Arthur Kill Vertical Lift Bridge

Arthur Kill Vertical Lift Bridge
Arthur Kill Vertical Lift Bridge
Coordinates40°38′15″N 74°11′44″W / 40.637518°N 74.195486°W / 40.637518; -74.195486
CarriesConrail Shared Assets Operations
CrossesArthur Kill
LocaleElizabeth, New Jersey and Staten Island, New York, United States
OwnerNew York City Economic Development Corporation[1][2]
Characteristics
DesignVertical-lift bridge
Height215 feet (66 m)
Longest span558 feet (170 m)[3]
Clearance below135 feet (41 m) open
31 feet (9.4 m) closed[4]
Rail characteristics
No. of tracks1
Track gauge4 ft 8+1⁄2 in (1,435 mm) standard gauge
Structure gaugeAAR
ElectrifiedNone
History
OpenedAugust 25, 1959;
reopened October 4, 2006
Location
Map
References
[5]
The bridge connects the western bulge in Staten Island, upper left, with the New Jersey mainland.

The Arthur Kill Vertical Lift Bridge is a rail vertical-lift bridge connecting Elizabethport, New Jersey, and the Howland Hook Marine Terminal on Staten Island, New York, United States. The bridge was built by the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad in 1959 to replace the Arthur Kill Bridge, a swing bridge opened in 1890.[6] It contains a single track that is used mainly to carry garbage out of New York City, as well as to transport freight to destinations in western Staten Island. The bridge parallels the Goethals Bridge, which carries Interstate 278. It has the longest lift span of any vertical-lift bridge in the world,[7] with two 215-foot (66 m) towers and a 558-foot (170 m) truss span that allows a 500-foot (152 m) channel. It clears mean high water by 31 feet (9.45 m) when closed and 135 feet (41 m) when lifted.[8]

First period of use

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After the bridge opened in 1959 upon having replaced the Arthur Kill Bridge,[6] rail traffic declined due to loss of manufacturing facilities on Staten Island. Bethlehem Steel closed in 1960, U.S. Gypsum in 1972, U.S. Lines-Howland Hook Marine Terminal in 1986, and Procter and Gamble in 1991. A shift to truck traffic also reduced rail traffic over the bridge, and the North Shore branch of rail service went through a series of owners. The three companies that owned the North Branch were B&O Railroad, CSX, and the Delaware Otsego Corporation. They saw the bridge as excess property. The last freight train went over the Arthur Kill Lift Bridge in 1990, and North Shore branch service ceased to operate until 2007.[9]

Second period of use

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In 1994, the New York City Economic Development Corporation (NYCEDC) purchased the Arthur Kill Railroad Lift Bridge and the North Shore branch from CSX.[10] In December 2004, NYCEDC and the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey announced a $72 million project to rehabilitate the bridge and reactivate freight rail service on Staten Island. Repairs included repainting the steel and rehabilitating the lift mechanism.[11] The bridge was painted royal blue in an homage to the B&O.[12] The rehabilitation project was completed in June 2006.

On October 4, 2006, a train crossed the bridge for the first time in 16 years. It was a single locomotive which took on switching duties at the New York Container Terminal, also known by its old name, Howland Hook.[13]

On April 2, 2007, normal operations involving garbage removal from the Staten Island Transfer Station started, which would result in an estimated 90,000 annual truck loads diverted from the nearby Goethals Bridge.[14] On October 4, 2007, New York Container Terminal, which operates Howland Hook, announced the opening of on-dock rail service called ExpressRail via the bridge, with regular service by Conrail (CRCX), CSX and Norfolk Southern railroads.[15] In 2013, Reworld signed a contract with the New York City Sanitation Department to barge containers of solid waste from transfer stations in Queens and Manhattan to New York Container Terminal where they will be transferred to rail cars for shipment to Covanta waste to energy plants.[16]

Arthur Kill is a ship channel. The bridge is normally kept in the raised position (open to shipping), lowering to allow the passage of trains.[2] As of 2018, U.S. Coast Guard regulations[17] limit lowering the bridge to two 15-minute periods per day, with advance warning and restrictions on lowering during high tide. Conrail, which services Staten Island with one train a day, has stated that they do not see this limitation affecting current rail traffic levels, but it could become a problem if traffic increases significantly[16]: p. 15 

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  • View of the track.
    View of the track.

See also

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References

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  1. ^ Belson, Ken; Neuman, William (March 13, 2007). "City Hopes to Fix a Staten Island Railroad Bridge That Could, but Now Can't". The New York Times. Retrieved July 24, 2013.
  2. ^ a b "Arthur Kill Lift Bridge [rehabiltation project]". Hudson Meridian Construction Group. 2008. Archived from the original on June 17, 2016.
  3. ^ "Arthur Kill Vertical Lift Bridge". Structurae. Retrieved May 11, 2013.
  4. ^ "Chart 12333". NOAA. Retrieved December 8, 2017.
  5. ^ "CRCX - Arthur Kill Vertical Lift Bridge". Bridgehunter.com. Archived from the original on November 4, 2022. Retrieved June 30, 2021.
  6. ^ a b "Center of New Bridge Floated Across Arthur Kill on 4 Barges". The New York Times. June 1, 1959. Retrieved September 16, 2010.
  7. ^ "Movable bridge". Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Retrieved August 15, 2013.
  8. ^ Railway Age March 4, 1957 p36
  9. ^ "NJ-Staten Island link poised to return; Arthur Kill bridge finally fixed". Crain's New York Business. March 26, 2007. Archived from the original on June 15, 2011. Retrieved May 11, 2013.
  10. ^ "Case Study: Staten Island Railroad" (PDF). Envision Freight. p. 6. Archived from the original (PDF) on March 3, 2016. Retrieved January 13, 2013.
  11. ^ Surface Transportation Board Reports: Decisions of the Surface Transportation Board of the United States, V. 7, June 2003 to December 2004. U.S. Government Printing Office. 2010. p. 757. ISBN 978-0-16-084095-1. Retrieved February 23, 2018.
  12. ^ The royal blue color was a thematic element of much of the B&O. It was used as the name of the premier Royal Blue (train) service between Washington and New York for example.
  13. ^ Young, Deborah (October 5, 2006). "Riding the rails into the port's future". Staten Island Advance.
  14. ^ Yates, Maura (April 3, 2007). "As the trash train rolls, fewer trucks clog roads". Staten Island Advance.
  15. ^ "NYCT announces the opening of its On-Dock Rail!" (Press release). New York Container Terminal. October 4, 2007. Archived from the original on July 14, 2011. Retrieved January 15, 2010.
  16. ^ a b "Appendix C - Rail Freight Capacity Analysis For Movement Of New York City Waste" (PDF). City of New York Department of Sanitation. June 2018.
  17. ^ 33 CFR 117.702 Arthur Kill
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