Bioconvergence

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Bioconvergence is a multidisciplinary approach in life sciences that leverages the integration of biotechnology, engineering, and computers to address complex challenges. This method is used in diagnostic processes and the development of materials and pharmaceuticals.^[1] In addition to healthcare, bioconvergence contributes to improvements in sectors such as agriculture, energy, food, security, and climate.^[2] Research by McKinsey indicates that the majority of bioconvergence's potential uses fall outside the healthcare sector, in areas like agriculture, aquaculture, consumer products, novel materials, chemistry, and energy. McKinsey estimates that bioconvergence solutions currently under development could generate an economic impact of up to US$4 trillion annually within the next 10 to 20 years.^[3]

Bioconvergence uses methods from various disciplines such as biology, engineering, medicine, agriculture, computational sciences and artificial intelligence (AI), in order to solve challenges across several sectors.

Bioconvergence technologies in healthcare may include translational medicine, enabling the extraction of new insights from massive data sets; neuromorphic computing, which seeks to emulate the biological neural structure of the brain to increase processing performance and energy efficiency; creation of digital twins for clinical trials; and biochips such as an "organ on a chip" (OOC).^[4] Other potential implications of bioconvergence include new methods of using nanorobotics for drug delivery, regenerative medicine, diagnostics and biological sensors, optogenetics, bioelectronics, engineered "living" materials, and more.^[5] According to Belén Garijo, CEO of Merck, bioconvergence can also bring about the potential of personalized medicine".^[6]

Traditional agriculture relies on land, water, and a suitable climate. Proponents of bioconvergence research attest that its technologies could be used to grow food anywhere in labs and indoor vertical farms.^[7]

Potential applications also include new ways to conduct breeding of animals and plants using molecular or genetic markers that may be quicker than established selective-breeding methods; more precise tools for genetic engineering of plants; use of the microbiome of plants, soil, animals, and water to improve the quality and productivity of agricultural production; and the development of alternative proteins, including cultured meat, alternative eggs, and alternative milk.^[3]

Bioconvergence could transform the natural resource sector through new ways of making and obtaining raw materials and fuels, as well as new manufacturing techniques. This could potentially ease pressure on natural resources.^[7]

The term "bioconvergence" was used in 2005 to describe the integration of bio- and information-technologies into the healthcare industry.^[8] Since 2020, it has gained wider recognition.

In April 2020, The European Investment Bank and the Israel Innovation Authority concluded a cooperation agreement to jointly pursue investments in the globally emerging domain of bioconvergence.^[9]

In March 2021, the US National Intelligence Council (NIC), which bridges the United States Intelligence Community with policy makers in the US, published a research paper on the "Future of Biology", concluding that "During the next 20 years, a more multidisciplinary and data-intensive approach to life sciences will shift our understanding of and ability to manipulate living matter. These disciplines, combined with cognitive science, nanotechnology, physics, and others, are propelling new leaps in our understanding. It is anticipated that the collective application of these diverse technologies to the life sciences—known as bioconvergence— will accelerate discovery and predictability in biotech design and production."^{[10][excessive quote]}

In September 2021, CELLINK Life Sciences, a Swedish publicly traded company that commercialized the first bio-based ink in 2016, changed its group name to BICO Group, short for "bioconvergence." It is building a portfolio that blends biology, engineering and computer science technologies and considering acquisition opportunities in bioconvergence technology companies.^[11]

In May 2022, Israel launched a 5-year national plan worth ₪435 million (US$127 million) to boost research and development in bioconvergence.^[12] Also in May 2022, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev (BGU) and Soroka Medical Center announced a strategic collaboration for the development of novel technologies in the field of bioconvergence.^[13]

In October 2022, Japan announced that it will establish a global center of bioconvergence innovation in the Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology. It will be supported by a grant from the Japan Science and Technology Agency JST Program on Open Innovation Platform for Academia-Industry Co-Creation.^[14]

According to a McKinsey report on public policy and "Biological innovations for complex problems", the Israel Innovation Authority is "investing in bioconvergence technologies to ensure that professionals in biology, computer science, mathematics, engineering, and nanoscience work seamlessly together".^{[15][excessive quote]} The Israel Innovation Authority views bioconvergence as potentially "one of the next significant growth engines of Israeli high-tech".^[16]

According to research company Grand View Research, the global bioconvergence market was valued at USD 110.9 billion in 2021 and is anticipated to expand at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 7.4% from 2022 to 2030. The significant market growth can be attributed to the increasing elderly population and the accelerating stem cell technology for the fixing of injured cells, tissues, and organs.^[2] A McKinsey report in 2020 suggests that a pipeline of over 400 scientifically feasible use cases are already visible, and that these applications alone could have direct economic impact of up to US$4 trillion per year over the next 10 to 20 years.^[3]

• Dean, B. V.; Osland, Asbjorn; Richter, Melinda; Jiang, William Y. (August 2007). "The San José BioCenter: BioConvergence Entrepreneurship in Silicon Valley". PICMET '07 - 2007 Portland International Conference on Management of Engineering & Technology. pp. 2833–2843. doi:10.1109/PICMET.2007.4349626. ISBN 9781890843151. S2CID 27440822.
• Jones, William R. (17 November 2021). "Water resource prospects for the next 50 years on the water planet: personal perspectives on a shared history from Earth Day, the Fourth Industrial Revolution and One Health to the futures of alternative energy, bioconvergence and quantum computing". Water International. 46 (7–8): 1158–1186. doi:10.1080/02508060.2021.2005332. ISSN 0250-8060. S2CID 245290473.
• Steinberg, Deborah Lynn; Murray, Stuart J., eds. (2011). "Editorial Preface: Special Issue on Bioconvergence, Volume I". MediaTropes. 3 (1): i–iii.