Charlotte Greenwood

Charlotte Greenwood
Born	Frances Charlotte Greenwood (1890-06-25)June 25, 1890 Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S.
Died	December 28, 1977(1977-12-28) (aged 87) Los Angeles, California, U.S.
Occupation(s)	Actress, dancer
Years active	1915–61
Spouse(s)	Cyril Ring (1915–22; divorced) Martin Broones (1924–71; his death)

Frances Charlotte Greenwood (June 25, 1890 – December 28, 1977) was an American actress and dancer. Born in Philadelphia, Greenwood started in vaudeville, and starred on Broadway, movies and radio. Standing almost six feet tall (some sources say 5'10"), she was best known for her long legs and high kicks. She described herself as the "only woman in the world who could kick a giraffe in the eye."^[1]

Between 1909 and 1912 Greenwood performed in vaudeville as part of a sister act, "Burnam and Greenwood."^[2] The act broke up when Greenwood was hired for the Winter Garden Revue.^[3]

In 1913, Oliver Morosco cast her as Queen Ann Soforth of Oogaboo late in the run of L. Frank Baum and Louis F. Gottschalk's The Tik-Tok Man of Oz (better known in its novelization as Tik-Tok of Oz).^[4] In 1916, Morosco commissioned a successful star vehicle stage play titled So Long Letty.^[5] In 1919 Morosco brought her back in the sequel Linger Longer Letty.^[6] This role made her a star; she reprised it in the 1929 movie of the same name.

She appeared with actors including Charles Ruggles, Betty Grable, Jimmy Durante, Eddie Cantor, Buster Keaton, Don Ameche, and Carmen Miranda. Most of Greenwood's best work was done on the stage, and was lauded by such critics as James Agate, Alexander Woollcott, and Claudia Cassidy. One of her most successful roles was that of Juno in Cole Porter's Out of This World ^[7] in which she introduced the Porter classic "I Sleep Easier Now". She had some discomfort with that play because she had become a devout Christian Scientist and feared the play was too risqué.^[8][9]

Greenwood appeared in numerous movies. When not showcasing her trademark high kicks and splits in comic roles for musicals, she played occasional serio-comic roles such as Lon McAllister's aunt in Home in Indiana. Her last memorable role was as the feisty Aunt Eller in the 1955 film adaptation of Rodgers and Hammerstein's Oklahoma! (1955), starring Gordon MacRae and Shirley Jones.^[10]

Greenwood had her own radio program, The Charlotte Greenwood Show, a sitcom. It was broadcast from 1944 to 1946, first on ABC and later on NBC.^[11] She also was in "Home in Indiana" on Lux Radio Theatre October 2, 1944.^[12]

Greenwood ventured into recorded music with an album of songs from Cole Porter's musical Out of This World and another from the musical comedy Oh, by Jingo.^[13]

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Greenwood first married actor Cyril Ring, brother of actress Blanche Ring. They divorced. Her second husband was composer Martin Broones. He died in 1971.^[14] Both unions were childless.

In her post-retirement years, this comedienne who, in her own words, was “the only woman in the world who could kick a giraffe in the eye,” suffered severely from arthritis. She and Broones were Christian Scientists – he was a C.S. practitioner and teacher of Christian Science for over two decades, and consulted with Doris Day in that capacity. Greenwood also became a listed public Christian Science practitioner until her death in 1977, using the name Charlotte Greenwood Broones.

Greenwood died in Los Angeles at age 87. She had been out of the public eye for decades, and it was months before the world took notice.^[15]

• Hayter-Menzies, Grant. Charlotte Greenwood: The Life and Career of the Comic Star of Vaudeville, Radio and Film. McFarland & Company, Inc., Jefferson, North Carolina and London, 2007; ISBN 978-0-7864-2995-0.
• Cullen, Frank; Hackman, Florence; McNeilly, Donald (2007). Vaudeville old & new: an encyclopedia of variety performances in America. Psychology Press. ISBN 978-0-415-93853-2.
• Liebman, Roy (2017). Broadway Actors in Films, 1894-2015. McFarland. ISBN 978-1-4766-2615-4.

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Charlotte Greenwood.

• Works by or about Charlotte Greenwood at the Internet Archive
• Charlotte Greenwood at IMDb
• Charlotte Greenwood at the Internet Broadway Database
• Charlotte Greenwood web site
• Victoria Times-Colonist, Adrian Chamberlain, May 26, 2007
• 1925 portrait of Charlotte Greenwood modeling fur and her hair coiffed taken by Benjamin Strauss and Homer Peyton
• lithograph to the 1919 musical Linger Longer Letty