Parahyangan (train)

Parahyangan
Argo Parahyangan going up to the elevated rail section after Jatinegara Station, 2024
Overview
Service typeInter-city rail
StatusOperational
LocaleOperational Area II Bandung
Operational Area I Jakarta
Predecessor
  • Parahyangan (1971–2010)
  • Argo Gede (originally JB250 Argogede) (1995–2010)
  • Argo Parahyangan (2010–2025)
First service27 April 2010 (as the Argo Parahyangan)
1 February 2025 (returned to Parahyangan)
Last service31 January 2025 (Argo Parahyangan)
Current operator(s)Kereta Api Indonesia
Operational Area II Bandung
Operational Area I Jakarta
Route
TerminiBandung
Gambir
Stopslook below
Distance travelled166 kilometres (103 mi)
Average journey time2 hours 58 minutes
Service frequency20
Train number(s)
  • 131-140 (regular train)
  • 141-142 (facultative train)[1]
On-board services
Class(es)
  • Panoramic, Executive and Economy Premium (Regular train)
  • Executive and Priority (using Pandalungan idle trainset)
  • Executive and Economy Premium (using Malabar idle trainset)
  • Executive and Luxury (using Gajayana idle trainset)
  • Executive (using Argo Wilis idle trainset)
  • Executive and Panoramic (using Turangga idle trainset)
Technical
Rolling stockCC206 class
Track gauge1,067 mm (42.0 in)
Operating speed60–120 km/h (37–75 mph)

Parahyangan, formerly known as Argo Parahyangan or Gopar for short, is an inter-city train service consisting of executive and economy premium class operated by Kereta Api Indonesia (KAI / Indonesian Railways Company) between Gambir railway station, Jakarta and Bandung in Java, Indonesia. The train covers 166 kilometres (103 mi) in 2 hours 58 minutes (average time). From Jakarta to Bandung the train stops at Bekasi, Purwakarta, and Cimahi, whereas from Bandung to Jakarta it stops only at Jatinegara. KAI operates 34 trips daily in the route.[2][3]

Etymology

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The train service is named after Parahyangan or Priangan or Preanger, a cultural and mountainous region in West Java. The term "Parahyangan" itself in Sundanese means "the place where the gods (hyang) reside".[4]

History

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Parahyangan (1971–2010)

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Parahyangan arriving at Gambir Station, 2009

The then-State Railways Company (Perusahaan Negara Kereta Api or PNKA) launched the Parahyangan train service on 31 July 1971 with business and executive class services, connecting Bandung to Jakarta in 2 hours and 30 minutes.[5]

At the beginning of its operation, this train was often hauled by BB301 class locomotives. The BB304 class locomotive was also used once before being replaced by the CC201 class locomotive.[6]

In 2005, the Parahyangan operated with two executive class cars and three business class cars in a trainset as the result of a decrease in passenger occupancy levels due to the opening of the Cikampek–Purwakarta–Padalarang (Cipularang) toll road—of which the journey from Jakarta to Bandung at that time was faster. To increase passenger occupancy, KAI had imposed a fare discount starting 7 March 2008[7] before this train service was discontinued on 26 April 2010.[8]

Argo Gede (1995–2010)

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The Argo Gede train was the first Argo train service to operate from 31 July 1995. The train service was named after Mount Gede, one of the mountains in West Java. This train service was launched at Gambir Station by the Railway Company simultaneously with the inauguration of the JS-950 Argo Bromo train and the launch of the CC203 class locomotive.[9] During its operation, this train travels from Jakarta to Bandung for 2.5 hours and operates using a series of trains made by INKA released in 1995.[10] As of October 1999, this train service served two trips a day and the fare was set at Rp40,000.00.[11]

The company then launched the Argo Gede II train service on 20 May 2001—along with the launch of the Argo Muria II and Gumarang train services—to increase the number of trips across Jakarta–Bandung route.[12]

Several Jakarta-Bandung route services experienced a decrease in occupancy rates due to the operation of the Cipularang toll road in 2005. Even so, the occupancy rate of the Argo Gede train was higher when compared to the Parahyangan.[13]

Argo Parahyangan (2010–2025)

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Argo Parahyangan began its operation on 27 April 2010–by merging two train services of the same route, namely Parahyangan and Argo Gede train services.[14] The Argo Parahyangan was the result of the fusion of both train services, as well as the result of Kereta Api Indonesia's response to passengers' disappointment after the termination of Parahyangan train service.[15]

Business and Executive class (2010–2016)

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Argo Parahyangan at Pisangan Timur, Pulo Gadung, East Jakarta, 2020

The Argo Parahyangan had operated with trainsets consisting of three to four executive class cars (former Argo Gede cars) and two to three business class cars (former Parahyangan cars). Since 2010, Argo Parahyangan train also became the first Argo class train to have a class other than the executive class.[16]

Economy and Executive class (2016–2017)

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Since 25 October 2016, the Argo Parahyangan business class service has been changed to economy plus class. The economy plus class cars were made by INKA and released in 2016. The cars was once used for the Mutiara Selatan train service or other services, and the cars were criticized by the public for reasons of convenience, namely the narrow distance between seats.[17][18][19] In addition, the number of trips was added due to an increase in occupancy rates.

2017–2025

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Argo Parahyangan passing through Manggarai Station, 2018

Between 2017 and 2019, this service began operating using trainsets made by INKA, consisting of the premium economy class cars made in 2017 and executive class made of stainless steel made in 2018. In addition, this train started serving Priority class services on 9 March 2018.[20] The regular Argo Parahyangan train was replaced with a series of trains made by INKA made of stainless steel starting in 2019.

KAI launched a train service with a shorter travel time (2 hours 50 minutes) named Argo Parahyangan Excellence, starting on 1 October 2019.[21]

According to the 2021 train travel chart (Grafik Perjalanan Kereta Api or Gapeka), this train has four regular round trips and six optional train trips.

As of 3 February 2023, the Argo Parahyangan received additional Panoramic Train services which operates throughout February 2023 on Friday for train number 44A and Sunday for train number 51A.[22]

However, on 1 June 2023 followed by the enactment of the new train travel chart for 2023, Kiaracondong Station will not be served by the Argo Parahyangan.[23]

Parahyangan (2025–present)

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On 1 February 2025, following the enactment of new train travel chart for 2025, PT Kereta Api Indonesia reverted the train's name from Argo Parahyangan back to its previous name of Parahyangan, 14 years after its discontinuance on 26 April 2010.[24]

Facilities

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At present[when?] 17 trains of several types of Parahyangan series operate. The latest Parahyangan Excellence train is the fastest among different types, which takes journey at 2 hours and 50 minutes.

For the Turangga series, the train uses CC206 locomotive consisting of one generator car, six executive train carriages, and one dining car. Harina series uses CC206 locomotive consisting of one economy train carriage, two business train carriages, four executive train carriages, one generator train, and one dining car.

Interior of an Argo Parahyangan executive class, 2018

Parahyangan Regular train series usually consists of four economy plus train carriages, four executive carriages, one dining, and one power generator car. As for the additional trains, the series consists of one generator train, one dining car, four executive train carriages, and three economy train carriages.

The new configured train, which was inaugurated in March 2018, has capacity of 400 seats passengers per train, consisting of eight executive class cars, one dining train with praying facility, and one generator car. Each coach has Two 32-inch TV, installed at the front and rear end, and two 19-inch screens hang on the ceiling of the train. The train is equipped with modern technology such CCTV and smoke detector. Seats have sleep and reading lights, audio jack for earphone or headset, fold-able mini tables on the armrests, and separate cabin baggage.[25]

Additionally, some Parahyangan train consists have one added Priority class coach with seating capacity of 28 passengers. This train car has extra facilities such as audio video on demand (AVOD) in every seat, a minibar, 52-inch flat screen TV, special attendants, luxurious toilet, as well as premium seats.[26]

Incidents

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  • On 30 May 2014, the Argo Parahyangan train derailed in Depok, Darangdan, Purwakarta towards Cikadongdong Station which resulted in two cars and a locomotive derailing. Apart from that, the journey of the Serayu train was diverted and hundreds of passengers on the Argo Parahyangan train were stranded.[27][28][29][30]
  • On 26 August 2019 at 13:00, Argo Parahyangan train number 32 collided with an employee transport bus at the Warungbambu level crossing, East Karawang, Karawang because the bus broke down while crossing the railroad crossing. This incident resulted in the glass of the locomotive's lamps breaking, the generator car and several passenger cars being damaged. There were no casualties in the incident because the driver and passengers got out to avoid the accident. However, train travel was hampered.[31]
  • On 21 December 2019 at 22:15, The Argo Parahyangan train crashed into a car on a level crossing in Cibitung, Wanasari, Cibitung, Bekasi Regency which resulted in the car being badly damaged and seven passengers dying at the accident site. In addition, the left fog light on the locomotive broke then made an extraordinary stop at Tambun Station to inspect the locomotive.[32]
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Parahyangan Train.
  • Inside the Argo Parahyangan executive car prior to train series changing, 2010
    Inside the Argo Parahyangan executive car prior to train series changing, 2010
  • The Parahyangan train pulled by the CC 206 15 01 passing through Manggarai Station, 2022
    The Parahyangan train pulled by the CC 206 15 01 passing through Manggarai Station, 2022

See also

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References

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  1. ^ Admin @1 (9 November 2015). "Jadwal Kereta Api Parahyangan 2025". Kereta Api Kita. Retrieved 1 February 2025.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  2. ^ "New Argo Parahyangan train allows faster travel from Jakarta to Bandung". The Jakarta Post. Retrieved 29 September 2019.
  3. ^ "New Bandung train cars boast enhanced facilities", The Jakarta Post, retrieved 14 October 2018
  4. ^ Primus, Josephus (2 December 2022). "Tentang KA Parahyangan, Sumber Duit Perusahaan Kereta Api". Kompas.com (in Indonesian). Retrieved 5 May 2025.
  5. ^ 30 Tahun Indonesia Merdeka. Jakarta: Sekretariat Negara Republik Indonesia. 1977.
  6. ^ "Legenda Parahyangan". Roda Sayap (in Indonesian). Retrieved 23 May 2023.
  7. ^ "KA Jakarta-Bandung Diskon 50%, Penumpang Melonjak 100%". detiknews (in Indonesian). Retrieved 23 May 2023.
  8. ^ "Kereta Api Parahyangan Dihentikan". KOMPAS.com (in Indonesian). 16 April 2010. Retrieved 23 May 2023.
  9. ^ "Argo Bromo dan Argo Gede". Kompas. 1995.
  10. ^ "Nostalgia Mewahnya Kereta Api Argo Pertama di Indonesia". www.viva.co.id (in Indonesian). 20 March 2018. Retrieved 23 May 2023.
  11. ^ "Jadwal dan Tarif Kereta Api Argo Gede". Perusahaan Umum Kereta Api (in Indonesian). Archived from the original on 8 November 2021. Retrieved 23 May 2023.
  12. ^ "KA Argo Muria Mulai Beroperasi". Kompas. 2001.
  13. ^ "PT KA: Lebih Ramai Argo Gede Dibanding Parahyangan". detiknews (in Indonesian). Retrieved 23 May 2023.
  14. ^ "Kereta Api Argo Parahyangan". kabarr.com (in Indonesian). Retrieved 23 May 2023.
  15. ^ "KA Parahyangan, Sang Legendaris Pun Harus Berhenti". baltyra.com (in Indonesian). 29 April 2010. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 23 May 2023.
  16. ^ "Railway operator to increase frequency on Jakarta-Bandung route". The Jakarta Post. Retrieved 14 October 2018.
  17. ^ Okta, Maria (17 April 2018). "Dianggap Sempit dan Tak Nyaman, Kursi KA Ekonomi Premium Penumpang Akan Diganti". KabarPenumpang - Jalur Informasi Penumpang Tiga Moda (in Indonesian). Retrieved 23 May 2023.
  18. ^ Sidik, Fajar (18 October 2016). Newswire (ed.). "KA Mutiara Selatan Kembali ke Kelas Bisnis". Bisnis.com (in Indonesian). Retrieved 23 May 2023.
  19. ^ "Harga Tiket Kereta Api Jarak Jauh Turun, Cek Daftarnya". liputan6.com (in Indonesian). 17 October 2016. Retrieved 23 May 2023.
  20. ^ "KAI Luncurkan KA Argo Parahyangan Priority". Kereta Api Indonesia (in Indonesian). Retrieved 23 May 2023.
  21. ^ Susanti, Reni (28 September 2019). Belarminus, Robertus (ed.). "KAI Luncurkan KA Argo Parahyangan Excellence, Jakarta-Bandung 2 Jam 50 Menit". KOMPAS.com (in Indonesian). Retrieved 23 May 2023.
  22. ^ Arnani, Mela (3 February 2023). "Kereta Panoramic Beroperasi Februari 2023, Ini Cara Beli Tiketnya". KOMPAS.com (in Indonesian). Retrieved 23 May 2023.
  23. ^ Susanti, Reni (12 May 2023). "Jadwal KA Argo Parahyangan Bandung-Jakarta Terbaru, Berlaku 1 Juni 2023 Halaman all". KOMPAS.com (in Indonesian). Retrieved 23 May 2023.
  24. ^ Sulistyo, Bayu Tri (26 January 2025). "GAPEKA 2025, Selamat Datang Kembali KA Parahyangan!". redigest.web.id (in Indonesian). Retrieved 27 February 2025.
  25. ^ "Ini 10 Fasilitas Terbaru Argo Parahyangan". Republika. Retrieved 14 October 2018.
  26. ^ "Presidential train now available for Jakartans traveling to Bandung". Republika. Retrieved 14 October 2018.
  27. ^ Isnaini (30 May 2014). "KA Argo Parahyangan Anjlok di Bandung Barat". okezone.com (in Indonesian). Archived from the original on 5 June 2014. Retrieved 23 May 2023.
  28. ^ Isnaini (31 May 2014). "Seluruh Penumpang Argo Parahyangan Selamat". okezone.com (in Indonesian). Archived from the original on 5 June 2014. Retrieved 23 May 2023.
  29. ^ Isnaini (31 May 2014). "Ratusan Penumpang Argo Parahyangan Terlantar". okezone.com (in Indonesian). Archived from the original on 31 May 2014. Retrieved 23 May 2023.
  30. ^ "Argo Parahyangan Anjlok, Perjalanan KA Serayu Dialihkan". okezone.com. 31 May 2014. Archived from the original on 31 May 2014. Retrieved 23 May 2023.
  31. ^ Farhan, Farida (26 August 2019). Assifa, Farid (ed.). "Bus Mogok di Tengah Rel, Karyawan Berhamburan dan Kereta Pun Datang lalu Menabrak". KOMPAS.com (in Indonesian). Retrieved 23 May 2023.
  32. ^ Fikri, Luthfi Khairul (22 December 2019). "BREAKING NEWS: Kereta Api Tabrak Mobil di Cibitung, 7 Orang Tewas, Ini Kronologinya". wartakota.tribunnews.com (in Indonesian). Retrieved 23 May 2023.
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