Astarac

Astarac Estarac
County
Coat of arms
Astarac among gascon strongholds in the Middle Ages.
First Created	920
Founded by	García II Sánchez of Gascony
Government
• Type	Former district of the province of Gascony

Astarac (French pronunciation: [astaʁak]) (or Estarac) is a region in modern-day departments of Gers and Hautes-Pyrénées. It was historically located in Gascony, a county in the Middle Ages. Astarac was formed as a county out of the partition of the Duchy of Gascony: following the death of García II Sánchez of Gascony, the duchy was partitioned between his sons, with Arnold I, the youngest son, receiving Astarac.

Defined as a natural region, Astarac is located in Gascony, south of the department of Gers and north of the department of Hautes-Pyrénées. Bordering on the Lannemezan plateau, it is a very hilly region with clay soil, crossed by several rivers including the Baïse, Arrats and Gers, which have led to the formation of artificial lakes such as the Lac de l'Astarac.

Astarac borders Armagnac to the northwest, the Rivière-Basse and Bigorre to the west, the Magnoac [fr] to the southeast, and Comminges to the east. Its principal cities are Mirande, Masseube, Miélan, Tournay, Pavie, Idrac-Respaillès, Castelnau-Barbarens, Berdoues, Ponsampère, Mont-d'Astarac, Miramont-d'Astarac, Laas d'Astarac, and Fontrailles.

Astarac is a region of scattered settlements.

Livestock farming is the main form of economic output in this region.

Astarac is in the area of influence of the Gascon language.

The arms of Astarac county are blazoned as follows: quartered sections of Or (gold/yellow) and Gules (red). This coat of arms is also used by the House of Astarac.

Astarac (in the Middle Ages: Asteriacum, Asteirac) is a priori, like its homonym Estirac, for a Gallo-Roman domain name based on the local name Aster (Uciando Aster, Dato Aster, Sancio Aster, Atton Aster are documented personal names, the first three in Bigorre, the fourth in Lézat-sur-Lèze). The village of Asté, near Beaucens, is an ancient Aster. Linguist Joan Coromines likens this name to the biscayan word: azterren, meaning 'root' or 'foundation'.

You can help expand this section with text translated from the corresponding article in French. (November 2024) Click [show] for important translation instructions. View a machine-translated version of the French article. Machine translation, like DeepL or Google Translate, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Wikipedia. Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article. You must provide copyright attribution in the edit summary accompanying your translation by providing an interlanguage link to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary is Content in this edit is translated from the existing French Wikipedia article at [[:fr:Astarac]]; see its history for attribution. You may also add the template {{Translated|fr|Astarac}} to the talk page. For more guidance, see Wikipedia:Translation.

Dates should be approached with extreme caution. Usually the exact dates of accession and death are unknown and only floruit dates can be provided. Further, the sources do not always give the same dates.

• 926 – 960 Arnold I Nonat
• 960 – before 975 Garcie-Arnaud [ru], son
• Before 975 – 1022/23 Arnold II [fr; ru], son
• 1022/23 – c. 1060 William, son
• c. 1060 – after 1099 Sancho I, son
• After 1099 – 1142 Bernard I [ru], son
• 1142 – bef. 1153 Sancho II, son
• bef. 1153 – c.1176 Bohemond, brother
• 1174 – 1182 Bernard II, nephew
• 1183 – ???? Marquesa, cousin, co-countess
• 1183 – ???? Beatrice, sister, co-countess
• ???? – 1233 Centule I, son
• 1233 – 1249 Centule II, son
• 1249 – 1291 Bernard III, brother
• 1291 – 1300 Centule III, son
• 1300 – 1324 Bernard IV, son
• 1324 – 1326 Bernard V, son
• 1326 – 1331 Amanieu, brother
• 1331 – 1363 Centule IV, son
• 1363 – 1403 John I, son
• 1398 – 1410 John II, son
• 1410 – 1458 John III, son
• 1458 – 1511 John IV, son
• 1511 – 1569 Martha, daughter

• 1511 – 1536 Gaston, husband
• ???? – 1528 Charles, son
• 1528 John I, brother
• 1528 – 1571 Frederick, brother
• 1571 John II, son
• 1571 – 1572 Henry, son
• 1572 – 1593 Margaret, daughter

• Père Anselme; Déchaussé, Augustin; M. Du Fourny; Père Ange; Père Simplicien, eds. (1726). "Anciens Comtes d'Astarac". Histoire Généalogique Et Chronologique De La Maison Royale De France, Des Pairs, Grands Officiers de la Couronne & de la Maison du Roy: & des anciens Barons du Royaume (in French). Vol. 2 (3rd ed.). Paris: Compagnie des Libraires. pp. 615–620. Retrieved 23 September 2017.
• Jaurgain, Jean de (1902). "XVII. Comtes d'Asterac et d'Aure. Comtes de Pardiac". La Vasconie: étude historique et critique sur les origines du Royaume de Navarre (in French). Vol. 2. Pau: Imprimerie Garet. pp. 156–173. Retrieved 24 September 2017. By Jean de Jaurgain [fr].
• Guinaudeau, Nicolas (2011–2013). "La famille d'Asterac et la gestion du territoire comtal entre le début du X^e siècle et le milieu du XVI^e siècle". Acta Historica et Archæologica Mediævalia (in French). 31. University of Barcelona: 65–113. ISSN 0212-2960. Retrieved 23 September 2017. Uploaded to RACO [ca].
• * "Généalogie des comtes d'Astarac" (in French). Retrieved 23 September 2017.

43°31′N 0°24′E / 43.51°N 0.40°E / 43.51; 0.40

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