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Cannabis in Serbia is illegal. Possession is punishable by a fine or by imprisonment of up to 3 years. Sale and transport are punishable by imprisonment from 3 to 12 years. Cultivation is punishable by imprisonment from 6 months to 5 years. Penalties are higher for organized crime.[1]
History
[edit]In the 1700s, Italian farmers and hempseed strains were brought to Serbia, making hemp an important crop there until the 1900s.[2] Hempseed was a traditional aphrodisiac, and wearing hemp fiber was said to enhance a man's sexual strength.[3]
The Kingdom of Yugoslavia ratified the International Opium Convention on 4 September 1929.[4] The first law to sanction drug abuse was the Criminal Code of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes passed on 27 January 1929 and which entered into force on 1 January 1930, which sets a prison sentence of up to 6 months for "serving" narcotic drugs in the section "Crimes against Public Health".[5]
Reform
[edit]The first Ganja March in Belgrade was held on 7 May 2005 and went smoothly with around 50 participants.[6][7]
The second Ganja March in Belgrade, organized by Damjan Pavlica, was scheduled to be held on 5 May 2007.[8] However, on 3 May 2007 the Ministry of the Interior received a threatening email from a group calling themselves the United Patriots. The email was signed by Obraz, Nacionalni Stroj, Dveri, Krv i čast, Konačni obračun, the Tsar Lazar Guard and far-right politicians Kosta Čavoški, Siniša Vučinić and Goran Davidović.[7] However, Kosta Čavoški denied having anything to do with the email claiming he was set up by anti-Serbian NGOs. The Dveri movement, as well as Mladen Obradović, the leader of Obraz, also denied having any part in the email. Željko Vasiljević, the leader of the Tsar Lazar Guard, distanced himself from any use of violence. Nevertheless, the march was canceled.[9]
In February 2014 Health Minister Slavica Đukić Dejanović voiced support for the legalization of medical marijuana.[10]
The first legal association advocating the legalization of medical marijuana in Serbia, the Initiative to Change the Cannabis Legislation (IRKA), was registered in early 2014.[11]
On 5 November 2014 the Faculty of Political Sciences in Belgrade hosted a panel called "Times are Changing, Legalize It", organized by the libertarian group Students for Liberty. The event was interrupted when members of Serbian Action stormed the lecture hall and started harassing the students.[12]
On 18 January 2015 an organization called Lekalizacija Srbije (a conflation of lek meaning medicine and legalizacija meaning legalization), advocating the legalization of medical marijuana was formed in Belgrade by journalist Antonije Kovačević.[13] On 19 February 2015 the organization submitted a proposal to the Ministry of Health to legalize medical marijuana, citing several hundred cases of successful treatment.[14] On 7 July 2015 in Belgrade's Mixer House, Lekalizacija Srbije organized a festival promoting medical marijuana called "One Plant, Many Good Things". One of the speakers was Slavica Đukić Dejanović.[15]
On 4 September 2015 the IRKA initiative held the second (successful) Cannabis March in Belgrade, what they called a "gathering of the largest disenfranchised minority in Serbia".[16] The march was attended by actor Sergej Trifunović.[17]
In early 2016 the Expert Committee for the Use of Cannabis for Medical Purposes, composed by the Ministry of Health, proposed legalizing three cannabis-based drugs - Sativex, Dronabinol and Nabilone, and that cannabis oil should stay illegal.[18]
On 24 September 2016 the IRKA initiative held the first Cannabis March in Novi Sad. The march was attended by pop singer Marina Perazić.[19]
On 23 June 2017 Goran Čabradi, the leader and sole parliamentary representative of the Green Party, introduced a bill in the National Assembly to legalize medical marijuana in Serbia.[20]
References
[edit]- ^ Krivični zakonik (The Criminal Code), paragraf.rs, 2013, retrieved 2011-02-17
- ^ Chris Duvall (15 November 2014). Cannabis. Reaktion Books. pp. 57–. ISBN 978-1-78023-386-4.
- ^ Robert Clarke; Mark Merlin (1 September 2013). Cannabis: Evolution and Ethnobotany. University of California Press. pp. 287–. ISBN 978-0-520-95457-1.
- ^ "United Nations Treaty Collection".
- ^ Criminal Code of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes. Belgrade: Državna štamparija. 1929. pp. 70–71.
- ^ "Marihuana marš" u Beogradu, Glas Javnosti, 7 May 2005, accessed 5 September 2017
- ^ a b Najava nasilja u Beogradu, B92, 3 May 2007, accessed 5 September 2017
- ^ Otkazan Gandža marš, FOX, May 2007
- ^ Otkazani marš za marihuanu i kontramarš, Blic, 4 May 2007, accessed 5 September 2017
- ^ Dejanović: Legalizacija marihuane u medicinske svrhe nije legalizacija droge, Blic, 25 February 2014, accessed 5 September 2017
- ^ Osnovano prvo udruženje za legalizovanje marihuane, Mondo, 25 February 2014, accessed 22 September 2017
- ^ Incident na tribini na FPN-u, RTS, 5 November 2014, accessed 5 September 2017
- ^ Osnovano udruženje za legalizaciju kanabisa u medicinske svrhe, Blic, 18 January 2015, accessed 7 September 2017
- ^ Jagodina, Tribina o legalizaciji kanabisa, RTS, 19 February 2015, accessed 7 September 2017
- ^ Tribina o legalizaciji marihuane u Mikser Hausu, B92, 30 June 2015, accessed 7 September 2017
- ^ Vice: Marš za kanabis u Beogradu neće biti zabavnog karaktera, B92, 3 September 2015, accessed 22 September 2017
- ^ Održan protest za legalizaciju marihuane Archived 2017-09-22 at the Wayback Machine, N1, 4 September 2015, accessed 22 September 2017
- ^ Odobrena tri leka na bazi kanabisa, Večernje Novosti, 15 January 2016, accessed 5 September 2017
- ^ SLOBODA KANABISU Marš za marihuanu u Novom Sadu, na skupu i Marina Perazić, Blic, 24 September 2016, accessed 23 September 2017
- ^ Predat zahtev za legalizaciju marihuane u medicinske svrhe, B92, 23 June 2017, accessed 4 September 2017.
