEC NATIONAL COMMISSIONER". Nigeria Civil Society Situation Room. Retrieved 16 May 2022.
  14. ^ "Nigerian Senate rejects diaspora vote, special seats for women". Reuters. 2 March 2022. Retrieved 16 May 2022.
  15. ^ Iroanusi, QueenEsther. "Again, Gender Equality bill suffers setback at Senate". Premium Times. Retrieved 16 May 2022.
  16. ^ Asadu, Chinedu. "Nigerian lawmakers reject bill seeking gender equality". ABC News. Associated Press. Retrieved 16 May 2022.
  17. ^ Ejekwonyilo, Ameh. "Constituency Projects: Why federal lawmakers easily rob their constituents – Report". Premium Times. Retrieved 16 May 2022.
  18. ^ Iroanusi, QueenEsther. "How Nigerian lawmakers 'diverted' over N5.2 billion in 2019 – Audit Report". Premium Times. Retrieved 16 May 2022.
  19. ^ "Senate's 'bow and go' doctrine". The Punch. 30 July 2019. Retrieved 7 July 2022.
  20. ^ Oderemi, Kunle (4 August 2019). "Take A Bow As Senate's Albatross". Nigerian Tribune. Retrieved 7 July 2022.
  21. ^ Iroanusi, QueenEsther. "ROUND-UP: How Senate screened, confirmed ministerial nominees". Premium Times. Retrieved 7 July 2022.
  22. ^ Emeruwa, Chijindu (13 December 2020). "Ex-Abia Governor, Theodore Orji insists on leaving politics in 2023". Daily Post. Retrieved 18 August 2021.
  23. ^ "Adamawa 2023: Senator Aisha Binani Joins Governorship Race, To Challenge Fintri". Wikki Times. 15 March 2022. Retrieved 8 April 2022.
  24. ^ Odey, Patrick (8 March 2022). "Senator consults A'Ibom PDP stakeholders, declares gov bid". The Punch. Retrieved 8 March 2022.
  25. ^ a b Okoro, Judex (15 December 2021). "2023: 3 PDP NASS members, educationist join Cross River guber race". The Sun. Retrieved 17 December 2021.
  26. ^ "Omo-Agege officially declares for Delta governorship race". TVC News. 14 April 2022. Retrieved 14 April 2022.
  27. ^ Angbulu, Stephen (5 April 2022). "Senator Manager picks Delta PDP gov form". The Punch. Retrieved 5 April 2022.
  28. ^ "2023: Senator Ogba joins Ebonyi gov race". The Punch. January 2022. Retrieved 1 January 2022.
  29. ^ "2023: Senator Utazi declines Senatorial ambition in support of Ugwuanyi's bid". The Guardian. News Agency of Nigeria. 25 April 2022. Retrieved 25 April 2022.
  30. ^ Uzodinma, Emmanuel (11 March 2022). "Enugu guber: Ekweremadu makes public declaration, names campaign coordinator". Daily Post. Retrieved 11 March 2022.
  31. ^ Simon, Emperor. "Okorocha Formally Declares For Presidency, Says 'I Will Beat Buhari's Record'". Channels TV. Retrieved 3 June 2022.
  32. ^ Isenyo, Godwin (15 March 2022). "Kaduna Senator declares governorship ambition, distributes 59 cars". The Punch. Retrieved 16 March 2022.
  33. ^ Oludare, Ishola (8 April 2022). "Crisis brews in APC as Lagos Senator declares for Ogun senatorial seat". Daily Post. Retrieved 8 April 2022.
  34. ^ a b Sunday, Ochogwu (27 April 2022). "2023: Sen Amosun joins presidential race". Daily Post. Retrieved 3 June 2022.
  35. ^ a b Orintunsin, Jide. "BREAKING: Emefiele, Boroffice, Amosun, Onu pick APC presidential forms". The Nation. Retrieved 3 June 2022.
  36. ^ Adebayo, Musliudeen (10 May 2022). "Makinde has failed – Oyo Senator, Folarin". Daily Post. Retrieved 4 June 2022.
  37. ^ a b Adeyemi, Kolade. "Former police chief joins Plateau governorship race". The Nation. Retrieved 8 April 2022.
  38. ^ Naku, Dennis (13 April 2022). "Wike's aides resign, 13 aspirants jostle for PDP ticket". The Punch. Retrieved 14 April 2022.
  39. ^ a b Marama, Ndahi (28 September 2022). "Ahmed Lawan: Court affirms Machina as APC's Yobe North senatorial candidate". Vanguard. Retrieved 12 October 2022.
  40. ^ a b Ejekwonyilo, Ameh. "Appeal Court affirms Machina as APC candidate for Yobe North senatorial poll". Premium Times. Retrieved 28 November 2022.
  41. ^ a b Iroanusi, QueenEsther. "Abdullahi Adamu, Kyari, resign from Senate". Premium Times. Retrieved 25 October 2022.
  42. ^ Ramalan, Ibrahim (23 February 2022). "Matawalle swears-in new deputy governor, mocks Mahadi over absenteeism". Daily Nigerian. Retrieved 25 October 2022.
  43. ^ a b c Olukoya, Olayinka (28 May 2022). "Ex-Governor Daniel Secures Ogun East APC Senatorial Ticket Unopposed". Nigerian Tribune. Retrieved 28 May 2022.
  44. ^ a b Abraham, James (21 May 2022). "Plateau gov didn't threaten me to drop senatorial ambition – Lawmaker". The Punch. Retrieved 21 May 2022.
  45. ^ "InecPublicV2". inecelectionresults.ng (in German). Retrieved 2 May 2023..
  46. ^ https://liveresults.civichive.org/senatorial/2023 [bare URL]
  47. ^