MV Argo Merchant

Argo Merchant, aground southeast of Nantucket seen with a silvery oil slick coming from her center holds.
History
Name	Arcturus (1953-1968) Permina Samudra III (1968-1970) VARI (1970-1973) Argo Merchant (1973-1976)
Owner	Thebes Shipping Inc.
Port of registry	Liberia, Monrovia
Builder	Howaldtswerke Hamburg, Germany
Yard number	886
Launched	5 September 1953
Maiden voyage	1953
In service	1953
Out of service	December 15, 1976
Identification	IMO number: 5022522
Fate	Foundered/sunk at 41°01′59″N 69°27′00″W / 41.033°N 69.45°W / 41.033; -69.45
Notes	[1][2]
General characteristics
Type	Tanker
Tonnage	18,743 GT 28,691 DWT
Length	195.5 m (641 ft)
Beam	25.7 m (84 ft)
Draught	10.6 m (35 ft)
Speed	16 knots
Notes	[1][2]

MV Argo Merchant was a Liberian-flagged oil tanker built by Howaldtswerke in Hamburg, Germany, in 1953, most noted for running aground and subsequently sinking southeast of Nantucket Island, Massachusetts, causing one of the largest marine oil spills in history. Throughout the vessel's troubled past, she was involved in more than a dozen major shipping incidents including two other groundings; once in Indonesia while named Permina Samudra III, and again in Sicily while named Vari; and a collision in Japan.^[1]

Because of her checkered career and sinking, Argo Merchant was featured in the "worst ship" category in the 1979 publication, The Book of Heroic Failures.^[3]

In December 1976, Argo Merchant loaded with 7,700,000 US gallons (29,000,000 L) of No. 6 fuel oil at Puerto La Cruz, Venezuela, sailing for Boston under Captain Georgios Papadopoulos. It was later established that the ship carried two unqualified crew as helmsmen, a broken gyrocompass, inadequate charts, and an inaccurate radio direction finder. At 6 p.m. on 15 December in high winds and 3 m (9.8 ft) seas, the tanker ran aground on Middle Rip Shoal about 29 nautical miles (54 km; 33 mi) southeast of Nantucket and more than 24 nmi (44 km; 28 mi) off her intended course.^[1] The thirty-eight members of the crew were evacuated, but the shallow waters and weather conditions made it impossible to offload the oil or salvage the ship. On 21 December 1976, Argo Merchant broke apart and emptied its entire cargo of fuel oil, enough to heat 18,000 homes for a year. Northwesterly winds blew the 60 by 100 nmi (110 by 190 km; 69 by 115 mi) oil slick offshore, and coastal fisheries and beaches were spared the worst.

• List of oil spills

• Emergency Response Division, Office of Response and Restoration, National Ocean Service. "Argo Merchant". IncidentNews. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, US Department of Commerce. Archived from the original on 4 August 2010. Retrieved 5 September 2010.
• Hook, Norman (1989). Maritime Casualties, 1963-1996. London: LLP Limited. ISBN 1-85978-110-1.
• Winslow, Ron (1978). Hard Aground: The Story Of The Argo Merchant Oil Spill. New York: W. W. North. ISBN 0-393-05687-2.