The human geneATP5PD encodes subunit d of the peripheral stalk part of the enzyme mitochondrial ATP synthase.[5][6]
Mitochondrial ATP synthase catalyzes ATP synthesis, utilizing an electrochemical gradient of protons across the inner membrane during oxidative phosphorylation. It is composed of two linked multi-subunit complexes: the soluble catalytic core, F1, and the membrane-spanning component, F0, which comprises the proton channel. The F1 complex consists of 5 different subunits (alpha, beta, gamma, delta, and epsilon) assembled in a ratio of 3 alpha, 3 beta, and a single representative of the other 3. The Fo seems to have nine subunits (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, F6 and 8). This gene encodes the d subunit of the Fo complex. Alternatively splicedtranscript variants encoding different isoforms have been identified for this gene. In addition, three pseudogenes are located on chromosomes 9, 12 and 15.[6]
Higuti T, Kuroiwa K, Miyazaki S, et al. (1994). "The complete amino acid sequence of subunit d of rat liver mitochondrial H(+)-ATP synthase". J. Biochem. 114 (5): 714–7. doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a124242. PMID7509337.