Ammonium bisulfate
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Names | |||
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IUPAC name Ammonium hydrogen sulfate | |||
Identifiers | |||
3D model (JSmol) | |||
ChemSpider | |||
ECHA InfoCard | 100.029.332 | ||
PubChem CID | |||
RTECS number |
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UNII | |||
CompTox Dashboard (EPA) | |||
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Properties | |||
(NH4)HSO4 | |||
Molar mass | 115.11 g/mol | ||
Appearance | White solid | ||
Density | 1.78 g/cm3 | ||
Melting point | 147 °C (297 °F; 420 K) | ||
Very soluble | |||
Solubility in other solvents | Soluble in methanol insoluble in acetone | ||
Hazards | |||
NFPA 704 (fire diamond) | |||
Safety data sheet (SDS) | External MSDS | ||
Related compounds | |||
Other anions | Ammonium thiosulfate Ammonium sulfite Ammonium sulfate Ammonium persulfate | ||
Other cations | Sodium bisulfate Potassium bisulfate | ||
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). |
Ammonium bisulfate, also known as ammonium hydrogen sulfate, is a white, crystalline solid with the formula (NH4)HSO4. This salt is the product of the half-neutralization of sulfuric acid by ammonia.
Production
[edit]It is commonly collected as a byproduct of the "acetone cyanohydrin route" to the commodity chemical methyl methacrylate.[1]
It can also be obtained by hydrolysis of sulfamic acid in aqueous solution, which produces the salt in high purity:
- H3NSO3 + H2O → (NH4)HSO4
It also arises by the thermal decomposition of ammonium sulfate:
- (NH4)2SO4 → (NH4)HSO4 + NH3
Applications
[edit]It can be further neutralized with ammonia to form ammonium sulfate, a valuable fertilizer. It can be used as a weaker alternative to sulfuric acid, although sodium bisulfate is much more common.
Natural occurrence
[edit]A related compound of the (NH4)3H(SO4)2 formula, occurs as the rare mineral letovicite, known from coal fire environments.[2][3]
References
[edit]- ^ William Bauer, Jr. "Methacrylic Acid and Derivatives" in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry 2002, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim. doi:10.1002/14356007.a16_441.
- ^ "Letovicite".
- ^ "List of Minerals". 21 March 2011.