Basil Harwood

Basil Harwood
Background information
Birth name	Basil Harwood
Born	(1859-04-11)11 April 1859 Woodhouse, Gloucestershire, England
Died	3 April 1949(1949-04-03) (aged 89) London
Genres	Organ music; choral music
Occupation(s)	Organist and composer
Instrument	Organ
Years active	1883–1939

Basil Harwood (11 April 1859 – 3 April 1949) was an organist and composer in the English church music tradition, best known today for his liturgical works, particularly his anthem O How Glorious is the Kingdom (1898) and his Service in A flat (1892), which still remain popular in English churches. He wrote numerous hymn tunes, several of which became well-known including Luckington ("Let All the World in Every Corner Sing") and Thornbury ("O Jesus I Have Promised" and "Thy hand, O God, has guided").

Basil Harwood was born on 11 April 1859 at Woodhouse, Olveston, Gloucestershire, the youngest child of Edward Harwood (1818–1907), a banker.^[1] His mother Mary, née Sturge (1840–1867), was of Quaker extraction, and Harwood was brought up in that faith until a switch to Anglicanism in 1869 following his father's second marriage.^[1]

As a boy, Harwood attended Walton Lodge preparatory school in Clevedon, followed in 1864 by Charterhouse.^[1] In 1876 he won a scholarship to Trinity College, Oxford, where he was placed in the second class in classical moderations (1879) and the third in modern history (1881).^[1] He took his music degree (BMus) in 1880, studying with C. W. Corfe, then the university's Choragus.^[1]

After Oxford, Harwood spent a year in Leipzig studying composition with Jadassohn and the organ with Papperitz.^[1]

Harwood's first professional position was organist of St Barnabas', Pimlico in 1883, a post he held until 1887.^[2] He then served as organist at Ely Cathedral for five years, followed by a final move to Oxford in 1892 where he remained organist of Christ Church Cathedral until his retirement in 1909.^[2][1]

He became Doctor of Music (DMus) in 1896, submitting as his doctoral work a setting of Psalm 86, Inclina domine.^[1]

During his time in Oxford Harwood acted as conductor of the Oxford Orchestral Association (1892–8), and became the first conductor of the Oxford Bach Choir in 1896.^[1] He held the position of Precentor of Keble College between 1892 and 1903, and was Choragus at the university from 1900 until his retirement.^[2][1] He edited The Oxford Hymn Book (1908)^[1] as well as acting as an Oxford examiner for several academic years between 1900 and 1915.^[2]

Harwood's musical works sit within the 'English' tradition established by Wesley, Stainer, Parry and Stanford.^[1] He is best known today for his liturgical works, particularly his anthem O How Glorious is the Kingdom (1898) and his Service in A flat (1892), which still remain popular with English choirs.^[1] He wrote numerous hymn tunes, several of which became well-known including Luckington ("Let All the World in Every Corner Sing"), Thornbury ("O Jesus I Have Promised" and "Thy hand, O God, has Guided"), and St Audrey ("Sing ye Faithful, Sing with Gladness").^[3][1]

He produced a number of choral works, often for church festivals, including Inclina Domine (Gloucester Festival 1898); As by the Streams of Babylon (Oxford Bach Choir 1907); Jesus, Thy Boundless Love (St Paul's Cathedral 1909); Song on May Morning (Leeds Festival 1913); Love Incarnate (Gloucester Festival 1925); Ye Choirs of New Jerusalem (Gloucester Festival 1928); and Sacrifice Triumphant (1939).^[2]

Harwood's organ style was distinctive and technically challenging.^[1] He made significant contributions to the repertory of English Romantic music with works requiring considerable virtuoso technique such as Sonata no.1 in C sharp minor op.5, Dithyramb op.7, and Toccata op.49.^[3] There is also full scale Concerto in D major for organ & orchestra, op. 24, composed circa 1910. His love of plainchant and hymn tunes is often evident in his organ works.^[1]

Harwood was deeply religious and was said to have had a quiet, gentle, and reserved personality.^[1] On 27 December 1899 he married one of his former pupils, Mabel Ada Jennings (1871–1974). The couple had two sons, John Edward Godfrey (born 1900) and Basil Anthony (born 1903).^[1] In 1909 Harwood took early retirement and returned to Gloucestershire to manage his family estate there.^[3]

In 1936 Harwood and his wife moved to London, where they remained except for some temporary absences in Bournemouth and then Shiplake during the war.^[1] Harwood died on 3 April 1949 at his home, 50 Courtfield Gardens, Kensington, aged 89.^[1] His ashes were interred in St Barnabas's Church, Pimlico.^[1]

• Dibble, Jeremy (20 January 2001). "Harwood, Basil". Grove Music Online. doi:10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.12494.
• Dibble, Jeremy (23 September 2004). "Harwood, Basil (1859–1949)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/33749. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
• "Harwood, Basil". Who's Who. 29 March 2021. doi:10.1093/ww/9780199540884.013.U226553.

• Free scores by Basil Harwood at the International Music Score Library Project (IMSLP)
• Free scores by Basil Harwood in the Choral Public Domain Library (ChoralWiki)