CA 242 (tumor marker)

CA 242 is a tumor marker for sialylated Lewis carbohydrates associated with adenocarcinomas and e-selectin-mediated metastatic risk.[1][2][3] It is commonly tested along with CEA, CA19-9, and CA242 for detecting pancreatic cancer.[4] The specificity of CA 242 is higher than similar markers. Current research dictates that diagnostic efficiency is highest when various tumor markers are tested for at once.[5]

CA 242 has been used clinically as a diagnostic biomarker for pancreatic, colorectal and other cancers. Since CA 242 is overexpressed in malignant tumors, it is within reason to assume that CA 242 could be a product of cancer cells.[6] A study was conducted where CA 242 serum levels were acquired from 34, 680 patients with 27 clinically defined diseases. The data acquired shows that patients with pancreatic cancer, cervical cancer and lymphoma had the highest levels of the CA 242 serum, which was followed by esophageal, colon and ovarian cancer. CA 242 can be shown to detect other types of cancer as shown.

Analysis of CA 242 and other tumor markers

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The objective of this study was to compare different tumor markers and their diagnostic value. The tumor markers tested in this experiment were CA 19-9, CA 242 and CEA tumor markers. The data revealed that although each marker have its own level of specificity and correspond to a cancer, all three makers together increase diagnostic value.[7]

References

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  1. ^ Louhimo J, Alfthan H, Stenman UH, Haglund C (2004). "Serum HCG beta and CA 72-4 are stronger prognostic factors than CEA, CA 19-9 and CA 242 in pancreatic cancer". Oncology. 66 (2): 126–31. doi:10.1159/000077438. PMID 15138364. S2CID 25798287.
  2. ^ Haglund C, Lundin J, Kuusela P, Roberts PJ (September 1994). "CA 242, a new tumour marker for pancreatic cancer: a comparison with CA 19-9, CA 50 and CEA". Br. J. Cancer. 70 (3): 487–92. doi:10.1038/bjc.1994.332. PMC 2033366. PMID 8080735.
  3. ^ Röthlin MA, Joller H, Largiadèr F (February 1993). "CA 242 is a new tumor marker for pancreatic cancer". Cancer. 71 (3): 701–7. doi:10.1002/1097-0142(19930201)71:3<701::AID-CNCR2820710308>3.0.CO;2-C. PMID 8431849.
  4. ^ Ni, X.G.; Bai, X.F.; Mao, Y.L.; Shao, Y.F.; Wu, J.X.; Shan, Y.; Wang, C.F.; Wang, J.; Tian, Y.T. (March 2005). "The clinical value of serum CEA, CA19-9, and CA242 in the diagnosis and prognosis of pancreatic cancer". European Journal of Surgical Oncology (EJSO). 31 (2): 164–169. doi:10.1016/j.ejso.2004.09.007. ISSN 0748-7983. PMID 15698733.
  5. ^ Gu, Yu-Lei; Lan, Chao; Pei, Hui; Yang, Shuang-Ning; Liu, Yan-Fen; Xiao, Li-Li (2015-10-06). "Applicative Value of Serum CA19-9, CEA, CA125 and CA242 in Diagnosis and Prognosis for Patients with Pancreatic Cancer Treated by Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy". Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention. 16 (15): 6569–6573. doi:10.7314/apjcp.2015.16.15.6569. ISSN 1513-7368. PMID 26434876.
  6. ^ Dou, Huaiqian; Sun, Guirong; Zhang, Lijuan (2019-01-01), Zhang, Lijuan (ed.), "Chapter Twelve - CA242 as a biomarker for pancreatic cancer and other diseases", Progress in Molecular Biology and Translational Science, Glycans and Glycosaminoglycans as Clinical Biomarkers and Therapeutics - Part A, 162, Academic Press: 229–239, doi:10.1016/bs.pmbts.2018.12.007, PMID 30905452, S2CID 85498143, retrieved 2021-12-03
  7. ^ Hasmik, Vahradyan (2011). "The Role of CA-19-9, CA 242 and CEA Tumor Markers in Digestive Tract Cancer Diagnostics". Clinical Biochemistry. 44 (13): S209. doi:10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2011.08.520.
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