Chitty Chitty Bang Bang

Chitty Chitty Bang Bang
Theatrical release poster
Directed by	Ken Hughes
Screenplay by	Roald Dahl Ken Hughes
Additional dialogue by	Richard Maibaum
Based on	Chitty-Chitty-Bang-Bang by Ian Fleming
Produced by	Albert R. Broccoli
Starring	Dick Van Dyke Sally Ann Howes Lionel Jeffries Gert Fröbe Anna Quayle Benny Hill James Robertson Justice Robert Helpmann
Cinematography	Christopher Challis
Edited by	John Shirley
Music by	Songs: Richard M. Sherman Robert B. Sherman Background Score: Irwin Kostal
Production companies	Warfield Productions Dramatic Features
Distributed by	United Artists
Release dates	16 December 1968 (1968-12-16) (London premiere) 17 December 1968 (1968-12-17) (UK) 18 December 1968 (1968-12-18) (US)
Running time	145 minutes[1]
Countries	United Kingdom[2] United States[2]
Language	English
Budget	$10 million[3] or $12 million[4]
Box office	$7.5 million (rentals)[5]

Chitty Chitty Bang Bang is a 1968 children's musical adventure film directed by Ken Hughes and produced by Albert R. Broccoli. It stars Dick Van Dyke, Sally Ann Howes, Lionel Jeffries, Gert Fröbe, Anna Quayle, Benny Hill, James Robertson Justice, Robert Helpmann, Heather Ripley and Adrian Hall. The film is based on the 1964 children's novel Chitty-Chitty-Bang-Bang: The Magical Car by Ian Fleming, with a screenplay co-written by Hughes and Roald Dahl.

Irwin Kostal supervised and conducted the music for the film based on songs written by the Sherman Brothers, Richard and Robert, and the musical numbers were staged by Marc Breaux and Dee Dee Wood. At the 41st Academy Awards, the film's title song was nominated for Best Song – Original for the Picture.^[6]

In the year 1909^[7] in rural England, Jemima and Jeremy, the two young children of widowed unsuccessful inventor Caractacus Potts, become enthralled by the wreck of a champion racecar. When they learn the car is due to be scrapped, they return home ("You Two") and beg their father to save it. To raise money, Caractacus attempts to sell one of his inventions, a musical hard candy. Unfortunately, the sound of the candy whistles attracts a horde of dogs, ruining his sales pitch ("Toot Sweets") to a large candy conpany.

That evening, Caractacus sings his children a lullaby ("Hushabye Mountain") before going to a carnival and attempting to raise money with an automatic hair-cutting machine. Fleeing a furious customer whose hair was ruined by the machine, Caractacus joins a spirited song-and-dance act ("Me Ol' Bamboo"). He earns enough money in tips to buy the car and rebuilds it, naming it "Chitty Chitty Bang Bang" after its unusual engine sounds.

For their first trip in the car ("Chitty Chitty Bang Bang"), Caractacus and the children go to a beach to have a picnic. They are joined by Truly Scrumptious, the wealthy heiress to the candy company. Though she and Caractacus have previously had several heated encounters, everyone has a pleasant time ("Truly Scrumptious"). At the beach, Caractacus tells the children a story, beginning an extended fantasy sequence.

The nasty Baron Bomburst, tyrannical ruler of the fictional land of Vulgaria, attempts to steal Chitty. The family escapes thanks to Chitty's miraculous transformation into a boat, and Truly goes home to Scrumptious Manor ("Lovely Lonely Man"). The Baron sends two bungling spies to get the car. Finding this task impossible, the spies decide to kidnap Caractacus instead, but mistake Grandpa Potts for Caractacus. As the spies fly away in their airship ("Posh!"), Chitty sprouts wings and propellers. Caractacus flies the car to Vulgaria, with Truly and the children in tow.

Grandpa is taken to Bomburst's castle, where the Baron has already imprisoned several other elderly inventors. They are ordered to make another floating car, but all their attempts fail ("The Roses of Success"). When the Potts party arrives, they find that children have been outlawed in Vulgaria, as the Baron's wife is disgusted by the sight of children. A kindly Toymaker harbours Caractacus' group in his shop, and they disguise themselves as jack-in-the-boxes to hide the children from the Baron's Child Catcher. Chitty is discovered and taken to the castle; while Caractacus and the Toymaker search for Grandpa, and Truly searches for food, the Child Catcher returns and traps Jeremy and Jemima. The Toymaker takes Caractacus and Truly to a grotto beneath the castle where the townspeople have been hiding their children ("Hushabye Mountain" (reprise)); there, Caractacus concocts a scheme to free Vulgaria from the tyranny of the Bombursts.

The next day, which is the Baron's birthday ("Chu-Chi Face"), the Toymaker sneaks Caractacus and Truly into the castle disguised as giant dolls that sing and dance ("Doll on a Music Box/Truly Scrumptious (Reprise)"). At Caractacus' signal, the Vulgarian children swarm the banquet hall, overcome the Baron's guests, and capture the Baron, Baroness, and Child Catcher. The Vulgarian adults storm the castle, while Caractacus, Truly, and the Toymaker free Jemima and Jeremy. The group joins the fight against the Baron's soldiers; Chitty comes to their aid, and Grandpa is rescued. With the battle won, the Potts family and Truly bid farewell to the Vulgarians and fly back home to England.

As Caractacus' story concludes, an awkward moment ensues when the children ask Caractacus if the story ends with him and Truly getting married. Caractacus does not answer; later, he tries to apologize for his children when he drops Truly off at her manor, saying that the difference in their social status would make a relationship between them ridiculous, offending Truly. Returning glumly to his cottage, Caractacus is surprised to encounter Truly's father Lord Scrumptious, who is revealed to have been Grandpa Potts' former brigadier. Lord Scrumptious offers to buy Caractacus' failed candies and market them to the public as dog treats. Overjoyed that he has finally made a successful invention, Caractacus rushes off to tell Truly, but her house staff has already told her the news, and she meets him halfway. They confess their love for each other, and as they return home, Chitty flies up into the sky once again, this time without wings. ("Chitty Chitty Bang Bang" (Finale)).

^[8]

After Ian Fleming had a heart attack in 1961, he decided to write a children's novel based on the stories about a flying car that he used to tell his infant son.^[9] He wrote the book in longhand, as his wife had confiscated his typewriter in an attempt to force him to rest.

The novel was initially published in three volumes, the first in October 1964, which was two months after Fleming's death.^[10] It became one of the best-selling children's books of the year.^[11] Albert R. Broccoli, producer of the James Bond films (which were based on novels by Fleming), read the novel and was not initially enthusiastic about turning it into a film, but the success of Mary Poppins (1964) changed his mind.^[9]

In December 1965, it was reported Earl Hamner had completed a script based upon the novel.^[12] The following July, it was announced the film would be produced by Broccoli, without Harry Saltzman, who was his producing partner on the James Bond films.^[13] By April 1967, Ken Hughes was set to direct the film from a screenplay by Roald Dahl,^[14] and Hughes subsequently rewrote Dahl's script.^[9] Further rewrites were made by regular Bond scribe Richard Maibaum.

Van Dyke was cast in the film after he turned down the role of Fagin in the 1968 musical Oliver!. The role of Truly Scrumptious was originally offered to Julie Andrews to reunite her with Van Dyke after their success in Mary Poppins (1964), but Andrews rejected the part because she felt it was too similar to Poppins;^[15] Sally Ann Howes, who had replaced Andrews as Eliza Doolittle in My Fair Lady on Broadway in 1958, was then offered the role, and she accepted.

Broccoli announced the casting of Dick Van Dyke in December 1966.^[16] The film was the first in a multi-picture deal Van Dyke signed with United Artists.^[17] Sally Ann Howes was cast as the female lead in April 1967,^[14] soon thereafter signing a five-picture contract with Broccoli,^[18] and Robert Helpmann joined the cast in May.^[19] Chitty Chitty Bang Bang was the first film for both of its child stars, Heather Ripley and Adrian Hall, who were cast after an extensive talent search.^[20]

Filming for Chitty Chitty Bang Bang began on 17 July 1967 and ended on 4 October 1967.^[9]

Location in film	Image of location	Location of filming
Duck pond Truly drives into		Russell's Water, Oxfordshire, England[21]
Potts Windmill/Cottage		Cobstone Windmill (also known as Turville Windmill) in Ibstone near Turville in Buckinghamshire, England[21]
Scrumptious Sweet Company factory (exterior)		Kempton Park Waterworks on Snakey Lane in Hanworth, Greater London, England[21] This location now includes Kempton Park Steam Engines (a museum open to the public)
Scrumptious Mansion		Heatherden Hall at Pinewood Studios in Iver Heath in Iver, Buckinghamshire, England[21]
Where Chitty passes a train		Longmoor Military Railway in Hampshire, England This line closed in 1968 (the same year the film was released)
Beach		Cap Taillat in Saint-Tropez, France
Where the two spies put dynamite underneath Bucks Bridge in an attempt to destroy Chitty		Iver Lane in Iver, Buckinghamshire, England
Railway bridge where the two spies kidnap Lord Scrumptious		Ilmer Bridge in Ilmer, Buckinghamshire, England
White cliffs Chitty drives off		Beachy Head in East Sussex, England
White rock spires in the ocean and lighthouse when Chitty first flies		The Needles stacks and lighthouse on England's Isle of Wight
Baron Bomburst's castle (exterior)		Neuschwanstein Castle in Bavaria, West Germany
Vulgarian village		Rothenburg ob der Tauber, Bavaria, West Germany

John Stears supervised the film's special effects, and Caractacus Potts' inventions were created by Rowland Emett. An article about Emett that appeared in Time magazine in 1976 mentioned his work on the film, saying that no term other than "'Fantasticator' [...] could remotely convey the diverse genius of the perky, pink-cheeked Englishman whose pixilations, in cartoon, watercolor and clanking 3-D reality, range from the celebrated Far Tottering and Oyster Creek Railway to the demented thingamabobs that made the 1968 movie Chitty Chitty Bang Bang a minuscule classic."^[22]

Ken Adam designed the film's titular car^[23] and six Chitty Chitty Bang Bangs were created for the film, though only one was fully-functional. At a 1973 auction in Florida, one Chitty sold for $37,000,^[24] equal to $253,952 today. The original "hero" car, in a condition described as "fully functional" and "road going", was put up for auction on 15 May 2011 by a California-based auction house.^[25] Expected to fetch $1 million to $2 million, it was purchased for $805,000^[26] by New Zealand film director Sir Peter Jackson.^[27]

The songs in the film were written by the Sherman Brothers, who had also worked as the songwriters for Mary Poppins.^[28] Poppins' musical supervisor and conductor Irwin Kostal would also work in the same capacity for this movie, as well as the choreographers Marc Breaux and Dee Dee Wood.

United Artists promoted the film with an expensive, extensive advertising campaign, hoping to reproduce the success of The Sound of Music (1965), and it was initially released on a roadshow basis.^[4]

Film critic Roger Ebert wrote: "Chitty Chitty Bang Bang contains about the best two-hour children's movie you could hope for, with a marvelous magical auto and lots of adventure and a nutty old grandpa and a mean Baron and some funny dances and a couple of [scary] moments."^[29]

Time began its review by stating the film is a "picture for the ages—the ages between five and twelve", and ended by noting that "At a time when violence and sex are the dual sellers at the box office, Chitty Chitty Bang Bang looks better than it is simply because it's not not all all bad bad." The review also said that the film's "eleven songs have all the rich melodic variety of an automobile horn. Persistent syncopation and some breathless choreography partly redeem it, but most of the film's sporadic success is due to director Ken Hughes's fantasy scenes, which make up in imagination what they lack in technical facility."^[30]

Renata Adler of The New York Times wrote that "in spite of the dreadful title, Chitty Chitty Bang Bang [...] is a fast, dense, friendly children's musical, with something of the joys of singing together on a team bus on the way to a game." She called the screenplay "remarkably good" and said the film's "preoccupation with sweets and machinery seems ideal for children", and ended her review on the same note as Time saying: "There is nothing coy, or stodgy or too frightening about the film; and this year, when it has seemed highly doubtful that children ought to go to the movies at all, Chitty Chitty Bang Bang sees to it that none of the audience's terrific eagerness to have a good time is betrayed or lost."^[31]

Although the film was the tenth-most popular at the U.S. box office in 1969,^[32] because of its high budget, it lost United Artists an estimated $8 million during its initial theatrical run. The same year, five films produced by Harry Saltzman, Battle of Britain among them, lost UA $19 million. All of these financial difficulties caused UA to scale back their operations in the UK.^[33]

Filmink stated: "It's a gorgeous looking movie with divine sets, a fabulous cast and cheerful songs; it's also, like so many late '60s musicals, far too long and would have been better at a tight 90 minutes."^[36] Film historian Leonard Maltin disagreed, giving the movie just 1.5 out of a possible 4 stars, and describing it as "one big Edsel, with totally forgettable score and some of the shoddiest special effects ever."^[37]

On review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, the film has an approval rating of 70% based on 30 reviews, with an average score of 5.9/10.^[38]

The film's original soundtrack album, as was typical of soundtrack albums for musical films of the period, featured mostly songs with vocals, and few instrumentals. Some of the songs were edited to accommodate the time constraints of a standard 12-inch LP and help create a fluid listening experience.

The soundtrack has been released on CD four times. The first two releases used the original LP masters, rather than going back to the original movie masters to compile a more complete soundtrack album with underscoring and complete versions of songs. The 1997 Rykodisc release, which has gone out of circulation, included several short bits of dialogue from the film between some of the tracks, but otherwise used the LP master. On 24 February 2004, a few months after MGM released a two-disc "Special Edition" DVD package of the film, Varèse Sarabande reissued a newly remastered soundtrack album without the dialogue tracks, restoring the original 1968 LP format.

In 2011, Kritzerland released a two-CD set featuring the original soundtrack album, plus bonus tracks, music from the "Song and Picture-Book Album", the Richard Sherman demos, and six playback tracks (including a long version of international covers of the theme song). This release was limited to only 1,000 units.^[39] Perseverance Records re-released the Kritzerland double-CD set in April 2013, with new liner notes by John Trujillo and a new booklet by James Wingrove.

No definitive release of the original film soundtrack featuring the performances that lock to picture without the dialogue and effects can be made, as the original isolated scoring session recordings were lost or discarded when United Artists merged its archives. All that is left is the 6-track 70MM sound mix with the other elements already added in.

Chitty Chitty Bang Bang was released numerous times on VHS, as well as on Betamax, CED, and LaserDisc. It was released on DVD for the first time on 10 November 1998,^[40] and a two-disc "Special Edition" package was released in 2003. On 2 November 2010, MGM Home Entertainment, through 20th Century Fox Home Entertainment, released a two-disc Blu-ray and DVD combination featuring the extras from the 2003 release, as well as new features. The 1993 LaserDisc release by MGM/UA Home Video was the first home video release of the film with the proper 2.20:1 Super Panavision 70 aspect ratio.

The film did not follow Fleming's novel closely. A novelisation of the film written by John Burke was published at the time of the film's release. It basically followed the film's story, but there were some differences in tone and emphasis; for example, the novelisation mentioned that Caractacus had difficulty coping after the death of his wife and made it clearer that the sequences including Baron Bomburst were fantasy.^[41]

• Gold Key: Chitty Chitty Bang Bang. Gold Key Comics. February 1969.^[42]

Corgi Toys released a scale replica of the titular vehicle with working features, such as pop out wings.^[43] Mattel Toys produced a replica with different features, while Aurora produced a detailed hobby kit of the car.^[44] Post Honeycomb cereal contained a free plastic model of Chitty inside specially-marked boxes, with cutout wings for the car on the back of the box.^[45]

An educational PC game titled Chitty Chitty Bang Bang's Adventure in Tinkertown was released in October 1996. It featured the titular car and required players to solve puzzles to win.^[46]

A musical theatre adaptation of the film with music and lyrics by Richard and Robert Sherman and book by Jeremy Sams premiered on 16 April 2002 at the London Palladium in the West End. This adaptation features six new songs by the Sherman brothers that were not in the film.^[47] A Broadway production of the play opened on 28 April 2005 at the Hilton Theatre.^[48]

After closing in London, Chitty Chitty Bang Bang toured around the UK, and the UK Tour opened in Singapore on 2 November 2007. The Australian national production of the play opened on 17 November 2012. The German premiere took place on 30 April 2014.^{[citation needed]}

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Chitty Chitty Bang Bang (film).

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• Chitty Chitty Bang Bang at IMDb
• Chitty Chitty Bang Bang at the TCM Movie Database
• Chitty Chitty Bang Bang at AllMovie
• Chitty Chitty Bang Bang at the AFI Catalog of Feature Films
• Chitty Chitty Bang Bang at Rotten Tomatoes