French
DeutschCANTAT-3
| CANTAT-3 | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Owners: Føroya Tele | |
Landing points
| |
| Design capacity | 2.5 Gigabit/Second |
| Technology | NL-16 laser regenerative |
| Date of first use | 1994 |
CANTAT-3 was the third Canadian transatlantic telecommunications cable, in regular operation from 1994 to 2010, carrying 3 x 2.5 Gbit/s between Canada and Europe. It branches to both Iceland and the Faroe Islands.[1] It is out of normal service for international bandwidth and is currently operated by Føroya Tele to service oil platforms in the North Sea.
Landing Points
[edit]The landing points are:
- Pennant Point, Nova Scotia, Canada (defunct since 2010)
- Vestmannaeyjar, Iceland[2] (Turned off in 2023)
- Tjørnuvík, Faroe Islands
- Redcar, North Yorkshire, UK (defunct)
- Blaabjerg, Denmark
- Sylt, Germany
- Valdemar Oil Platforms, North Sea (connected in 2012)[3]
History
[edit]CANTAT-3 is the only NL-16 laser regenerative 2.5 Gig/s submarine system built in the world.[4] Part of this huge system was built at STC Submarine Networks, Portland, Oregon, USA, from 1993–1994 (which later became Alcatel Submarine Networks). STC Submarine Networks in Southampton, Hampshire, UK. made the rest of the system. The Canadian portion (shore end system) was laid off Nova Scotia by the Teleglobe cable ship CS John Cabot. The main-lay portion was deployed off Nova Scotia towards the Faroes on board the AT&T ship Global Mariner. Other cable ships were involved in the completion of this system. This was the northernmost cable system ever deployed at the time.
CANTAT-3 was operated[until when?] by India's Teleglobe.
On December 17, 2006, CANTAT-3 services were disrupted due to damage to the submarine cable, resulting in degradation of service to hundreds of thousands of users connecting via internet and media providers (Síminn, Vodafone and Hive). The country was however backed up by the second submarine cable, FARICE-1 The most notable effect of the event was a temporary shut-down of data communications by Iceland's universities and hospitals, which relied exclusively on CANTAT-3's services. Although it was predicted that a full recovery of the cable would take ten days, starting from midnight on January 13, 2007, it actually took until July 29, 2007 before service was fully restored. During that time, the Icelandic universities and hospitals in Akureyri and Reykjavík relied on emergency connectivity obtained via local internet providers Síminn and Vodafone. The Icelandic government decided not to buy extra bandwidth for the university network through the functioning FARICE-1 cable, despite being a large shareholder in FARICE-1.[5]
Given that CANTAT-3 suffered multiple[1][6] interruptions, the alternative cables FARICE-1, DANICE and Greenland Connect were established and/or expanded[1] to ensure cabled telecommunication connectivity in Iceland. CANTAT-3 also had too little capacity by 2007 for domestic Internet usage, and became outdated as soon as the DANICE cable came into operation by 2009.
Usage
[edit]Føroya Tele (Faroese Telecom) took over ownership and operation of the cable in 2012 to service oil platforms in the North Sea.[citation needed]
As of 2022, CANTAT-3 is still in use and is powered from the Faroe Islands, Germany, Denmark and Valdemar Oil Platforms. Given its obsolete bandwidth capacity, providing service to oil platforms is the currently the primary function of CANTAT-3. The transatlantic portion as well as the spur to England is no longer in operation and has not been replaced.[7]
Notes
[edit]- ^ a b c Farice: The background of the FARICE-1 cable
- ^ "Míla ehf. and Føroya Tele signed 3 year contract". Míla (Press release). Archived from the original on 2013-09-18. Retrieved 2013-09-18.
- ^ "Offshore oil and gas". Orange Marine. Retrieved 2022-08-08.
- ^ "12.17 ODIN Cable System". Greenland Theory. Retrieved 31 December 2018.
- ^ Press release by Síminn at 2006-12-17 about failure of CANTAT-3 Archived 2013-09-18 at archive.today (Icelandic)
- ^ Press release by Síminn at 2003-11-05 about failure of CANTAT-3 Archived 2013-09-18 at archive.today (Icelandic)
- ^ "The Shefa Network". Shefa (in Faroese). Retrieved 2022-08-08.
References
[edit]- The Iceland Basin, -Topography and Oceanographic Features-, Svend-Aage Malmberg, Marine Research Institute, Reykjavík 2004. Accessed 13 January 2006. Map of CANTAT-3 cable route on p13.
External links
[edit]- 2003 Nordunet Annual Conference
- TeleGeography.com: New submarine cable to dramatically increase Iceland's data transmission capacity, Monday, 9 February 2004 Archived 15 July 2007 at the Wayback Machine
- Islands of Resilience: Comparative Model for Energy, Connectivity and Jurisdiction - Realizing European ICT possibilities through a case study of Iceland Accessed 30 January 2013.