A View from a Hill (short story)

"A View from a Hill"
Short story by M. R. James
"A View from a Hill" was collected in A Warning to the Curious in 1925
Text available at Wikisource
CountryUnited Kingdom
LanguageEnglish
Genre(s)Ghost story
Publication
Published inLondon Mercury
Publication typePrint, magazine
Publication dateMay 1925

"A View from a Hill" is a ghost story by British writer M. R. James, first published in the London Mercury in 1925.

Plot summary

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Academic Fanshawe visits his friend, squire Henry Richards, in the English countryside[note 1] for a summer retreat. On the first evening, they decide to climb a hill with a view of the area. Fanshawe, lacking binoculars, borrows a heavy, old-fashioned pair from Richards, which are stored in a difficult-to-open box. After Fanshawe sustains a minor cut opening it, they set out, with Richards pointing out the local landmark known as "Baxter's Roman villa." He explains that Baxter, an unpopular watchmaker and amateur archaeologist, crafted the binoculars and subsequently uncovered various artifacts later acquired by Richards.

At the hill's summit, Richards instructs Fanshawe to observe Fulnaker Abbey through the binoculars. Fanshawe, however, insists the tower he sees is impressive, which Richards disputes, suggesting he's mistakenly viewing Oldbourne Church. Fanshawe, through the binoculars, also perceives a disturbing scene on Gallows Hill: a gibbet and a crowd around it, which Richards assures does not exist. When Fanshawe looks without the binoculars, he sees only trees. Puzzled but intrigued, Fanshawe decides to investigate Oldbourne Church and Gallows Hill the following day.

That night, Fanshawe has a nightmare involving a stone marked with a warning signed by Richards' elderly butler, Patten, and a hand emerging from the ground. The next morning, Fanshawe reviews archaeological journals containing Baxter's work and finds his tone arrogant and dismissive. One journal includes Baxter’s sketch of Fulnaker Abbey's priory tower, identical to what Fanshawe saw through the binoculars, though no such tower remains.

That afternoon, Fanshawe sets off by bicycle to explore Oldbourne Church and Gallows Hill. At Richards' suggestion, he also visits Lambsfield Church to see its stained-glass window. There, he attempts to use the binoculars to read the window's inscriptions but finds they do not work inside the church. Oldbourne Church's tower appears entirely different from what he saw the day before. When he arrives at Gallows Hill, he discovers it densely wooded, with no sign of the gibbet. Feeling watched, he experiences unsettling sensations of unseen figures around him and flees after finding three stones on the hill, without stepping between them.

Back at Richards' home, Patten shares troubling stories about Baxter, who behaved suspiciously and refused religious practices. A priest who once visited Baxter refused to speak about the encounter, hinting at something sinister. Baxter reportedly spent many nights on Gallows Hill, and, after a bizarre scalding incident, he exhibited strange behaviour, moving as if controlled by an unseen force. He was later found dead between the three stones on Gallows Hill, his neck broken.

The next morning, Fanshawe attempts to look through the binoculars but sees only darkness. When Richards tries, he sees the same. They drop the binoculars, which crack open, releasing a foul-smelling black liquid. Richards realizes Baxter may have used boiled bones from hanged men to make the binoculars, attempting to let viewers "see through a dead man’s eyes". However, the spirits of the deceased likely retaliated against Baxter, leading to his grim fate. Finally, Richards decides the binoculars must be buried, putting Baxter's misdeeds to rest.

Publication

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"A View from a Hill" was first published in issue XII of the London Mercury in May 1925. Later that year, it was collected in James' book A Warning to the Curious and Other Ghost Stories. It has since been collected many times, including in The Collected Ghost Stories of M. R. James in 1931 and in The Sleeping and the Dead in 1947.[1][2][3]

Reception

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Vybarr Cregan-Reid describes "A View from a Hill" as an example of "folk horror" and "as much a warning to the nostalgic as it is to the curious; a little nostalgia can be dangerous thing".[4] Sam Wiseman notes "A View from a Hill" as reversing the trope of "an area's previous woodland character casting a temporal shadow", noting that "trees are not the source of Gothic energy, but rather a relatively new presence that masks the site's disturbing past".[5] Rosemary Pardoe and Darroll Pardoe state that "A View from a Hill" "...contains one of [James'] most vivid evocations of landscape".[6]

Stephen Daniels draws parallels between "A View from a Hill" and Alfred Watkins' book The Old Straight Track (also published in 1925), interpreting "A View from a Hill" as "an oblique warning to those who might seek to follow in Watkins' footsteps".[7] Similarly, Timothy Jones writes that "Watkins's reading of the British landscape echoes M. R. James, who in tales like 'A View from a Hill' or 'A Warning to the Curious', describes the land as containing and revealing the violence and contested ownership of its history".[8] Rosemary Pardoe and Darroll Pardoe suggest that James may have read and been inspired by Watkins' 1922 work Early British Trackways, Moats, Mounds, Camps and Sites.[6]

Patrick J. Murphy describes Baxter, the villain of "A View from a Hill" as one of James' examples of "...compelling villains precisely because their scholarly transgressions defy easy categorization, their monstrosity comprising an admixture of antiquarian excess and occupational degradation".[9]

"A View from a Hill" is referenced in the 1948 novel The Skeleton in the Clock by John Dickson Carr, which makes mention of "that grisly ghost story by M. R James, in which [...] glasses contain a fluid brewed from dead men's bones".[10]

Adaptations

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Main article: A View from a Hill (film)

"A View from a Hill" was adapted as the ninth TV movie in the BBC series A Ghost Story for Christmas. The film, the first one in the series to be produced since 1978, was first shown on UK television on December 23, 2005.[11] It stars Mark Letheren as Fanshawe, Pip Torrens as Squire Richards, David Burke as Patten and Simon Linnell as Baxter. In the adaptation, Fanshawe and Squire Richards are not friends and there is never anything more than a business relationship between them. Fanshawe works for a museum and has been sent to Richards' home to catalogue the collection of historical artifacts which Richards inherited from his father. The impoverished Richards plans to sell off the collection. As a result of his unpleasant experiences, Fanshawe never finishes cataloguing the collection. Fanshawe is often attacked by invisible ghosts. At the film's climax, he is dragged to Gallows Hill and hanged. Fanshawe escapes death because a search party, led by Squire Richards and Patten, reaches him in time.[12][13][14]

Notes

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  1. ^ James stated that the story is imagined to take place in Herefordshire.[1]

References

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  1. ^ a b Joshi, S. T. (2005). "Explanatory Notes". The Haunted Dolls' House and Other Ghost Stories: The Complete Ghost Stories of M. R. James. By James, M. R. Vol. 2. Penguin Books. p. 285. ISBN 978-0143039921.
  2. ^ "A View from a Hill". Internet Speculative Fiction Database. Retrieved 28 March 2025.
  3. ^ Pardoe, Rosemary (1994). "Story notes: "A View from a Hill"". Ghosts & Scholars. 17. Archived from the original on 26 April 2016. Retrieved 9 April 2025.
  4. ^ Cregan-Reid, Vybarr (2018). "Primates Change: Movement, Mechanics & Migrations". Primate Change: How the World We Made is Remaking Us. Oldcastle Books. p. 35. ISBN 9780857304216.
  5. ^ Wiseman, Sam (2019). Locating the Gothic in British Modernity. Clemson University Press. p. 243. ISBN 9781942954903.
  6. ^ a b Pardoe, Rosemary; Pardoe, Darroll (September 2004). "The Herefordshire of "A View from a Hill"". The Ghosts & Scholars M.R. James Newsletter (6). Archived from the original on 11 October 2008. Retrieved 15 April 2025.
  7. ^ Coverley, Merlin (2010). Hauntology: Ghosts of Futures Pasts. Oldcastle Books. p. 99-100. ISBN 9781788401081.
  8. ^ Wiseman, Sam (2019). "Folk Horror, Occulture and the Black Magic Story". In Keetley, Dawn; Heholt, Ruth (eds.). Folk Horror: New Global Pathways. University of Wales Press. p. 117. ISBN 9781786839800.
  9. ^ Murphy, Patrick J. (2017). "Recasting the Antiquary". Medieval Studies and the Ghost Stories of M. R. James. Penn State University Press. p. 57-58. ISBN 9780271079592.
  10. ^ Joshi, S. T. (1990). John Dickson Carr: A Critical Study. Bowling Green State University Popular Press. p. 114. ISBN 9780879724771.
  11. ^ Coverley, Merlin (2021). The Magic Box: Viewing Britain Through the Rectangular Window. Faber & Faber. p. 168. ISBN 9780571284610.
  12. ^ Dempster, Sarah (17 December 2005). "Ghosts in the machine". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 28 March 2025.
  13. ^ Perry, Chris (2016). The Kaleidoscope British Christmas Television Guide 1937-2013. Kaleidoscope Publishing. p. 590. ISBN 9781900203609.
  14. ^ Scovell, Adam (2017). "Topographies". Folk Horror: Hours Dreadful and Things Strange. Liverpool University Press. p. 49-50. ISBN 9781800347038.
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